tree.py
from math import log
import operator
# 计算给定数据集的香农熵
def calcShannonEnt(dataSet):
numEntries = len(dataSet)
labelCounts = {}
for featVec in dataSet:
currentLabel = featVec[-1]
if currentLabel not in labelCounts.keys():
labelCounts[currentLabel] = 0
labelCounts[currentLabel] += 1
shannonEnt = 0.0
for key in labelCounts:
prob = float(labelCounts[key]) / numEntries
shannonEnt -= prob * log(prob, 2)
return shannonEnt
def createDataSet():
dataSet = [[1, 1, 'yes'],
[1, 1, 'yes'],
[1, 0, 'no'],
[0, 1, 'no'],
[0, 1, 'no']]
labels = ['no surfacing', 'flippers']
return dataSet, labels
# 按照给定特征划分数据集
def splitDataSet(dataSet, axis, value):
retDataSet = []
for featVec in dataSet:
if featVec[axis] == value:
reduceFeatVec = featVec[:axis]
reduceFeatVec.extend(featVec[axis + 1:])
retDataSet.append(reduceFeatVec)
return retDataSet
# 选择最好的数据集划分方式
def chooseBestFeatureToSplit(dataSet):
numFeatures = len(dataSet[0]) - 1
baseEntropy = calcShannonEnt(dataSet)
bestInfoGain = 0.0;
bestFeature = -1
for i in range(numFeatures):
featList = [example[i] for example in dataSet]
uniqueVals = set(featList)
newEntropy = 0.0
for value in uniqueVals:
subDataSet = splitDataSet(dataSet, i, value)
prob = len(subDataSet) / float(len(dataSet))
newEntropy += prob * calcShannonEnt(subDataSet)
infoGain = baseEntropy - newEntropy
if infoGain > bestInfoGain:
bestInfoGain = infoGain
bestFeature = i
return bestFeature
# 计算出现次数最多的分类名称
def majorityCnt(classList):
classCount = {}
for vote in classList:
if vote not in classCount.keys():
classCount[vote] = 0
classCount[vote] += 1
sortedClassCount = sorted(classCount.iteritems(),
key=operator.itemgetter(1), reverse=True)
return sortedClassCount[0][0]
# 创建树的函数代码
def createTree(dataSet, labels):
classList = [example[-1] for example in dataSet]
# 类别完全相同则停止划分
if classList.count(classList[0]) == len(classList):
return classList[0]
# 只有一个实例
if len(dataSet[0]) == 1:
return majorityCnt(classList)
# 选择最佳的分类属性
bestFeat = chooseBestFeatureToSplit(dataSet)
bestFeatLabel = labels[bestFeat]
myTree = {bestFeatLabel: {}}
del(labels[bestFeat])
featValues = [example[bestFeat] for example in dataSet]
uniqueVales = set(featValues)
for value in uniqueVales:
subLabels = labels[:]
myTree[bestFeatLabel][value] = createTree(splitDataSet(dataSet, bestFeat, value), subLabels)
return myTree
myDat, labels = createDataSet()
mytree = createTree(myDat, labels)
print(mytree)