Python 外星人入侵(一）：武装飞船

alien_invasion.py

# -*- encoding:utf-8 -*-
"""
@作者：ZYH
@文件名：alien_invasion.py
@文档说明:  创建游戏窗口和用户游戏输入
"""

import sys
import pygame
from AlienInvasion.settings import Settings
from ship import Ship
from AlienInvasion.bullet import Bullet


class AlienInvasion:
    """管理游戏资源和行为的类"""
    def __init__(self):
        """初始化游戏并创建游戏资源"""
        pygame.init()
        self.settings = Settings()

        # 支持全屏模式
        self.screen = pygame.display.set_mode((0, 0), pygame.FULLSCREEN)
        self.settings.screen_width = self.screen.get_rect().width
        self.settings.screen_height = self.screen.get_rect().height
        # # 创建一个窗口  并设置宽 和 高
        # self.screen = pygame.display.set_mode(
        #     (self.settings.screen_width, self.settings.screen_height))
        pygame.display.set_caption("Alien Invasion")

        self.ship = Ship(self)
        self.bullets = pygame.sprite.Group()

    def run_game(self):
        """开始游戏的主循环"""
        while True:
            self._check_events()
            self.ship.update()
            # self.bullets.update()
            self._update_bullets()
            self._update_screen()

    def _check_events(self):
        # 监视键盘和鼠标事件
        for event in pygame.event.get():
            if event.type == pygame.QUIT:  #检测到鼠标点击关闭窗口
                sys.exit()
            # 鼠标按着一直右移
            elif event.type == pygame.KEYDOWN:
                self._check_keydown_events(event)
            # 抬起停止移动
            elif event.type == pygame.KEYUP:
                self._check_keyup_events(event)

    # 代码重构 处理keydown事件
    def _check_keydown_events(self, event):
        """响应按键"""
        if event.key == pygame.K_RIGHT:
            # 向右移动飞船
            self.ship.moving_right = True
        elif event.key == pygame.K_LEFT:
            # 向左移动
            self.ship.moving_left = True
            # 按q键退出游戏
        elif event.key == pygame.K_UP:
            # 向上移动
            self.ship.moving_up = True
        elif event.key == pygame.K_DOWN:
            # 向下移动
            self.ship.moving_down = True
        elif event.key == pygame.K_q:
            sys.exit()
        # 按空格发射子弹
        elif event.key == pygame.K_SPACE:
            self._fire_bullet()

    def _check_keyup_events(self, event):
        """响应松开"""
        if event.key == pygame.K_RIGHT:
            self.ship.moving_right = False
        elif event.key == pygame.K_LEFT:
            self.ship.moving_left = False
        elif event.key == pygame.K_UP:
            self.ship.moving_up = False
        elif event.key == pygame.K_DOWN:
            self.ship.moving_down = False

    def _fire_bullet(self):
        """创建一颗子弹，并将其加入编组bullets中"""
        if len(self.bullets) < self.settings.bullets_allowed:
            new_bullet = Bullet(self)
            self.bullets.add(new_bullet)

    def _update_bullets(self):
        """更新子弹的位置并删除消失的子弹"""
        # 更新子弹的位置
        self.bullets.update()
        # 删除消失的子弹
        for bullet in self.bullets.copy():
            if bullet.rect.bottom <= 0:
                self.bullets.remove(bullet)

    def _update_screen(self):
        # 每次循环时都会重新画屏幕
        self.screen.fill(self.settings.bg_color)

        for bullet in self.bullets.sprites():
            bullet.draw_bullet()
        # 让最近绘制的屏幕可见   不断更新屏幕
        self.ship.blitme()
        pygame.display.flip()


if __name__ == '__main__':

    # 创建游戏实例并运行游戏
    ai = AlienInvasion()
    ai.run_game()

ship.py

# -*- encoding:utf-8 -*-
"""
@作者：ZYH
@文件名：ship.py
@文档说明:  飞船类
"""

import pygame


class Ship:
    """管理飞船的类"""

    def __init__(self, ai_game):
        """初试化飞船并设置其初试值"""
        self.screen = ai_game.screen
        self.screen_rect = ai_game.screen.get_rect()
        self.settings = ai_game.settings

        # 加载飞船的图像并获取其外接矩形
        self.image = pygame.image.load('H:\\py_project\\AlienInvasion\\images\\ship.bmp')
        self.rect = self.image.get_rect()

        # 对于每艘新飞船，都将其放在屏幕的底部中央
        self.rect.midbottom = self.screen_rect.midbottom

        # 在飞船的属性x中存储小数值
        self.x = float(self.rect.x)  # 因为rect只存储整数部分，所以转换为小数
        self.y = float(self.rect.y)
        # 移动标志  上下左右
        self.moving_right = False
        self.moving_left = False
        self.moving_up = False
        self.moving_down = False

    def update(self):
        """根据移动标志调整飞船的位置"""
        # 更新飞船而不是rect对象的x值
        # 防止飞船移动超出屏幕  (左上角 0，0)
        if self.moving_right and self.rect.right < self.screen_rect.right:
            # 向右移动ship_speed个像素
            self.x += self.settings.ship_speed
        if self.moving_left and self.rect.left > 0:
            # 向左移动ship_speed像素
            self.x -= self.settings.ship_speed
        if self.moving_up and self.rect.top > 0:
            # 向上移动
            self.y -= self.settings.ship_speed
        if self.moving_down and self.rect.bottom < self.screen_rect.bottom:
            # 向下移动
            self.y += self.settings.ship_speed
        # 根据self.x更新rect对象
        self.rect.x = self.x
        self.rect.y = self.y

    def blitme(self):
        """在指定的位置绘制飞船"""
        self.screen.blit(self.image, self.rect)

settings.py

# -*- encoding:utf-8 -*-
"""
@作者：ZYH
@文件名：settings.py
@文档说明:飞船设置
"""


class Settings:
    """存储游戏《外星人入侵》中所有设置类"""

    def __init__(self):
        """初始化游戏的设置"""
        # 屏幕设置
        self.screen_width = 1200
        self.screen_height = 800
        self.bg_color = (230, 230, 230)

        # 子弹设置
        self.bullet_speed = 1.0
        self.bullet_width = 3
        self.bullet_height = 15
        self.bullet_color = 60, 60, 60
        self.bullets_allowed = 3

        # 飞船设置
        self.ship_speed = 1.5

bullet.py

# -*- encoding:utf-8 -*-
"""
@作者：ZYH
@文件名：bullet.py
@文档说明: 子弹类
"""

import pygame
from pygame.sprite import Sprite


class Bullet(Sprite):
    """管理飞船所发射子弹的类"""

    def __init__(self, ai_game):
        """在飞船当前位置创建一个子弹对象"""
        super().__init__()
        self.screen = ai_game.screen
        self.settings = ai_game.settings
        self.color = self.settings.bullet_color

        # 在(0, 0) 处创建一个表示子弹的矩形，再设置正确的位置
        self.rect = pygame.Rect(0, 0, self.settings.bullet_width, self.settings.bullet_height)
        self.rect.midtop = ai_game.ship.rect.midtop

        # 存储用小数表示的子弹位置
        self.y = float(self.rect.y)

    def update(self):
        """向上移动子弹"""
        # 更新表示子弹的位置的小数值
        self.y -= self.settings.bullet_speed
        # 更新表示子弹的rect位置
        self.rect.y = self.y

    def draw_bullet(self):
        """画出子弹"""
        pygame.draw.rect(self.screen, self.color, self.rect)

飞船图片