Codeforces 1342 C. Yet Another Counting Problem(找规律)

在这里插入图片描述

题意:

[ l , r ] [l,r] [l,r] 范围内多少个数满足 ( x % b ) % a ! = ( x % a ) % b (x \% b) \% a != (x \% a) \% b (x%b)%a!=(x%a)%b

一般这种题没什么思路就打表找一下规律。

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可以发现当为 l c m ( a , b ) lcm(a,b) lcm(a,b) 倍数的时候,再连续 b b b 个数字,是那个式子满足相等的。说明循环周期是一个 l c m lcm lcm 。这样规律找到就好写了。

AC代码:

const int N = 40010;
ll a, b, q, lc;
ll s[N];
ll ans;
void init()
{
	rep(i, 1, lc)
		s[i] = s[i - 1] + (i % a % b != i % b % a);//预处理
}

ll cal(ll x)
{
	return s[lc] * (x / lc) + s[x % lc];
}

int main()
{
	int t;
	sd(t);
	while (t--)
	{
		slddd(a, b, q);
		lc = lcm(a, b);
		init();
		while (q--)
		{
			int l, r;
			sdd(l, r);
			ans = cal(r) - cal(l - 1);
			printf("%lld ", ans);
		}
		printf("\n");
	}
	return 0;
}
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The problem statement can be found at Codeforces website. Approach: Let's start by looking at some examples: - 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 → No moves needed. - 2, 1, 3, 5, 4 → One move needed: swap index 1 and 2. - 5, 4, 3, 2, 1 → Two moves needed: swap index 1 and 5, then swap index 2 and 4. We can observe that in order to minimize the number of moves, we need to sort the array in non-descending order and keep track of the number of swaps we make. We can use bubble sort to sort the array and count the number of swaps. Let's see how bubble sort works: - Start from the first element, compare it with the second element, and swap them if the second element is smaller. - Move to the second element, compare it with the third element, and swap them if the third element is smaller. - Continue this process until the second-to-last element. At this point, the largest element is in the last position. - Repeat the above process for the remaining elements, but exclude the last position. In each iteration of the above process, we can count the number of swaps made. Therefore, the total number of swaps needed to sort the array can be obtained by summing up the number of swaps made in each iteration. Implementation: We can implement the above approach using a simple bubble sort algorithm. Here's the code: - First, we read the input array and store it in a vector. - We define a variable to keep track of the total number of swaps made and set it to 0. - We run a loop from the first element to the second-to-last element. - In each iteration of the above loop, we run another loop from the first element to the second-to-last element minus the current iteration index. - In each iteration of the inner loop, we compare the current element with the next element and swap them if the next element is smaller. - If a swap is made, we increment the total number of swaps made. - Finally, we output the total number of swaps made. Time Complexity: The time complexity of bubble sort is O(n^2). Therefore, the overall time complexity of the solution is O(n^2). Space Complexity: We are using a vector to store the input array. Therefore, the space complexity of the solution is O(n). Let's see the implementation of the solution.

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