playbook_分角色部署LNMP

一、目录结构

ansible/
├── playbooks/
│   ├── deploy_lnmp.yml
│   └── roles/
│       ├── nginx/
│       │   ├── tasks/
│       │   │   └── main.yml
│       │   └── templates/
│       │   │   └── nginx.conf.j2
			└── handlers/
				└── main.yml
│       ├── mysql/
│       │   ├── tasks/
│       │   │   └── main.yml
│       │   └── vars/
│       │       └── main.yml
│       └── php/
│           ├── tasks/
│           │   └── main.yml
│           └── templates/
│               └── php.ini.j2

playbooks/   自定义主功能目录，主yml文件存放位置
roles/     下面定义一系列角色  nginx,mysql,php都可被视为一个角色
每个角色内可根据需要创建目录 常用目录结构：
		tasks/  这个文件内可编写与 MySQL 相关的任务，例如安装，创用户创库。
		templates/  模板文件存放目录，例如用于生成nginx.conf.j2的配置文件。Jinja2 是 Ansible 使用的模板引擎，可以动态生成配置文件内容。
		vars/  这个目录下可以存放变量  但优先级较低
		handlers/  

二、源码

deploy_lnmp.yml

---
- name: 配置ailiyum 源
  hosts: test_playbook
  remote_user: root

  tasks:
    # 1. yum_repository - 配置本地yum仓库 
    - name: Configure Aliyun YUM repository
      yum_repository:
        name: aliyun
        description: Aliyun YUM Repository
        baseurl: http://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos/7/os/x86_64/  # 根据你的 CentOS 版本和仓库选择合适的 URL
        gpgcheck: 1
        gpgkey: http://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-7
        enabled: yes

    - name: 安装 EPEL 仓库
      yum:
        name: epel-release
        state: present

- name: 部署 LNMP 堆栈
  hosts: test_playbook
  become: yes
  vars:
    mysql_root_password: "123456"
    mysql_database: "mydb"
    mysql_user: "myuser"
    mysql_user_password: "123456"
    server_name: "example.com"
    document_root: "/usr/share/nginx/html"

  roles:
    - nginx
    - mysql
    - php

mysql 下的main.yml

---
- name: 安装 MySQL-python
  yum:
    name: MySQL-python
    state: present
  become: yes

- name: 安装 MariaDB
  yum:
    name: mariadb-server
    state: present
  become: yes

- name: 启动 MariaDB 服务
  systemd:
    name: mariadb
    state: started
    enabled: yes
  become: yes

- name: 配置 MariaDB root 用户密码
  mysql_user:
    login_user: root
    login_password: "{{ mysql_root_password }}"
    name: root
    password: "{{ mysql_root_password }}"
    host_all: yes
    state: present
  become: yes
  
  #这里需要注意的是如果没有在/root/.my.cnf 下写入账号密码 这里需要利用变量传递的方式登录 与上文mysql_user模块一致
- name: 创建数据库
  mysql_db:
    name: "{{ mysql_database }}"
    state: present
  become: yes

- name: 创建 MySQL 用户
  mysql_user:
    name: "{{ mysql_user }}"
    password: "{{ mysql_user_password }}"
    priv: "*.*:ALL"
    state: present
  become: yes

- name: 配置 MySQL 用户权限
  mysql_user:
    name: "{{ mysql_user }}"
    password: "{{ mysql_user_password }}"
    priv: "{{ mysql_database }}.*:ALL"
    host_all: yes
    state: present
  become: yes

nginx 下的main.yml

---
- name: 安装 Nginx
  yum:
    name: nginx
    state: present

- name: 启动并启用 Nginx 服务
  systemd:
    name: nginx
    state: started
    enabled: yes

- name: 配置 Nginx 虚拟主机
  template:
    src: nginx_vhost.conf.j2
    dest: /etc/nginx/conf.d/{{ server_name }}.conf
  notify:
    - 重启 Nginx

nginx_vhost.conf.j2

server {
    listen 80;
    server_name {{ server_name }};

    root {{ document_root }};
    index index.php index.html index.htm;

    location / {
        try_files $uri $uri/ =404;
    }

    location ~ \.php$ {
        include /etc/nginx/fastcgi_params;
        fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:9000;
        fastcgi_index index.php;
        fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME $document_root$fastcgi_script_name;
    }
}

handlers 下的main

---
- name: 重启 Nginx
  systemd:
    name: nginx
    state: restarted

php下的main

---
- name: 安装 PHP 及相关扩展
  yum:
    name:
      - php
      - php-fpm
      - php-mysql
    state: present

- name: 启动并启用 PHP-FPM 服务
  systemd:
    name: php-fpm
    state: started
    enabled: yes

[root@localhost handlers ]# ansible-playbook /etc/ansible/playbook/deploy_lnmp.yml -vvvv

#-vvvv可看到执行过程  方便调试

三、查看验证

[root@localhost ~]# mysql -umyuser -p
Enter password: 
Welcome to the MariaDB monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MariaDB connection id is 11
Server version: 5.5.68-MariaDB MariaDB Server

Copyright (c) 2000, 2018, Oracle, MariaDB Corporation Ab and others.

Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.

MariaDB [(none)]> show databases;
+--------------------+
| Database           |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| mydb               |
| test               |
| test_db            |
+--------------------+
4 rows in set (0.00 sec)

MariaDB [(none)]> 


浏览器访问虚拟机IP地址 验证nginx 服务是否正常