java基本数据结构
基本简介
基本数据类型和三大语句(循环,条件,顺序)这个东西算是所有计算机语言共有的东西,而java又是面对对象语言,所以这些基本数据类型都是类封装出来,可以new出对象的.
首先选择合适的IDE做开发
市面上很多IDE的 Apache基金会的NetBeans,jetbrains的IDEA
还有eclipse基金会的eclipse 还有myeclipse什么的 这些我都用过 说一下个人感受
- Eclipse我用的第一个集成环境,集成很强,提示有点鸡肋,用起来挺僵硬的
- IDEA这个是真香,用了都说好,让你体会到IDE的智能,而且AS(AndroidStudio)也是这公司开发的,还好pychram等(强烈推荐,群内有免费激活码)
- 新人推荐吧,由于你们没有学web,所以再练习的时候想要看见程序的运行,java自带的桌面端(GUI),但是这个代码量确实确实了,前端嘛一般都可以画(如微软的VS) ,所以NetBeans可以给新手门提供很好的代码可视化,以后我会大量借助这个
但是新手之后的web,大家还是要熟悉IDEA
### 基本数据类型
类型(包装类型) | 型别 | 字节 | 取值范围 |
---|---|---|---|
byte(Byte) | 整型 | 1byte | -27 ~ 27-1 |
short (Short) | 整型 | 2byte | -215 ~ 215-1 |
int (Integer) | 整型 | 4byte | -231 ~ 231-1 |
long (Long) | 整型 | 8byte | -263 ~ 263-1 |
float (Float) | 浮点型 | 4byte | 3.402823e+38 ~ 1.401298e-45 |
double (Double) | 浮点型 | 8byte | 1.797693e+308~ 4.9000000e-324 |
char(Character) | 文本型 | 2byte | 0~ 216-1 |
boolean(Boolean) | 布尔型 | 1byte | true/false |
前六个数据类型 都是数字
-
byte,short,int,long都是整数类型,但是都有各自的取值范围,现在我们的计算机内存够大,所以很少考虑这些占用内存的问题,一般都是用的int,如果存不下就是long
-
只有在物联网 或者内存很小的开发时 才注重这四个整形的使用
-
float,double都是浮点型,即可以存小数。
-
char 字符类型为什么取值时数字,那请自行百度 ASCII
-
boolean true/false是和否 这个最好理解
Netbeans基本配置和简单使用大家可以自行百度,或者可加下面群获取
接下来写个小例子
/*
* To change this license header, choose License Headers in Project Properties.
* To change this template file, choose Tools | Templates
* and open the template in the editor.
*/
package com.mycompany.mavenproject2;
/**
*
* @author Excalibur
*/
public class Number extends javax.swing.JFrame {
/**
* Creates new form Number
*/
public Number() {
initComponents();
lblAddition.setText("");
lblSubstraction.setText("");
lblMultiplication.setText("");
lblDivision.setText("");
lblExponential.setText("");
}
/**
* This method is called from within the constructor to initialize the form.
* WARNING: Do NOT modify this code. The content of this method is always
* regenerated by the Form Editor.
