Java GUI编程学习笔记

最新推荐文章于 2024-11-08 14:58:24 发布

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最新推荐文章于 2024-11-08 14:58:24 发布

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文章标签： gui java awt

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/qq_43632414/article/details/114294441

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1、简介

GUI的核心技术：Swing AWT（这两个类）

为什么不被广泛应用？

1.因为界面不美观

2.需要jre环境！

为什么还要学习？

1.可以写出一些小工具

2.工作时候，也可能许哟啊维护到swing界面，概率极小！

2.了解MVC架构，了解监听！

2、AWT

2.1、Awt介绍

1.包含了很多类和接口 GUI：（图形用户界面编程）

2.元素：窗口、按钮、文本框

3.java.awt

2.2、组件和容器

(1).Frame

import java.awt.*;

   //GUI的第一个界面
  public class TestFrameDemo1 {

    public static void main(String[] args) {

    //窗口是frame对象
                     Frame frame = new Frame("新的一天开始了");

     //窗口可视化
                      frame.setVisible(true);

     //设置窗口大小
                    frame.setSize(400,400);

     //设置窗口颜色
                   frame.setBackground(new Color(1, 253, 173));

     //弹出初始位置
                 frame.setLocation(200,200);

     //设置窗口大小固定
                 frame.setResizable(false);
                     }

  }

运行结果

问题：发现窗口关闭不掉，停止java程序！

回顾封装

import java.awt.*;

//弹出多个界面
public class TestFrameDemo02 {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        MyFrame myFrame1 = new MyFrame(100, 100, 200, 200, Color.black);
        MyFrame myFrame2 = new MyFrame(300, 100, 200, 200, Color.blue);
        MyFrame myFrame3 = new MyFrame(100, 300, 200, 200, Color.white);
        MyFrame myFrame4 = new MyFrame(300, 300, 200, 200, Color.yellow);
    }
}
class MyFrame extends Frame{
    static int id = 0;//可能存在多个窗口，需要一个计数器

    public MyFrame(int x,int y,int w,int h,Color color){
        super("新的一天开始了");
        setBounds(x,y,w,h);
        setBackground(color);
        setVisible(true);
    }
}

(2).面板 Panel

解决了关闭事件

import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.WindowAdapter;
import java.awt.event.WindowEvent;

//Panel 可以看成是一个空间，但是不能单独存在，是内嵌在Frame窗口中的
public class TestPanelDemo03 {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Frame frame = new Frame();

        Panel panel = new Panel();
        //设置布局
        frame.setLayout(null);
        //坐标和窗口背景颜色
        frame.setBounds(300,300,300,300);
        frame.setBackground(new Color(253, 149,1));

        panel.setBounds(20,20,100,100);
        panel.setBackground(new Color(253, 200, 1));

        frame.add(panel);
        frame.setVisible(true);

        //监听事件，监听窗口关闭事件 System.exit(0)
        //适配器模式
        frame.addWindowListener(new WindowAdapter() {
            //窗口点击关闭时做的事情
            @Override
            public void windowClosing(WindowEvent e) {
                //结束程序
                System.exit(0);
            }
        });

    }
}

2.3布局管理器

(1)流式布局

    import java.awt.*;
    import java.awt.event.WindowAdapter;
    import java.awt.event.WindowEvent;

    public class TestFlowLayoutDemo04 {
        public static void main(String[] args) {
            Frame frame = new Frame("尝试按钮");
            //组件：按钮
            Button button1 = new Button("Button1");
            Button button2 = new Button("button2");
            Button button3 = new Button("Button3");
            //设置为流式布局
            //frame.setLayout(new FlowLayout());
            frame.setLayout(new FlowLayout(FlowLayout.LEFT));
            frame.setSize(300,300);
            frame.setLocation(400,400);
            //把按钮添加上去
            frame.add(button1);
            frame.add(button2);
            frame.add(button3);

            frame.setVisible(true);
            frame.addWindowListener(new WindowAdapter() {
                @Override
                public void windowClosing(WindowEvent e) {
                    System.exit(0);
                }
            });
        }
    }

