spring入门例子

• 组件扫描
  @Component：表示这个类须在应用程序中被创建
  @ComponentScan：自动发现应用程序中被创建的类
• 自动装配
  @Autowired:自动满足bean之间的依赖
• 定义配置类
  @Configuration：表示当前类是一个配置类
• 引入Spring单元测试模块
  manvem:junit. spring-test
  @RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
• 加载配置类
  @ContextConfiguration(classes=AppConfig.class)

pom.xml中导入外部依赖

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

    <groupId>com.zh</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring02_xml</artifactId>
    <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>

    <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-context</artifactId>
            <version>4.3.14.RELEASE</version>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>log4j</groupId>
            <artifactId>log4j</artifactId>
            <version>1.2.17</version>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>
</project>

创建MessageService类

package hello;

import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;

/**
 * 打印服务
 */
@Component  //通知Spring容器，应用程序的对象也就是MessageService类的对象未来通过Spring容器自动创建出来，，不需要通过new来创建了。
public class MessageService {
    public MessageService() {
        super();
        System.out.println("MessageSerice......");
    }

    /**
     * 执行打印功能
     * @return 返回打印的字符串
     */
    public String getMessage() {
        return  "Hello World";
    }
}

创建 MessagePrinter类

package hello;

import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;

/**
 * 打印机
 */
@Component
public class MessagePrinter{
    public MessagePrinter() {
        super();
        System.out.println("Messageprint......");
    }

    /**
     * 建立和MessageService的关联关系
     */
    private MessageService service;

    /**
     * 设置service的值
     * @param service
     */
@Autowired//会自动调用setService
    public void setService(MessageService service){
        this.service = service;
    }

    public void printMessage(){
        System.out.println(this.service.getMessage());

    }
}

创建ApplicationSpring主类

package hello;

import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.AnnotationConfigApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.ComponentScan;

@ComponentScan //扫描所有有Component注解的类，自动创建到Spring容器中
public class ApplicationSpring {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        System.out.println("applicationSpring");
//        //创建打印机对象
//        MessagePrinter printer = new MessagePrinter();
//        //创建消息服务对象
//        MessageService service = new MessageService();
//        //设置打印对象的service属性
//        printer.setService(service);
//        //打印消息
//        printer.printMessage();
        //初始化Spring容器
        ApplicationContext context = new AnnotationConfigApplicationContext(ApplicationSpring.class);
        //从容器中获取MessagePrinter对象
        MessagePrinter printer = context.getBean(MessagePrinter.class);
        //从容器中获取MessageService对象
//        MessageService service = context.getBean(MessageService.class);

        System.out.println(printer);
//        System.out.println(service);
        //设置打印对象的service属性
//        printer.setService(service);
        //打印消息
        printer.printMessage();

    }
}