Cpp Template（5）

最新推荐文章于 2023-07-31 22:07:51 发布

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最新推荐文章于 2023-07-31 22:07:51 发布

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分类专栏： C++ Template 文章标签： c++ 开发语言

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/qq_43517064/article/details/127861818

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第 5 章技巧性基础知识

综合本章例子（一个Stack的实现）

代码

#include <vector>
#include <stdexcept>
#include <deque>
#include <cstdlib>
#include <iostream>

template<typename T, template<typename ELEM, typename = std::allocator<ELEM> > class CONT = std::deque>
class Stack {
private:
    CONT<T> elems;
public:
    void push(T const &);

    void pop();

    T top() const;

    bool empty() const {
        return elems.empty();
    }

    // 重载复制运算符
    template<typename T2, template<typename ELEM2, typename = std::allocator<ELEM2> > class CONT2>
    Stack<T, CONT> &operator=(Stack<T2, CONT2> const &);
};

template<typename T, template<typename, typename> class CONT>
template<typename T2, template<typename, typename> class CONT2>
Stack<T, CONT> &Stack<T, CONT>::operator=(const Stack<T2, CONT2> &op2) {
    if ((void *) this == (void *) &op2) {
        return *this;
    }

    Stack<T2, CONT2> tmp(op2);
    elems.clear();
    while (!tmp.empty()) {
        elems.push_front(tmp.top());
        tmp.pop();
    }
    return *this;
}

template<typename T, template<typename, typename> class CONT>
void Stack<T, CONT>::push(T const &elem) {
    elems.push_back(elem);
}

template<typename T, template<typename, typename> class CONT>
void Stack<T, CONT>::pop() {
    if (elems.empty()) {
        throw std::out_of_range("Stack<>::pop(): empty stack");
    }
    elems.pop_back();
}

template<typename T, template<typename, typename> class CONT>
T Stack<T, CONT>::top() const {
    if (elems.empty()) {
        throw std::out_of_range("Stack<>::top(): empty stack");
    }
    return elems.back();
}

int main() {
    try {
        Stack<int> intStack;
        Stack<float> floatStack;

        intStack.push(42);
        intStack.push(7);

        floatStack.push(7.7);

        floatStack = intStack;

        std::cout << floatStack.top() << std::endl;
        floatStack.pop();
        std::cout << floatStack.top() << std::endl;
        floatStack.pop();
        std::cout << floatStack.top() << std::endl;
        floatStack.pop();
    }
    catch (std::exception const &ex) {
        std::cerr << " Exception: " << ex.what() << std::endl;
    }

    Stack<int, std::vector> vStack;

    vStack.push(42);
    vStack.push(7);
    std::cout << vStack.top() << std::endl;

}