利用Matplotlib画图并保存时出现空白图案。
import pandas as pd
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
# Import Data
df = pd.read_csv('https://github.com/selva86/datasets/raw/master/AirPassengers.csv')
# Draw Plot
plt.figure(figsize=(16,10), dpi= 80)
plt.plot('date', 'value', data=df, color='tab:red')
# Decoration
plt.ylim(50, 750)
xtick_location = df.index.tolist()[::12]
xtick_labels = [x[-4:] for x in df.date.tolist()[::12]]
plt.xticks(xtick_location, xtick_labels, rotation=0, fontsize=12, horizontalalignment='center', alpha=.7)
plt.yticks(fontsize=12, alpha=.7)
plt.title("Air Passengers Traffic (1949 - 1969)", fontsize=22)
plt.grid(axis='both', alpha=.3)
# Remove borders
plt.gca().spines["top"].set_alpha(0.0)
plt.gca().spines["bottom"].set_alpha(0.3)
plt.gca().spines["right"].set_alpha(0.0)
plt.gca().spines["left"].set_alpha(0.3)
plt.show()
plt.savefig("examples.jpg")
此时会发现保存到当前文件夹的examples.jpg文件是一个空白图片,其主要原因就在于:在 plt.show() 后调用了 plt.savefig() ,在 plt.show() 后实际上已经创建了一个新的空白的图片(坐标轴),这时候你再 plt.savefig() 就会保存这个新生成的空白图片。
解决方案
- 将保存savefig放在展示show前面:
plt.savefig("examples.jpg")
plt.show()
- 画图的时候获取当前图像(这一点非常类似于 Matlab 的句柄的概念)
import pandas as pd
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
# Import Data
df = pd.read_csv('https://github.com/selva86/datasets/raw/master/AirPassengers.csv')
# Draw Plot
plt.figure(figsize=(16,10), dpi= 80)
plt.plot('date', 'value', data=df, color='tab:red')
# Decoration
plt.ylim(50, 750)
xtick_location = df.index.tolist()[::12]
xtick_labels = [x[-4:] for x in df.date.tolist()[::12]]
plt.xticks(xtick_location, xtick_labels, rotation=0, fontsize=12, horizontalalignment='center', alpha=.7)
plt.yticks(fontsize=12, alpha=.7)
plt.title("Air Passengers Traffic (1949 - 1969)", fontsize=22)
plt.grid(axis='both', alpha=.3)
# Remove borders
plt.gca().spines["top"].set_alpha(0.0)
plt.gca().spines["bottom"].set_alpha(0.3)
plt.gca().spines["right"].set_alpha(0.0)
plt.gca().spines["left"].set_alpha(0.3)
# plt.savefig("examples.jpg")
fig = plt.gcf()
plt.show()
fig.savefig("examples.jpg")