C++自定义日期对象的处理

自定义一个Date对象，主要实现在对日期的相应处理。
实现的功能：

• 日期合法性的判断
• 日期比较大小
• 计算两个日期之差
• 日期加上指定年份
• 日期加上指定月份
• 日期加上指定天数
• 日期转字符串

C++完整代码

#include <iostream>
#include <ctime>
#include<cstdlib>
#include <sstream>
#include<climits>
using namespace std;
class Date {
	private:
		int year,month,day;
		int buff[13];
		//以2000.1.1为基准计算与 y.m.d 相差天数
		int currDateToOriginalDays(int y,int m,int d) {
			int total = 0;
			int flag = 1;
			int a = 2000;	//原始日期  2001.1.1
			int b = y;
			if(y<2000) {
				flag = -1;
				a = y;
				b = 2000;
			}
			while(a<b) {
				total += 365;
				total += isLeap(a);
				a++;
			}
			for(int i = 1; i<m; i++) {
				total += buff[i];
			}
			if(m>2) {
				total+=isLeap(y);
			}
			total += d;
			return total*flag;
		}
	public:
		Date(int yy,int mm,int dd):year(yy),month(mm),day(dd) {
			int temp[13] = { 0, 31, 28, 31, 30, 31, 30, 31, 31, 30, 31, 30, 31 };
			for (int i = 0; i < sizeof(temp) / sizeof(int); i++) {
				buff[i] = temp[i];
			}
		}
		int isLeap(int yy) {
			return ((yy%4==0 && yy%100!=0)||(yy%400==0))?1:0;
		}
		Date(Date &p) {
			year = p.year;
			month = p.month;
			day = p.day;
		}
		//判断日期是否合法
		bool isEffectful() {
			if(year>0 && month>=1 && month<=12 && day>0 && day<=31) {
				int monthdays = buff[month];
				if(month==2) {
					monthdays+=isLeap(year);
				}
//			得出正确的日期，那么就好排除其他日期为错误日期
				if(day<=buff[month]) {
					return 1;
				}
			}
			return 0;
		}
		int getYear() const {
			return year;
		}
		int getMonth() const {
			return month;
		}
		int getDay() const {
			return day;
		}
//	转为日期格式字符串
		string toString() {
			char ch[11];
			sprintf(ch,"%d-%d-%d",year,month,day);
//		新编译器则需替换为以下
//		sprintf_s(ch,sizeof(ch),"%d-%d-%d", year, month, day);
			string str = ch;
			return str;
		}
		friend ostream& operator<<(ostream &os,Date &date) {
			os<<date.year<<"-"<<date.month<<"-"<<date.day;
			return os;
		}
		friend int operator<(Date &p1,Date &p2) {
			return (p1-p2<0)?1:0;
		}
		friend int operator!=(Date &p1,Date &p2) {
			if(p1.year==p2.year && p1.month==p2.month && p1.day==p2.month) {
				return 0;
			}
			return 1;
		}
		//日期相减
		friend int operator-(Date &p1,Date &p2) {
			if(!p1.isEffectful()||!p2.isEffectful()) {
				cout<<"日期错误！"<<endl;
				exit(0);
			}
			int sum1 = p1.currDateToOriginalDays(p1.year,p1.month,p1.day);
			int sum2 = p2.currDateToOriginalDays(p2.year,p2.month,p2.day);
			return sum1 - sum2;
		}
		//当前日期加上几个月
		friend void addMonths(Date &date,int mm) {
			if(mm<0) {
				cout<<"参数不能小于 0 ！"<<endl;
				return ;
//			exit(0);
			}
			int newyear = date.year+(date.month+mm)/12;
			int newmonth = (date.month+mm)%12;
			newmonth = (newmonth==0)?12:newmonth;
			if(newmonth>12) {
				newyear++;
				newmonth = newmonth - 12;
			}
			if(date.day>27) {
				int monthDays = date.getMonthDays(newyear,newmonth);
				if(date.day>monthDays) {
					date.day = monthDays;
				}
			}
			date.year = newyear;
			date.month = newmonth;
		}
		//获取指定月份的天数
		int getMonthDays(int yy,int mm) {
			if(mm==2) {
				return buff[mm]+isLeap(yy);
			} else {
				return buff[mm];
			}
		}
		//当前日期加上指定天数 ( 大于 0 )
		friend void addDays(Date &date,int extra) {
			while(true) {
				//每个月份天数
				int currdays = date.getMonthDays(date.year,date.month);
				if(extra+date.day>currdays) {
					//每次循环添加的天数
					int surplus = currdays-date.day+1;	// 不加 1 则 结果少 1
					date.month++;
					date.day = 1;
					//添加的天数
					if(date.month==13) {
						date.year++;
						date.month = 1;
					}
					// extra 剩余待添加的天数
					extra = extra - surplus;
				} else {
					date.day+=extra;
					break;
				}
			}
//			cout<<"extra:"<<extra<<endl;
		}
		//添加指定年份
		friend void addYears(Date &date,int yy) {
			int newyear = date.year+yy;
//		闰年 2 月转到平年 2 月
			if(date.isLeap(date.year) && date.month==2 && date.day==29) {
				date.day = (date.isLeap(newyear)?29:28);
			}
			date.year = newyear;
		}
};

//	获取当前系统日期工具函数
string getDate() {
	// 基于当前系统的当前日期/时间
	time_t now = time(0);
	tm *ltm = localtime(&now);
	// 输出 tm 结构的各个组成部分
	int year = 1900 + ltm->tm_year;
	int month = 1+ltm->tm_mon;
	int day = ltm->tm_mday;
	char ch[11];
	sprintf(ch,"%d-%d-%d",year,month,day);
// 字符数组赋值给字符串
	string str = ch;
	return str;
}
//	测试函数
void Date_test() {
	srand(time(0));
	cout<<"自定义日期对象测试"<<endl;
	cout<<"1.随机产生日期校验是否合法"<<endl;
	int count = 10;
	while(count--) {
		int y,m,d;
		y =2000+rand()%5;
		m =1+rand()%10;
		d =29+rand()%4;

		Date p(y,m,d);
		cout<<y<<"-"<<m<<"-"<<d<<"\t";
//		如果日期合法
		if(p.isEffectful()) {
			cout<<"正确！"<<endl;
		} else {
			cout<<"错误！"<<endl;
		}
		cout<<endl;
	}
	cout<<"2.日期加上指定年数、月数、天数"<<endl;
	count = 10;
	while(count--) {
		int y,m,d;
		y =1993+rand()%20;
		m =1+rand()%10;
		d =29+rand()%4;

		Date q(y,m,d);
		if(!q.isEffectful()) {
			continue;
		}
		int x = rand()%11;
		cout<<q<<"\t加上指定年数："<<x;
		addYears(q,x);
		cout<<"\t结果："<<q<<endl;

		cout<<q<<"\t加上指定月数："<<x;
		addMonths(q,x);
		cout<<"\t结果："<<q<<endl;

		cout<<q<<"\t加上指定天数："<<x;
		addDays(q,x);
		cout<<"\t结果："<<q<<endl;
		cout<<endl;
	}
	Date R(2019,1,1);
	cout<<"3.日期转为字符串：";
	cout<<R.toString()<<endl;
	cout<<endl;
	
	cout<<"当前日期："<<getDate()<<endl;
	

}
int main() {
	Date_test();
}

运行截图