RSA加密算法（后端）

public class RSA {
    private static final String RSA_ALGORITHM = "RSA";

    /**
     * 生成RSA密钥对
     *
     * @return RSA密钥对
     */
    public static KeyPair generateKeyPair() throws NoSuchAlgorithmException {
        KeyPairGenerator keyPairGenerator = KeyPairGenerator.getInstance(RSA_ALGORITHM);
        keyPairGenerator.initialize(2048); // 密钥大小为2048位
        return keyPairGenerator.generateKeyPair();
    }

    /**
     * 使用公钥加密数据
     *
     * @param data      待加密的数据
     * @param publicKey 公钥
     * @return 加密后的数据
     */
    public static String encrypt(String data, PublicKey publicKey) throws Exception {
        Cipher cipher = Cipher.getInstance(RSA_ALGORITHM);
        cipher.init(Cipher.ENCRYPT_MODE, publicKey);
        byte[] encryptedData = cipher.doFinal(data.getBytes(StandardCharsets.UTF_8));
        return Base64.getEncoder().encodeToString(encryptedData);
    }

    /**
     * 使用私钥解密数据
     *
     * @param encryptedData 加密后的数据
     * @param privateKey    私钥
     * @return 解密后的数据
     */
    public static String decrypt(String encryptedData, PrivateKey privateKey) throws Exception {
        byte[] decodedData = Base64.getDecoder().decode(encryptedData);
        Cipher cipher = Cipher.getInstance(RSA_ALGORITHM);
        cipher.init(Cipher.DECRYPT_MODE, privateKey);
        byte[] decryptedData = cipher.doFinal(decodedData);
        return new String(decryptedData, StandardCharsets.UTF_8);
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
        KeyPair keyPair = generateKeyPair();
        PublicKey publicKey = keyPair.getPublic();
        PrivateKey privateKey = keyPair.getPrivate();

        String data = "Hello World";

        String encryptedData = encrypt(data, publicKey);
        System.out.println("加密后的数据：" + encryptedData);

        String decryptedData = decrypt(encryptedData, privateKey);
        System.out.println("解密后的数据：" + decryptedData);
    }
}