Spring框架学习01-使用idea搭建Spring项目

1.创建新的项目
2.

3.
4.
5.在pom.xml文件中引入相关spring依赖和相关日志依赖

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>

<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
  xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
  <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

  <groupId>com.kude.spring</groupId>
  <artifactId>SpringDemo</artifactId>
  <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
  <packaging>war</packaging>

  <name>SpringDemo Maven Webapp</name>
  <!-- FIXME change it to the project's website -->
  <url>http://www.example.com</url>

  <properties>
    <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
    <maven.compiler.source>1.7</maven.compiler.source>
    <maven.compiler.target>1.7</maven.compiler.target>
  </properties>

  <dependencies>
    <!--测试相关-->
    <dependency>
      <groupId>junit</groupId>
      <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
      <version>4.11</version>
      <scope>test</scope>
    </dependency>
    <!--Spring核心基础依赖-->
    <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.springframework/spring-core -->
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
      <artifactId>spring-core</artifactId>
      <version>5.1.5.RELEASE</version>
    </dependency>
    <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.springframework/spring-context -->
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
      <artifactId>spring-context</artifactId>
      <version>5.1.3.RELEASE</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
      <artifactId>spring-beans</artifactId>
      <version>5.0.2.RELEASE</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
      <artifactId>spring-expression</artifactId>
      <version>5.0.2.RELEASE</version>
    </dependency>
    <!--日志相关-->
    <dependency>
      <groupId>commons-logging</groupId>
      <artifactId>commons-logging</artifactId>
      <version>1.2</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>log4j</groupId>
      <artifactId>log4j</artifactId>
      <version>1.2.17</version>
    </dependency>
  </dependencies>

6.在main下创建目录java和resources，并且分别在java和resources目录上点击右键，分别选择Mark Directory as–>Sources Root 和 Mark Directory as -->Resources Root，设置为源码目录和资源目录
7.创建dao包，在dao包下创建TestDao接口和TestDao接口的实现类，结构如下图：

TestDao接口代码：

package com.kude.dao;

public interface TestDao {
    public void sayHello();
}

TestDao接口实现类TestDaoImpl代码：

package com.kude.dao;

public class TestDaoImpl implements TestDao{
    @Override
    public void sayHello() {
        System.out.println("你好啊，Spring！");
    }
}

8.在resources资源目录点击右键，依次选择New–>XML Configuration File–>Spring Config，创建applicationContext.xml的配置文件

applicationContext.xml文件配置

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd">

    <!-- 把testDao对象的创建权交给Spring   -->
    <bean id="testDao" class="com.kude.dao.TestDaoImpl"></bean>


</beans>

9.创建test包，在test包下创建测试类SpringTest

SpringTest代码示例：

public class SpringTest {
    @Test
    public void demo(){
        //初始化Spring容器ApplicationContext，加载配置文件
        ApplicationContext applicationContext=new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("applicationContext.xml");
        TestDao testDao= (TestDao) applicationContext.getBean("testDao");//此处通过applicationContext.xml文件中的bean-id创建对象
        testDao.sayHello();

    }

10.运行，控制台打印结果：

到这里首先Spring项目的环境已经搭建完成，并且已经成功运行！！