SpringMVC简单实例

最新推荐文章于 2023-09-06 23:17:53 发布

闲娱

最新推荐文章于 2023-09-06 23:17:53 发布

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分类专栏： Java 文章标签： spring mvc

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/qq_43499543/article/details/117425909

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本文项目代码：https://download.csdn.net/download/qq_43499543/19350337

准备

1）创建一个webapp项目
FIle→new→project→选中maven→选中Create from archetype→选择webapp
在这里插入图片描述
2）在src目录上右键添加完整的目录结构

全选

3）添加Maven依赖

  <dependencies>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>junit</groupId>
      <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
      <version>4.11</version>
      <scope>test</scope>
    </dependency>

      <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-context</artifactId>
        <version>5.2.6.RELEASE</version>
      </dependency>

      <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-web</artifactId>
        <version>5.2.6.RELEASE</version>
      </dependency>
      
      <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
        <version>5.2.6.RELEASE</version>
      </dependency>

      <dependency>
        <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
        <artifactId>javax.servlet-api</artifactId>
        <version>4.0.1</version>
        <scope>provided</scope>
      </dependency>

      <dependency>
        <groupId>javax.servlet.jsp</groupId>
        <artifactId>jsp-api</artifactId>
        <version>2.2</version>
        <scope>provided</scope>
      </dependency>
  </dependencies>

1.基于xml的项目

1）(在resources目录下)创建Spring MVC配置文件springmvc.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd">
    <!--配置处理器Handle，映射为"/hello"请求，class要和自己创建的Controller类对应-->
    <bean name="/hello" class="com.controller.HelloController"></bean>
    <!--配置视图解析器，将控制器方法返回的逻辑视图解析为物理视图-->
    <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver"></bean>

</beans>

2）在web.xml中配置Spring MVC的前端控制器DispatcherServlet。

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app version="2.5" xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee
http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd">

  <display-name>Archetype Created Web Application</display-name>

  <servlet>
    <servlet-name>dispatcherServlet</servlet-name>
    <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
    <init-param>
      <!--初始化参数，配置SpringMVC配置文件的位置以及名称-->
      <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
      <param-value>classpath:springmvc.xml</param-value>
    </init-param>
    <!--表示容器在启动时，立即加载dispatcherServlet-->
    <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
  </servlet>
<!--  让dispatcherServlet拦截所有请求-->
  <servlet-mapping>
    <servlet-name>dispatcherServlet</servlet-name>
    <url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
  </servlet-mapping>

</web-app>

3）编写控制器HelloController

package com.controller;


import org.springframework.web.servlet.ModelAndView;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.Controller;

import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;

public class HelloController implements Controller {

    @Override
    public ModelAndView handleRequest(HttpServletRequest httpServletRequest, HttpServletResponse httpServletResponse) throws Exception {
        System.out.println("TEST MVC");
        ModelAndView modelAndView = new ModelAndView();
        modelAndView.addObject("msg","第一个MVC");
        modelAndView.setViewName("first.jsp");
        return modelAndView;
    }
}

4）编写jsp文件
first.jsp

<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>
<html>
<head>
    <title>Title</title>
</head>
<body>
    ${msg}
</body>
</html>

访问/hello
PS：如果显示的是${msg}而不是相应的值，需要检查web.xml约束头

2.基于注解的项目

web.xml和first.jsp文件不变

1）修改springmvc.xml

<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
       xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
         http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
         http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd
           http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc
           http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc.xsd">

    <!--配置自动扫描的包-->
    <context:component-scan base-package="com.controller"></context:component-scan>
<!--下面的标签会自动注册DefaultAnnotationHandlerMapping(处理映射器)和AnnotationMethodHandlerAdapter(处理适配器)两个Bean,用来完成对Controlled和RequestMapping等注解的支持,从而找出URL和Handler method的关系并予以关联-->
    <mvc:annotation-driven/>
    <!--配置视图解析器，将控制器方法返回的逻辑视图解析为物理视图-->
    <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
        <property name="prefix" value=""></property> 
        <property name="suffix" value=".jsp"></property>
    </bean>

</beans>

2) 修改controller

package com.controller;

import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.ModelAndView;

@Controller
public class HelloController{
    //第一种写法
    @RequestMapping("/hello")
    public ModelAndView hello(){
        System.out.println("第二个MVC");
        ModelAndView modelAndView = new ModelAndView();
        modelAndView.addObject("msg","第二个MVC");
        modelAndView.setViewName("first");  //因为在springmvc.xml中已经配置了后缀.jsp所以只需要文件名
        return modelAndView;

    }
     //第二种写法
    @RequestMapping("/hello2")
    public String hello2(){
        return "first";
    }
}

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SpringMVC简单实例

1）创建一个webapp项目FIle→new→project→选中maven→选中Create from archetype→选择webapp2）在src目录上右键添加完整的目录结构全选3）添加Maven依赖 <dependencies> <dependency> <groupId>junit</groupId> <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
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