*/
@SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
// <editor-fold defaultstate="collapsed" desc="Generated Code">
private void initComponents() {
jButton2 = new javax.swing.JButton();
tilte = new javax.swing.JLabel();
lblMultiplication = new javax.swing.JLabel();
lblSubstraction = new javax.swing.JLabel();
lblAddition = new javax.swing.JLabel();
lblExponential = new javax.swing.JLabel();
lblDivision = new javax.swing.JLabel();
setDefaultCloseOperation(javax.swing.WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
jButton2.setText("执行");
jButton2.addActionListener(new java.awt.event.ActionListener() {
public void actionPerformed(java.awt.event.ActionEvent evt) {
jButton2ActionPerformed(evt);
}
});
tilte.setText("无交互简单计算器");
lblMultiplication.setText("jLabel3");
lblSubstraction.setText("jLabel4");
lblAddition.setText("jLabel5");
lblExponential.setText("jLabel6");
lblDivision.setText("jLabel7");
javax.swing.GroupLayout layout = new javax.swing.GroupLayout(getContentPane());
getContentPane().setLayout(layout);
layout.setHorizontalGroup(
layout.createParallelGroup(javax.swing.GroupLayout.Alignment.LEADING)
.addGroup(javax.swing.GroupLayout.Alignment.TRAILING, layout.createSequentialGroup()
.addContainerGap(javax.swing.GroupLayout.DEFAULT_SIZE, Short.MAX_VALUE)
.addComponent(jButton2, javax.swing.GroupLayout.PREFERRED_SIZE, 94, javax.swing.GroupLayout.PREFERRED_SIZE)
.addGap(127, 127, 127))
.addGroup(layout.createSequentialGroup()
.addGroup(layout.createParallelGroup(javax.swing.GroupLayout.Alignment.LEADING)
.addGroup(layout.createSequentialGroup()
.addGap(147, 147, 147)
.addGroup(layout.createParallelGroup(javax.swing.GroupLayout.Alignment.LEADING)
.addComponent(lblMultiplication)
.addComponent(lblSubstraction)
.addComponent(lblAddition)
.addComponent(lblExponential)
.addComponent(lblDivision)))
.addGroup(layout.createSequentialGroup()
.addGap(113, 113, 113)
.addComponent(tilte)))
.addContainerGap(119, Short.MAX_VALUE))
);
layout.setVerticalGroup(
layout.createParallelGroup(javax.swing.GroupLayout.Alignment.LEADING)
.addGroup(layout.createSequentialGroup()
.addGap(38, 38, 38)
.addComponent(tilte)
.addGap(18, 18, 18)
.addComponent(lblAddition)
.addGap(18, 18, 18)
.addComponent(lblSubstraction)
.addGap(18, 18, 18)
.addComponent(lblMultiplication)
.addGap(18, 18, 18)
.addComponent(lblDivision)
.addGap(18, 18, 18)
.addComponent(lblExponential)
.addGap(51, 51, 51)
.addComponent(jButton2)
.addContainerGap(91, Short.MAX_VALUE))
);
pack();
}// </editor-fold>
private void jButton2ActionPerformed(java.awt.event.ActionEvent evt) {
// TODO add your handling code here:
lblAddition.setText(Integer.toString(10+100));
lblSubstraction.setText(Integer.toString(100-45));
lblMultiplication.setText(Integer.toString(20*30));
lblDivision.setText(Integer.toString(300/30));
lblExponential.setText(Integer.toString((int)Math.pow(8,3)));
}
/**
* @param args the command line arguments
*/
public static void main(String args[]) {
/* Set the Nimbus look and feel */
//<editor-fold defaultstate="collapsed" desc=" Look and feel setting code (optional) ">
/* If Nimbus (introduced in Java SE 6) is not available, stay with the default look and feel.
* For details see http://download.oracle.com/javase/tutorial/uiswing/lookandfeel/plaf.html
*/
try {
for (javax.swing.UIManager.LookAndFeelInfo info : javax.swing.UIManager.getInstalledLookAndFeels()) {
if ("Nimbus".equals(info.getName())) {
javax.swing.UIManager.setLookAndFeel(info.getClassName());
break;
}
}
} catch (ClassNotFoundException ex) {
java.util.logging.Logger.getLogger(Number.class.getName()).log(java.util.logging.Level.SEVERE, null, ex);
} catch (InstantiationException ex) {
java.util.logging.Logger.getLogger(Number.class.getName()).log(java.util.logging.Level.SEVERE, null, ex);
} catch (IllegalAccessException ex) {
java.util.logging.Logger.getLogger(Number.class.getName()).log(java.util.logging.Level.SEVERE, null, ex);
} catch (javax.swing.UnsupportedLookAndFeelException ex) {
java.util.logging.Logger.getLogger(Number.class.getName()).log(java.util.logging.Level.SEVERE, null, ex);
}
//</editor-fold>
/* Create and display the form */
java.awt.EventQueue.invokeLater(new Runnable() {
public void run() {
new Number().setVisible(true);
}
});
}
// Variables declaration - do not modify
private javax.swing.JButton jButton2;
private javax.swing.JLabel lblAddition;
private javax.swing.JLabel lblDivision;
private javax.swing.JLabel lblExponential;
private javax.swing.JLabel lblMultiplication;
private javax.swing.JLabel lblSubstraction;
private javax.swing.JLabel tilte;
// End of variables declaration
}
下面这段为核心代码,其他都是GUI界面的代码.这端大概意思为:将Integer(即int的包装类)数据类型转化为字符串然后显示.
执行前:
点击执行后