window上Linux子系统的一些配置

首先，我不喜欢只能用命令行操纵的系统，相信其他人应该也和我一样，所以为了让它好看一点，先来将其基础配置搞一下，起码有个图形界面，能用终端的好看代码片， 没有好看的小姐姐，起码要有一个好看的代码片

子系统图形界面配置

运行以下命令

//更新
sudo apt-get update
//安装 xorg
sudo apt-get install xorg
//安装xfce4
sudo apt-get install xfce4
//安装xrdp
sudo apt-get install xrdp
//配置
xrdpsudo sed -i 's/port=3389/port=3390/g' /etc/xrdp/xrdp.ini
//上面是配置端口

安装上面三个东东的时候可能会遇见以下报错：

  Could not connect to http.kali.org:80 (192.99.200.113). - connect (111: Connection refused)
Err:2 http://http.kali.org/kali kali-rolling/main amd64 xorgxrdp amd64 1:0.2.9-1
  Unable to connect to http.kali.org:http:
Err:3 http://http.kali.org/kali kali-rolling/main amd64 xrdp amd64 0.9.9-1
  Unable to connect to http.kali.org:http:
E: Failed to fetch http://http.kali.org/kali/pool/main/s/ssl-cert/ssl-cert_1.0.39_all.deb  Could not connect to http.kali.org:80 (192.99.200.113). - connect (111: Connection refused)
E: Failed to fetch http://http.kali.org/kali/pool/main/x/xorgxrdp/xorgxrdp_0.2.9-1_amd64.deb  Unable to connect to http.kali.org:http:
E: Failed to fetch http://http.kali.org/kali/pool/main/x/xrdp/xrdp_0.9.9-1_amd64.deb  Unable to connect to http.kali.org:http:
E: Unable to fetch some archives, maybe run apt-get update or try with --fix-missing?

遇到这个情况，先用自己的各个浏览器访问一下http.kali.org看看是不是官网有问题，如果官网没问题就在kali的命令行里用ping命令ping一下，如下：

root@DESKTOP-JKMQ91L:/home/xibai-huili# ping http.kali.org
PING http.kali.org (192.99.200.113) 56(84) bytes of data.
64 bytes from hebe.kali.org (192.99.200.113): icmp_seq=1 ttl=39 time=450 ms
64 bytes from hebe.kali.org (192.99.200.113): icmp_seq=4 ttl=39 time=443 ms
64 bytes from hebe.kali.org (192.99.200.113): icmp_seq=11 ttl=39 time=458 ms
64 bytes from hebe.kali.org (192.99.200.113): icmp_seq=12 ttl=39 time=457 ms

ping通之后再来运行安装命令就可以了

写入服务

//向xsession中写入xfce4-session
sudo echo xfce4-session >~/.xsession
//重启xrdp服务
sudo service xrdp restart
//如果有防火墙，允许就好了。

检测是否成功配置图形界面

在Cortana中搜索远程桌面连接，点击进入，输入本机IP：端口，以及子系统用户名（在步骤2中，终端窗口@符号之前）

出现下面的警告确定即可

输入自己的账号和密码

登入成功

配置使用环境

更换apt安装源

清华源

# 默认注释了源码镜像以提高 apt update 速度，如有需要可自行取消注释
deb https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ xenial main restricted universe multiverse
# deb-src https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ xenial main restricted universe multiverse
deb https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ xenial-updates main restricted universe multiverse
# deb-src https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ xenial-updates main restricted universe multiverse
deb https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ xenial-backports main restricted universe multiverse
# deb-src https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ xenial-backports main restricted universe multiverse
deb https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ xenial-security main restricted universe multiverse
# deb-src https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ xenial-security main restricted universe multiverse

# 预发布软件源，不建议启用
# deb https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ xenial-proposed main restricted universe multiverse
# deb-src https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ xenial-proposed main restricted universe multiverse

中科大源

deb http://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ xenial main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ xenial-security main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ xenial-updates main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ xenial-proposed main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ xenial-backports main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ xenial main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ xenial-security main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ xenial-updates main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ xenial-proposed main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ xenial-backports main restricted universe multiverse

阿里源

deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ $Codename main multiverse restricted universe
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ $Codename-backports main multiverse restricted universe
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ $Codename-proposed main multiverse restricted universe
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ $Codename-security main multiverse restricted universe
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ $Codename-updates main multiverse restricted universe
deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ $Codename main multiverse restricted universe
deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ $Codename-backports main multiverse restricted universe
deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ $Codename-proposed main multiverse restricted universe
deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ $Codename-security main multiverse restricted universe
deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ $Codename-updates main multiverse restricted universe 

网易源

deb http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ precise main universe restricted multiverse 
deb-src http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ precise main universe restricted multiverse 
deb http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ precise-security universe main multiverse restricted 
deb-src http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ precise-security universe main multiverse restricted
deb http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ precise-updates universe main multiverse restricted 
deb http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ precise-proposed universe main multiverse restricted 
deb-src http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ precise-proposed universe main multiverse restricted 
deb http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ precise-backports universe main multiverse restricted  
deb-src http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ precise-backports universe main multiverse restricted 
deb-src http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ precise-updates universe main multiverse restricted

配置软件环境

sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get upgrade

安装中文语言包

sudo apt install -y language-pack-zh-hans language-pack-zh-hans-base

安装man手册

sudo apt-get install manpages
sudo apt-get install manpages-de
sudo apt-get install manpages-de-dev
sudo apt-get install manpages-dev

设置中文语言环境

在网上查的时候查到俩种不太一样的方法，都记录了一下
一、

export LC_ALL=zh_CN.UTF-8
locale   //把显示出来的用鼠标选中ctrl+c复制下来,在win10下新建个文档保存
locale -a      //已经查看支持字体，把上一步保存的内容中的“zh_CN.UTF-8”修改为通过 locale -a 所支持的字体zh_CN.utf8
vim /etc/default/locale  //将上述保存内容通过粘贴写入进去保存

二、

vi ~/.profile 
//在末尾新增一行:  
LANG=zh_CN.UTF-8 
//设置完毕重新打开ubuntu即可，部分软件及命令不支持汉化