运行截图

[外链图片转存失败,源站可能有防盗链机制,建议将图片保存下来直接上传(img-800dFMVa-1614856570787)(C:\Users\帅气的影山瑞\AppData\Roaming\Typora\typora-user-images\image-20210301200604644.png)]

(2)东西南北中

import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.WindowAdapter;
import java.awt.event.WindowEvent;

public class TestBorderLayoutDemo05 {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Frame frame = new Frame();

        Button east = new Button("East");
        Button west = new Button("West");
        Button south = new Button("South");
        Button north = new Button("North");
        Button center = new Button("Center");

        frame.add(east,BorderLayout.EAST);
        frame.add(west,BorderLayout.WEST);
        frame.add(south,BorderLayout.SOUTH);
        frame.add(north,BorderLayout.NORTH);
        frame.add(center,BorderLayout.CENTER);

        frame.setBounds(300,300,300,300);

        frame.setVisible(true);

        frame.addWindowListener(new WindowAdapter() {
            @Override
            public void windowClosing(WindowEvent e) {
                System.exit(0);
            }
        });
    }
}

运行截图

[外链图片转存失败,源站可能有防盗链机制,建议将图片保存下来直接上传(img-b9WyjeyY-1614856570789)(C:\Users\帅气的影山瑞\AppData\Roaming\Typora\typora-user-images\image-20210301200635617.png)]

(3)表格布局 Gird

import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.WindowAdapter;
import java.awt.event.WindowEvent;

public class TestGridLayout {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Frame frame = new Frame();

        Button button1 = new Button("button1");
        Button button2 = new Button("button2");
        Button button3 = new Button("button3");
        Button button4 = new Button("button4");
        Button button5 = new Button("button5");
        Button button6 = new Button("button6");

        frame.setLayout(new GridLayout(3,2));

        frame.setBounds(400,400,400,400);
        frame.add(button1);
        frame.add(button2);
        frame.add(button3);
        frame.add(button4);
        frame.add(button5);
        frame.add(button6);
        
        frame.pack();//是一个Java函数，他会生成一个最优的布局 形式（有时候不一定需要使用
        			//有pack（）可以不需要设置setBounds，它会自动生成
        frame.setVisible(true);
        frame.addWindowListener(new WindowAdapter() {
            @Override
            public void windowClosing(WindowEvent e) {
                System.exit(0);
            }
        });


    }
}

代码：

import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.WindowAdapter;
import java.awt.event.WindowEvent;

public class Demo08TestPractice {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        //总窗口
        Frame frame = new Frame();
        frame.setLayout(new GridLayout(2,1));
        frame.setBounds(300,400,400,300);
        frame.setBackground(new Color(1,30,3));
        frame.setVisible(true);
        frame.setLayout(new GridLayout(2,1));
        //四个面板
        Panel panel1 = new Panel(new BorderLayout());
        Panel panel2 = new Panel(new GridLayout(2,1));
        Panel panel3 = new Panel(new BorderLayout());
        Panel panel4 = new Panel(new GridLayout(2,1));

        panel1.add(new Button("East-1"),BorderLayout.EAST);
        panel1.add(new Button("West-1"),BorderLayout.WEST);
        panel2.add(new Button("p2j-1"));
        panel2.add(new Button("p2j-2"));
        panel1.add(panel2,BorderLayout.CENTER);

        panel3.add(new Button("East-2"),BorderLayout.EAST);
        panel3.add(new Button("West-2"),BorderLayout.WEST);
        for (int i = 0; i < 4; i++) {
            panel4.add(new Button("for"+i));
        }
        panel3.add(panel4,BorderLayout.CENTER);

        frame.add(panel1);
        frame.add(panel3);

        frame.addWindowListener(new WindowAdapter() {
            @Override
            public void windowClosing(WindowEvent e) {
                System.exit(0);
            }
        });

    }
}

总结：

1.Frame是一个顶级窗口

2.Panel无法单独显示，必须添加到某个容器中

3.布局管理器

（1）流式

（2）东西南北中

（3）表格

4.大小（setSize）定位（setLaction）背景颜色（setBackground）可见性（setVisible）监听（addWindowListener(new WindowAdapter)

