2023.4.13 python学习记录（学生信息管理系统以及打包为exe可执行文件）

import os.path

filename = 'student.txt'
def main():
    while True:
        menum()
        choice = int(input('请选择:'))
        if choice in [0,1,2,3,4,5,6,7]:
            if choice==0:
                answer=input('确定退出系统？y/n')
                if answer=='y' or answer=='Y':
                    print('感谢使用')
                    break
                else:
                    continue
            elif choice==1:
                insert()
            elif choice==2:
                search()
            elif choice==3:
                delect()
            elif choice==4:
                modify()
            elif choice==5:
                sort()
            elif choice==6:
                total()
            elif choice==7:
                show()

def menum():
    print('=========学生信息管理系统=========')
    print('         1.录入学生信息')
    print('         2.查找学生信息')
    print('         3.删除学生信息')
    print('         4.修改学生信息')
    print('         5.排序学生信息')
    print('         6.统计学生信息')
    print('         7.显示学生信息')
    print('         0.退出学生信息')
    print('-------------------------------')

def insert():
    student_list = []
    while True:
        id = input('请输入ID(如1001)：')
        if not id:
            break
        name = input("请输入姓名：")
        if not name:
            break

        try:
            english = int(input('请输入英语成绩：'))
            python = int(input('请输入python成绩：'))
            java = int(input('请输入java成绩：'))
        except:
            print('输入无效请重新输入')
            continue
        student = {'id':id,'name':name,'english':english,'python':python,'java':java}
        student_list.append(student)
        answer = input('是否继续添加y/n\n')
        if answer=='y':
            continue
        else:
            break

    save(student_list)
    print('学生信息录入完毕')

def search():
    student_quary = []
    while True:
        id = ''
        name = ''
        if os.path.exists(filename):
            mode = input('按id查找输入1，按姓名查找输入2')
            if mode=='1':
                id = input('请输入学生id：')
            elif mode=='2':
                name = input('请输入学生姓名：')
            else:
                print('请重新输入，输入有误')
                search()
            with open(filename,'r',encoding='utf-8') as rfile:
                student = rfile.readlines()
                for item in student:
                    d = dict(eval(item))
                    if id != '':
                        if d['id'] == id:
                            student_quary.append(d)
                    elif name != '':
                        if d['name'] == name:
                            student_quary.append(d)

            show_student(student_quary)   #显示查询结果
            student_quary.clear()
            answer = input('是否继续查询y/n\n')
            if answer=='y':
                continue
            else:
                break
        else:
            print('暂未保存学生信息')
            return

def delect():
    while True:
        student_id = input('请输入要删除的学生id：')
        if student_id != '':
            if os.path.exists(filename):
                with open(filename, 'r', encoding='utf-8') as file:
                    student_old = file.readlines()
            else:
                student_old = []
            flag = False   #标记是否删除
            if student_old:
                with open(filename,'w',encoding='utf-8') as wfile:
                    d = {}
                    for item in student_old:
                        d = dict(eval(item))   #将字符串转成字典，之前读取出来的列表被遍历成了字符串，所以要eval()
                        if d['id'] != student_id:
                            wfile.write(str(d)+'\n')
                        else:
                            flag = True   #表示已经删除
                    if flag:
                        print('id为{}的学学生信息已经删除'.format(student_id))
                    else:
                        print('没有找到id为{}的学生信息'.format(student_id))
            else:
                print("无学生信息")
                break
            show()   #删除之后重新显示学生信息
            answer = input('是否继续删除y/n\n')
            if answer=='y':
                continue
            else:
                break

def modify():
    show()
    if os.path.exists(filename):
        with open(filename,'r',encoding='utf-8') as rfile:
            student_old = rfile.readlines()
    else:
        return
    student_id = input('请输入要修改的学生id：')
    with open(filename,'w',encoding='utf-8') as wfile:
        for item in student_old:
            d = dict(eval(item))
            if d['id'] == student_id:
                print("学生存在可以修改")
                while True:
                    try:
                        d['name'] = input('输入姓名：')
                        d['english'] = input('输入英语成绩：')
                        d['python'] = input('输入python成绩：')
                        d['java'] = input('输入java成绩：')
                    except:
                        print('输入错误，请重新输入')
                    else:
                        break
                wfile.write(str(d) + '\n')
                print('修改成功')
            else:
                wfile.write(str(d) + '\t')  # 将未修改的信息写入文件
        answer = input('是否继续修改y/n\n')
        if answer == 'y':
            modify()

def sort():
    show()
    if os.path.exists(filename):
        with open(filename, 'r', encoding='utf-8') as rfile:
            student_list = rfile.readlines()
        student_new = []
        for item in student_list:
            d = dict(eval(item))
            student_new.append(d)
    else:
        return
    asc_or_desc = input('请选择(0.升序排列，1.降序排列)：')
    if asc_or_desc=='0':
        asc_or_desc_bool=False
    elif asc_or_desc=='1':
        asc_or_desc_bool=True
    else:
        print('输入有误重新输入')
        sort()
    mode = input('请选择排序方式(1.按英语成绩排序，2.按python成绩排序，3.按java成绩排序，0.按总成绩排序)')
    if mode == '1':
        student_new.sort(key=lambda x:int(x['english']),reverse=asc_or_desc_bool)
    elif mode == '2':
        student_new.sort(key=lambda x: int(x['python']), reverse=asc_or_desc_bool)
    elif mode == '3':
        student_new.sort(key=lambda x: int(x['java']), reverse=asc_or_desc_bool)
    elif mode == '0':
        student_new.sort(key=lambda x: int(x['english'])+int(x['python'])+int(x['java']), reverse=asc_or_desc_bool)
    else:
        print('输入有误，请重新输入')
        sort()
    show_student(student_new)

def total():
    if os.path.exists(filename):
        with open(filename,'r',encoding='utf-8') as rfile:
            student = rfile.readlines()
            if student:
                print('一个有{}名学生'.format(len(student)))
            else:
                print('还未录入学生信息')
    else:
        print('暂未保存学生信息')

def show():
    student_list = []
    if os.path.exists(filename):
        with open(filename,'r',encoding='utf-8') as rfile:
            student = rfile.readlines()
            for item in student:
                student_list.append(eval(item))
            if student_list:
                show_student(student_list)
    else:
        print('暂未保存数据信息')

def save(lst):
    try:
        stu_txt = open(filename,'a',encoding='utf-8')
    except:
        stu_txt = open(filename,'w',encoding='utf-8')
    for item in lst:
        stu_txt.write(str(item)+'\n')
    stu_txt.close()

def show_student(lst):
    if len(lst) == 0:
        print('未查询到学生信息')
        return
    #定义标题显示格式
    format_title = '{:^6}\t{:^12}\t{:^8}\t{:^9}\t{:^9}\t{:^8}'
    print(format_title.format('id','姓名','英语成绩','python成绩','java成绩','总成绩'))
    #定义内容显示格式
    format_data = '{:^6}\t{:^12}\t{:^8}\t{:^9}\t{:^9}\t{:^8}'
    for item in lst:
        print(format_data.format(
            item.get('id'),
            item.get('name'),
            item.get('english'),
            item.get('python'),
            item.get('java'),
            int(item.get('english'))+int(item.get('python'))+int(item.get('java'))
        ))

if __name__ == '__main__':
    main()

        打包为exe可执行文件：终端输入pyinstaller -F D:\pythonProject\study_manage_system.py即可生成exe文件，文件存储在C:\Users\Administrator\dist\study_manage_system.exe