Kafka
**Kafka官网下载安装包
**
Kafka是一种消息队列,主要用来处理大量数据状态下的消息队列,一般用来做日志的处理。
1.1 Kafka的特性:
- 高吞吐量、低延迟:kafka每秒可以处理几十万条消息,它的延迟最低只有几毫秒,每个topic可以分多个partition, consumer group 对partition进行consume操作。
- 可扩展性:kafka集群支持热扩展
- 持久性、可靠性:消息被持久化到本地磁盘,并且支持数据备份防止数据丢失
- 容错性:允许集群中节点失败(若副本数量为n,则允许n-1个节点失败)
- 高并发:支持数千个客户端同时读写
1.2 Kafka的使用场景:
- 日志收集:一个公司可以用Kafka可以收集各种服务的log,通过kafka以统一接口服务的方式开放给各种consumer,例如hadoop、Hbase、Solr等。
- 消息系统:解耦和生产者和消费者、缓存消息等。
- 用户活动跟踪:Kafka经常被用来记录web用户或者app用户的各种活动,如浏览网页、搜索、点击等活动,这些活动信息被各个服务器发布到kafka的topic中,然后订阅者通过订阅这些topic来做实时的监控分析,或者装载到hadoop、数据仓库中做离线分析和挖掘。
- 运营指标:Kafka也经常用来记录运营监控数据。包括收集各种分布式应用的数据,生产各种操作的集中反馈,比如报警和报告。
- 流式处理:比如spark streaming和storm
- 事件源
代码:
生产者Producer:
import org.apache.kafka.clients.producer.KafkaProducer;
import org.apache.kafka.clients.producer.ProducerConfig;
import org.apache.kafka.clients.producer.ProducerRecord;
import org.apache.kafka.common.serialization.IntegerSerializer;
import org.apache.kafka.common.serialization.StringSerializer;
import java.util.Properties;
public class Producer extends Thread {
private final KafkaProducer<Integer, String> producer;
private final String topic;
private final Boolean isAsync;
public Producer(String topic, Boolean isAsync) {
Properties props = new Properties();
props.put(ProducerConfig.BOOTSTRAP_SERVERS_CONFIG, KafkaStarter.KafkaProperties.KAFKA_SERVER_URL + ":" + KafkaStarter.KafkaProperties.KAFKA_SERVER_PORT);
props.put(ProducerConfig.CLIENT_ID_CONFIG, "DemoProducer");
props.put(ProducerConfig.KEY_SERIALIZER_CLASS_CONFIG, IntegerSerializer.class.getName());
props.put(ProducerConfig.VALUE_SERIALIZER_CLASS_CONFIG, StringSerializer.class.getName());
producer = new KafkaProducer<Integer, String>(props);
this.topic = topic;
this.isAsync = isAsync;
}
@Override
public void run() {
int messageNo = (int) System.currentTimeMillis();
String messageStr = "消息:" + messageNo;
try {
producer.send(new ProducerRecord(topic,
messageNo,
messageStr)).get();
System.out.println("发送消息: (" + messageNo + ", " + messageStr + ")");
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
消费者 Consumer:
import kafka.utils.ShutdownableThread;
import org.apache.kafka.clients.consumer.ConsumerConfig;
import org.apache.kafka.clients.consumer.ConsumerRecord;
import org.apache.kafka.clients.consumer.ConsumerRecords;
import org.apache.kafka.clients.consumer.KafkaConsumer;
import java.time.Duration;
import java.util.Collections;
import java.util.Properties;
public class Consumer extends ShutdownableThread {
private final KafkaConsumer<Integer, String> consumer;
private final String topic;
public Consumer(String topic) {
super("KafkaConsumerExample", false);
Properties props = new Properties();
props.put(ConsumerConfig.BOOTSTRAP_SERVERS_CONFIG, KafkaStarter.KafkaProperties.KAFKA_SERVER_URL + ":" + KafkaStarter.KafkaProperties.KAFKA_SERVER_PORT);
props.put(ConsumerConfig.GROUP_ID_CONFIG, "DemoConsumer");
props.put(ConsumerConfig.ENABLE_AUTO_COMMIT_CONFIG, "true");
props.put(ConsumerConfig.AUTO_COMMIT_INTERVAL_MS_CONFIG, "1000");
props.put(ConsumerConfig.SESSION_TIMEOUT_MS_CONFIG, "30000");
props.put(ConsumerConfig.KEY_DESERIALIZER_CLASS_CONFIG, "org.apache.kafka.common.serialization.IntegerDeserializer");
props.put(ConsumerConfig.VALUE_DESERIALIZER_CLASS_CONFIG, "org.apache.kafka.common.serialization.StringDeserializer");
consumer = new KafkaConsumer<Integer, String>(props);
this.topic = topic;
}
@Override
public void doWork() {
consumer.subscribe(Collections.singletonList(this.topic));
ConsumerRecords<Integer, String> records = consumer.poll(Duration.ofSeconds(1));
for (ConsumerRecord<Integer, String> record : records) {
System.out.println("接收消息: message: (" + record.key() + ", " + record.value() + ") at offset " + record.offset());
}
}
@Override
public String name() {
return null;
}
@Override
public boolean isInterruptible() {
return false;
}
}
main方法:
public class KafkaStarter {
public static void main(String[] args) {
Producer producerThread = new Producer(KafkaProperties.TOPIC1, false);
producerThread.start();
try {
producerThread.join();
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
Consumer consumerThread = new Consumer(KafkaProperties.TOPIC1);
consumerThread.start();
}
public class KafkaProperties {
public static final String TOPIC = "111";
public static final String TOPIC1 = "222";
public static final String TOPIC2 = "333";
public static final String KAFKA_SERVER_URL = "localhost";
public static final int KAFKA_SERVER_PORT = 9092;
private KafkaProperties() {
}
}
}
maven依赖:
<dependency>
<groupId>org.apache.kafka</groupId>
<artifactId>kafka_2.12</artifactId>
<version>2.2.1</version>
</dependency>