2.4事件监听

事件监听：按下按钮发生一些事情

import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.ActionEvent;
import java.awt.event.ActionListener;
import java.awt.event.WindowAdapter;
import java.awt.event.WindowEvent;

public class Demo08TestActionEvent {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        //按下按钮时触发一些事件
        Frame frame = new Frame();

        Button button = new Button();

        //因为，addActionListener()需要一个ActionListener，所以我们构造一个ActionListener
//        button.addActionListener(new ActionListener() {
//            @Override
//            public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
//                System.out.println("aaa");
//            }
//        });

        MyActionListener myActionListener = new MyActionListener();
        button.addActionListener(myActionListener);
        frame.add(button,BorderLayout.CENTER);

        frame.pack();
        windowClose(frame);
        frame.setVisible(true);

    }
    //关闭窗口的事件
    private static void windowClose(Frame frame){
        frame.addWindowListener(new WindowAdapter() {
            @Override
            public void windowClosing(WindowEvent e) {
                System.exit(0);
            }
        });
    }
}
//事件监听
class MyActionListener implements ActionListener{

    @Override
    public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
        System.out.println("aaa");
    }
}

多个按钮控制同一个事件（监听）

import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.ActionEvent;
import java.awt.event.ActionListener;

public class Demo09TestActionEventTwo {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        //两个按钮实现同一个监听
        //开始  -   停止
        Frame frame = new Frame();
        Button button1 = new Button("start");
        Button button2 = new Button("stop");
        //如果不显示定义会走默认的值
        button2.setActionCommand("button2-stop");
        //可以多个按钮只写一个监听类
        MyMoniter myMoniter = new MyMoniter();
        button1.addActionListener(myMoniter);

        MyMoniter myMoniter1 = new MyMoniter();
        button2.addActionListener(myMoniter1);

        frame.add(button1,BorderLayout.EAST);
        frame.add(button2,BorderLayout.WEST);

        frame.pack();
        frame.setVisible(true);

    }
}
class MyMoniter implements ActionListener{

    @Override
    public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
        //e.getActionCommand()获得按钮信息
        System.out.println("按钮被点击了：msg"+e.getActionCommand());
    }
}

2.5输入框TextField监听

import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.ActionEvent;
import java.awt.event.ActionListener;
import java.awt.event.WindowAdapter;
import java.awt.event.WindowEvent;

public class Demo10TestTextField {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        //正常写代码main方法里面只管启动
        new MyFrame1();
    }
}
class MyFrame1 extends Frame {
    public MyFrame1(){
        TextField textField = new TextField();
        add(textField);

        //监听这个文本框输入的文字
        MyActionListener1 myActionListener1 = new MyActionListener1();
        //按下enter 就会触发这个输入框的事件
        textField.addActionListener(myActionListener1);

        //设置替换编码
        textField.setEchoChar('*');
        pack();
        addWindowListener(new WindowAdapter() {
            @Override
            public void windowClosing(WindowEvent e) {
                System.exit(0);
            }
        });
        setVisible(true);
    }
}
class MyActionListener1 implements ActionListener {

    @Override
    public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
        TextField field = (TextField) e.getSource();//获得一些资源,返回的一个对象
        System.out.println(field.getText());
        field.setText("");//null ""
    }
}

2.6简易计算机（组合+内部类回顾复习）

初始代码

import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.ActionEvent;
import java.awt.event.ActionListener;
import java.awt.event.WindowAdapter;
import java.awt.event.WindowEvent;

public class Demo11TestCalc {
    //简易计算机
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        new Calculator();
    }
}
class Calculator extends Frame {
    public Calculator(){
        // 3 个文本框
        TextField t1 = new TextField(10);
        TextField t2 = new TextField(10);
        TextField t3 = new TextField(20);

        //一个按钮
        Button button = new Button("=");
        MyCalculatorListener myCalculatorListener = new MyCalculatorListener(t1,t2,t3);
        button.addActionListener(myCalculatorListener);

