1. 字符串创建与初始化
String str = "Hello";
:直接使用双引号创建字符串对象。String str = new String("Hello");
:使用new
关键字创建字符串对象。
2. 字符串长度和字符访问
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int length()
:返回字符串的长度。String str = "Hello"; int len = str.length(); // len = 5
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char charAt(int index)
:返回指定索引位置的字符。String str = "Hello"; char ch = str.charAt(1); // ch = 'e'
3. 字符串比较
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boolean equals(Object another)
:比较字符串内容是否相等。String str1 = "Hello"; String str2 = "Hello"; boolean isEqual = str1.equals(str2); // isEqual = true
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boolean equalsIgnoreCase(String another)
:忽略大小写比较字符串内容是否相等。String str1 = "Hello"; String str2 = "hello"; boolean isEqual = str1.equalsIgnoreCase(str2); // isEqual = true
4. 字符串查找与截取
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int indexOf(String str)
:返回指定子字符串第一次出现的索引位置。String str = "Hello world"; int index = str.indexOf("world"); // index = 6
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String substring(int beginIndex)
:返回从指定索引开始到字符串末尾的子字符串。String str = "Hello world"; String substr = str.substring(6); // substr = "world"
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String substring(int beginIndex, int endIndex)
:返回从指定索引开始到指定索引结束的子字符串(不包含结束索引)。String str = "Hello world"; String substr = str.substring(6, 11); // substr = "world"
5. 字符串替换与修改
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String replace(char oldChar, char newChar)
:替换字符串中所有的指定字符。String str = "Hello"; String replacedStr = str.replace('l', 'z'); // replacedStr = "Hezzo"
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String replace(CharSequence target, CharSequence replacement)
:替换字符串中所有的指定子字符串。String str = "Hello world"; String replacedStr = str.replace("world", "Java"); // replacedStr = "Hello Java"
6. 字符串分割与连接
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String[] split(String regex)
:按指定正则表达式分隔字符串,并返回分割后的字符串数组。String str = "Hello,World"; String[] parts = str.split(","); // parts = ["Hello", "World"]
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String join(CharSequence delimiter, CharSequence... elements)
:使用指定分隔符连接多个字符串。String[] words = {"Hello", "World"}; String joinedStr = String.join(" ", words); // joinedStr = "Hello World"
7. 字符串转换与格式化
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String toLowerCase()
:将字符串转换为小写。String str = "Hello"; String lowerStr = str.toLowerCase(); // lowerStr = "hello"
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String toUpperCase()
:将字符串转换为大写。String str = "Hello"; String upperStr = str.toUpperCase(); // upperStr = "HELLO"
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String format(String format, Object... args)
:使用指定的格式字符串和参数返回格式化的字符串。String formattedStr = String.format("Name: %s, Age: %d", "Alice", 30); // formattedStr = "Name: Alice, Age: 30"
8. 字符串检查与判断
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boolean isEmpty()
:判断字符串是否为空(长度为0)。String str = ""; boolean isEmpty = str.isEmpty(); // isEmpty = true
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boolean startsWith(String prefix)
:判断字符串是否以指定前缀开头。String str = "Hello"; boolean startsWith = str.startsWith("He"); // startsWith = true
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boolean endsWith(String suffix)
:判断字符串是否以指定后缀结尾。String str = "Hello"; boolean endsWith = str.endsWith("lo"); // endsWith = true
9. 字符串去除空白
String trim()
:去除字符串首尾的空白字符(空格、制表符等)。String str = " Hello "; String trimmedStr = str.trim(); // trimmedStr = "Hello"
10. 字符串转换为基本类型
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int parseInt(String s)
:将字符串转换为整数类型。String str = "123"; int num = Integer.parseInt(str); // num = 123
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double parseDouble(String s)
:将字符串转换为双精度浮点数类型。String str = "3.14"; double num = Double.parseDouble(str); // num = 3.14
11. 字符串格式检查
boolean matches(String regex)
:使用正则表达式检查字符串是否匹配。String str = "12345"; boolean isNumeric = str.matches("\\d+"); // isNumeric = true