        //一个标签
        Label label = new Label("+");

        setLayout(new FlowLayout());
        add(t1);
        add(label);
        add(t2);
        add(button);
        add(t3);

        pack();
        setVisible(true);
        addWindowListener(new WindowAdapter() {
            @Override
            public void windowClosing(WindowEvent e) {
                System.exit(0);
            }
        });
    }
}
class MyCalculatorListener implements ActionListener{
    private TextField t1, t2, t3;
    public MyCalculatorListener(TextField t1, TextField t2, TextField t3){
        this.t1 = t1;
        this.t2 = t2;
        this.t3 = t3;
    }
    @Override
    public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
        //获得加数和被加数
        int n1 = Integer.parseInt(t1.getText());
        int n2 = Integer.parseInt(t2.getText());

        //将这个值 + 加法运算算后放到第三个框中
        t3.setText(""+(n1+n2));

        //3.清除前两个框
        t1.setText("");
        t2.setText("");
    }
}

完全改造为面向对象的写法

import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.ActionEvent;
import java.awt.event.ActionListener;
import java.awt.event.WindowAdapter;
import java.awt.event.WindowEvent;

public class Demo11TestCalc {
    //简易计算机
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        new Calculator();
    }
}
class Calculator extends Frame {

    //属性
    TextField t1,t2,t3;
    public Calculator(){
        // 3 个文本框
         t1 = new TextField(10);
         t2 = new TextField(10);
         t3 = new TextField(20);

        //一个按钮
        Button button = new Button("=");
        MyCalculatorListener myCalculatorListener = new MyCalculatorListener(this);
        button.addActionListener(myCalculatorListener);

        //一个标签
        Label label = new Label("+");

        setLayout(new FlowLayout());
        add(t1);
        add(label);
        add(t2);
        add(button);
        add(t3);

        pack();
        setVisible(true);
        addWindowListener(new WindowAdapter() {
            @Override
            public void windowClosing(WindowEvent e) {
                System.exit(0);
            }
        });
    }
}
class MyCalculatorListener implements ActionListener{
    Calculator calculator;
    public MyCalculatorListener(Calculator calculator){
       this.calculator = calculator;
    }
    @Override
    public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
        //获得加数和被加数
        int n1 = Integer.parseInt(calculator.t1.getText());
        int n2 = Integer.parseInt(calculator.t2.getText());

        //将这个值 + 加法运算算后放到第三个框中
        calculator.t3.setText(""+(n1+n2));

        //3.清除前两个框
        calculator.t1.setText("");
        calculator.t2.setText("");
    }
}

内部类：

（1）更好的包装

//内部类

import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.ActionEvent;
import java.awt.event.ActionListener;
import java.awt.event.WindowAdapter;
import java.awt.event.WindowEvent;

public class Demo11TestCalc {
    //简易计算机
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        new Calculator();
    }
}
class Calculator extends Frame {

    //属性
    TextField t1,t2,t3;
    public Calculator(){
        // 3 个文本框
        t1 = new TextField(10);
        t2 = new TextField(10);
        t3 = new TextField(20);

        //一个按钮
        Button button = new Button("=");
        //内部类的最大好处就是可以畅通无阻的访问外部类的属性和方法！
        button.addActionListener(new MyCalculatorListener());

        //一个标签
        Label label = new Label("+");

        setLayout(new FlowLayout());
        add(t1);
        add(label);
        add(t2);
        add(button);
        add(t3);

        pack();
        setVisible(true);
        addWindowListener(new WindowAdapter() {
            @Override
            public void windowClosing(WindowEvent e) {
                System.exit(0);
            }
        });
    }
    //内部类
    private class MyCalculatorListener implements ActionListener{
        @Override
        public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
            //获得加数和被加数
            int n1 = Integer.parseInt(t1.getText());
            int n2 = Integer.parseInt(t2.getText());

            //将这个值 + 加法运算算后放到第三个框中
            t3.setText(""+(n1+n2));

            //3.清除前两个框
            t1.setText("");
            t2.setText("");
        }
    }
}

2.7画笔

import java.awt.*;

public class Demo12TestPaint {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        new MyPaint().loadFrame();
    }
}
class MyPaint extends Frame{
    public void loadFrame(){
        setBounds(200,200,600,400);
        setVisible(true);
    }
    //画笔
    @Override
    public void paint(Graphics g) {
        //画笔需要有颜色，画笔可以画画
        g.setColor(Color.BLUE);
        g.drawRect(200,200,500,100);
        g.fillOval(300,300,101,101);
        //养成习惯，画笔用完还原他最初的颜色
    }
}

2.8鼠标监听

目的：实现鼠标画画

[外链图片转存失败,源站可能有防盗链机制,建议将图片保存下来直接上传(img-MZE7LuuU-1614856570794)(C:\Users\帅气的影山瑞\AppData\Roaming\Typora\typora-user-images\image-20210303193412832.png)]

import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.MouseAdapter;
import java.awt.event.MouseEvent;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Iterator;

//鼠标监听事件
public class Demo13TestMouseListener {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        new MyFrame2("画图");
    }
}
//自己的类
class MyFrame2 extends Frame{
    ArrayList points;
    //画画需要画笔，需要监听鼠标当前的位置，需要集合来存储这个点
    public MyFrame2(String name){
        super(name);
        this.setBounds(200,200,400,300);
        //存鼠标点击的点
        points = new ArrayList();
        //鼠标监听器，是针对窗口而言
        addMouseListener(new MymouseListener());
        setVisible(true);

    }

    @Override
    public void paint(Graphics g) {
        //画画监听鼠标事件
        //引入迭代器
        Iterator iterator = points.iterator();
        while( iterator.hasNext()){
            Point point = (Point) iterator.next();
            g.setColor(Color.BLUE);
            g.fillOval(point.x,point.y,10,10);
        }

    }
    public void addPaint(Point point){
        points.add(point);
    }
    //适配器模式
    private class MymouseListener extends MouseAdapter {
        //按下，弹起，按住不放

        @Override
        public void mousePressed(MouseEvent e) {
            MyFrame2 myFrame = (MyFrame2) e.getSource();
            //点击的时候就会在界面上产生一个点！
            //这个点就是鼠标的点
            myFrame.addPaint( new Point(e.getX(), e.getY()));
            myFrame.repaint();//刷新 
        }
    }
}

2.9窗口监听

import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.WindowAdapter;
import java.awt.event.WindowEvent;
import java.sql.SQLOutput;

public class Demo14TestWindowListener {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        new MyFrame01();
    }
}
class MyFrame01 extends Frame {
    public MyFrame01(){
        setBounds(200,200,200,200);
        setBackground(Color.cyan);
        setVisible(true);
        addWindowListener(new WindowAdapter() {
            //关闭窗口
            @Override
            public void windowClosing(WindowEvent e) {
                System.out.println("windowClosing");
            }
            //激活窗口
            @Override
            public void windowActivated(WindowEvent e) {
                MyFrame2 source = (MyFrame2) e.getSource();
                source.setTitle("被激活了");
                System.out.println("WindowActivated");
            }

        });
    }
}

2.10键盘监听

import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.KeyAdapter;
import java.awt.event.KeyEvent;

public class Demo15TestKeyListener {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        new MyKeyListener();
    }
}
class MyKeyListener extends Frame{
    public MyKeyListener(){
        setBounds(200,200,220,220);
        setVisible(true);
        this.addKeyListener( new KeyAdapter() {
            @Override
            public void keyPressed(KeyEvent e) {
                int keyCode = e.getKeyCode();//不需要去记录这个数值，直接使用静态属性 VK_XXX
                System.out.println(keyCode);
                if (keyCode == KeyEvent.VK_UP){
                    System.out.println("你按下了上键");
                }
            }
        });
    }

3、Swing

3.1窗口、面板

package Swing;

import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.*;

public class Demo01Jframe {
    public void init(){
        //顶级窗口JFrame
        JFrame jf = new JFrame();
        jf.setBounds(100,100,200,200);
        jf.setVisible(true);

        JLabel jLabel = new JLabel("欢迎来到624");
        jf.add(jLabel);
        Container contenter = jf.getContentPane();
        contenter.setBackground(new Color(3,33,225));
        //让标签文本居中
        jLabel.setHorizontalAlignment(SwingConstants.CENTER);
        //关闭事件
        jf.setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
    }
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        //建立一个窗口
        new Demo01Jframe().init();
    }
}

3.2弹窗

JDialog,用来弹出，默认就有关闭事件！

package Swing;

import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.ActionEvent;
import java.awt.event.ActionListener;

//主窗口
public class Demo02Dialog extends JFrame {
    public void init(){
        setVisible(true);
        setSize(300,300);
        setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
        //JFrame放东西，容器
        Container container = getContentPane();
        //绝对布局
        container.setLayout(null);
        //按钮
        JButton button = new JButton("点击出现弹窗");//创建
        button.setBounds(30,30,200,50);
        button.addActionListener(new ActionListener() {
            @Override
            public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
                new MyDialog();
            }
        });
        container.add(button);
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        new Demo02Dialog().init();
    }
}
//弹出窗口
class MyDialog extends JDialog{
    public MyDialog(){
        setVisible(true);
        setSize(300,200);
        //弹窗默认自带关闭程序

        Container containter = getContentPane();
        JLabel label = new JLabel("这是一个弹窗");
        label.setHorizontalAlignment(SwingConstants.CENTER);
        containter.add(label);

    }
}

3.3标签

Label

new JLable("XXXXX");

图标ICON

package Swing;

import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.*;

//图标，需要实现类， Frame继承
public class Demo03Icon extends JFrame implements Icon {
    private int width;
    private int height;
    public Demo03Icon(){

    }

    public Demo03Icon(int width, int height){
        this.height = height;
        this.width = width;
    }
    public void init(){
        Demo03Icon icon = new Demo03Icon(15, 15);
        //图标放在标签上（也可以放在其他地方)
        JLabel label = new JLabel("iconText", icon, SwingConstants.CENTER);

        Container container = getContentPane();
        container.add(label);

        setVisible(true);
        setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
    }

    @Override
    public void paintIcon(Component c, Graphics g, int x, int y) {
        g.fillOval(x,y,width,height);
    }

    @Override
    public int getIconWidth() {
        return this.width;
    }

    @Override
    public int getIconHeight() {
        return this.height;
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        new Demo03Icon().init();
    }
}

3.4面板

JPanel

package Swing;

import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.*;

public class Demo05JPanel extends JFrame {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        new Demo05JPanel();
    }
    public Demo05JPanel(){
        Container container = getContentPane();
        container.setLayout(new GridLayout(2,2,10,10));//后面参数的意思是间距
        JPanel jpanel1 = new JPanel(new GridLayout(2,1));
        JPanel jpanel2 = new JPanel(new GridLayout(1,3));
        JPanel jpanel3 = new JPanel(new GridLayout(3,1));
        JPanel jpanel4 = new JPanel(new GridLayout(2,2));

        jpanel1.add(new JButton("1"));
        jpanel1.add(new JButton("2"));
        jpanel2.add(new JButton("3"));
        jpanel2.add(new JButton("4"));
        jpanel2.add(new JButton("5"));
        jpanel3.add(new JButton("6"));
        jpanel3.add(new JButton("7"));
        jpanel3.add(new JButton("8"));
        jpanel4.add(new JButton("9"));
        jpanel4.add(new JButton("10"));
        jpanel4.add(new JButton("11"));
        jpanel4.add(new JButton("12"));

        container.add(jpanel1);
        container.add(jpanel2);
        container.add(jpanel3);
        container.add(jpanel4);

        setVisible(true);
        setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);

    }
}

JScrollPanel(可以滚动的面板)

package Swing;

import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.*;

public class Demo06JScrollPanel extends JFrame {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        new Demo06JScrollPanel();
    }

    public Demo06JScrollPanel() {
        Container container = getContentPane();

        //文本域
        JTextArea area = new JTextArea(20,50);
        //设置默认文本
        area.setText("mikasa");
        JScrollPane jScrollPane = new JScrollPane(area);
        container.add(jScrollPane);
        setVisible(true);
        setBounds(200,200,300,340);
        setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
    }
}

3.5按钮

(1)图片按钮

import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.*;
import java.net.URL;

public class Demo07JButtonIcon extends JFrame {
    public Demo07JButtonIcon() {
        Container container = getContentPane();
        URL icon = Demo07JButtonIcon.class.getResource("tupian.jpg");
        ImageIcon imageIcon = new ImageIcon(icon);
        JButton jButton = new JButton(imageIcon);
        container.add(jButton);
        setVisible(true);
        setBounds(200,200,300,300);
        setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        new Demo07JButtonIcon();
    }
}

(2)单选按钮（单选框JRadioButton）

package Swing;

import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.*;

public class Demo08JRadioButton extends JFrame {
    public Demo08JRadioButton() {
        Container container = getContentPane();

        JRadioButton button1 = new JRadioButton("radioButton-1");
        JRadioButton button2 = new JRadioButton("radioButton-2");
        JRadioButton button3 = new JRadioButton("radioButton-3");

        ButtonGroup group = new ButtonGroup();
        group.add(button1);
        group.add(button2);
        group.add(button3);
        container.add(button1,BorderLayout.NORTH);
        container.add(button2,BorderLayout.CENTER);
        container.add(button3,BorderLayout.SOUTH);
        setVisible(true);
        setBounds(200,200,300,300);
        setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        new Demo08JRadioButton();
    }
}

(3)复选按钮(复选框CheckBox)

package Swing;

import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.*;

public class Demo09CheckBox extends JFrame {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        new Demo09CheckBox();
    }

    public Demo09CheckBox() {
        Container container = getContentPane();

        Checkbox checkbox1 = new Checkbox("checkbox");
        Checkbox checkbox2 = new Checkbox("checkbox");

        container.add(checkbox1,BorderLayout.NORTH);
        container.add(checkbox2,BorderLayout.SOUTH);

        setVisible(true);
        setBounds(200,200,390,200);
        setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);


    }
}

3.6列表

（1）下拉框

combobox 下拉列表框

package Swing;

import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.*;

public class Demo10Combobox extends JFrame {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        new Demo10Combobox();
    }

    public Demo10Combobox(){
        Container container = getContentPane();

        JComboBox status = new JComboBox();
        
        status.addItem("火影忍者");
        status.addItem("野良神");
        status.addItem("海贼王");
        container.add(status);
        setVisible(true);
        setSize(300,250);
        setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
    }
}

（2）列表框

package Swing;

import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.*;
import java.util.Vector;

public class Demo11JList extends JFrame {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        new Demo11JList();
    }
    public Demo11JList() {
        Container container = getContentPane();
        //生成列表的内容
        //String[] contains = {"1","2","3"};
        Vector contains = new Vector();
        JList jList = new JList(contains);

        contains.add("胡成");
        contains.add("zzw");
        contains.add("谭腾达");

        container.add(jList);
        setVisible(true);
        setSize(200,200);
        setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
    }
}

3.7文本框

（1）文本框

package Swing;

import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.*;

public class Demo12TextField extends JFrame {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        new Demo12TextField();
    }

    public Demo12TextField() {
        Container container = getContentPane();
        JTextField textField1 = new JTextField("hello!");
        JTextField textField2 = new JTextField("world",20);
        container.add(textField1,BorderLayout.NORTH);
        container.add(textField2,BorderLayout.SOUTH);
        setVisible(true);
        setSize(300,200);
        setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
    }
}

（2）密码框

package Swing;

import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.*;

public class Demo13PasswordField extends JFrame {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        new Demo13PasswordField();
    }

    public Demo13PasswordField() {
        Container container = getContentPane();
        JPasswordField passwordField = new JPasswordField();//.....
        passwordField.setEchoChar('*');

        container.add(passwordField);

        setVisible(true);
        setSize(400,400);
        setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
    }
}

（3）文本域

package Swing;

import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.*;

public class Demo06JScrollPanel extends JFrame {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        new Demo06JScrollPanel();
    }

    public Demo06JScrollPanel() {
        Container container = getContentPane();

        //文本域
        JTextArea area = new JTextArea(20,50);
        //设置默认文本
        area.setText("mikasa");
        JScrollPane jScrollPane = new JScrollPane(area);
        container.add(jScrollPane);
        setVisible(true);
        setBounds(200,200,300,340);
        setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
    }
}