第一个整合SSM项目

整合SSM

书籍管理系统，具备增删改查基本功能。
参考视频：B站狂神说

1. 数据库环境

CREATE DATABASE `ssmbuild`;

USE `ssmbuild`;

DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `books`;

CREATE TABLE `books` (
`bookID` INT(10) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT COMMENT '书id',
`bookName` VARCHAR(100) NOT NULL COMMENT '书名',
`bookCounts` INT(11) NOT NULL COMMENT '数量',
`detail` VARCHAR(200) NOT NULL COMMENT '描述',
KEY `bookID` (`bookID`)
) ENGINE=INNODB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8

INSERT  INTO `books`(`bookID`,`bookName`,`bookCounts`,`detail`)VALUES 
(1,'Java',1,'从入门到放弃'),
(2,'MySQL',10,'从删库到跑路'),
(3,'Linux',5,'从进门到进牢');

2. 基本环境搭建

新建Maven项目！ssmbuild ， 添加web的支持

1) 导入依赖

• junit

• mysql-connector-java

• c3p0

• servlet-api

• jsp-api

• jstl

• mybatis

• mybatis-spring

• spring-webmvc

• spring-jdbc

  <dependencies>
      <!--Junit-->
      <dependency>
          <groupId>junit</groupId>
          <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
          <version>4.12</version>
      </dependency>
      <!--数据库驱动-->
      <dependency>
          <groupId>mysql</groupId>
          <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
          <version>5.1.47</version>
      </dependency>
      <!-- 数据库连接池 -->
      <dependency>
          <groupId>com.mchange</groupId>
          <artifactId>c3p0</artifactId>
          <version>0.9.5.2</version>
      </dependency>
  
      <!--Servlet - JSP -->
      <dependency>
          <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
          <artifactId>servlet-api</artifactId>
          <version>2.5</version>
      </dependency>
      <dependency>
          <groupId>javax.servlet.jsp</groupId>
          <artifactId>jsp-api</artifactId>
          <version>2.2</version>
      </dependency>
      <dependency>
          <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
          <artifactId>jstl</artifactId>
          <version>1.2</version>
      </dependency>
  
      <!--Mybatis-->
      <dependency>
          <groupId>org.mybatis</groupId>
          <artifactId>mybatis</artifactId>
          <version>3.5.2</version>
      </dependency>
      <dependency>
          <groupId>org.mybatis</groupId>
          <artifactId>mybatis-spring</artifactId>
          <version>2.0.2</version>
      </dependency>
  
      <!--Spring-->
      <dependency>
          <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
          <artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
          <version>5.1.9.RELEASE</version>
      </dependency>
      <dependency>
          <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
          <artifactId>spring-jdbc</artifactId>
          <version>5.1.9.RELEASE</version>
      </dependency>
  </dependencies>
  
  <!--资源过滤设置-->
  <build>
      <resources>
          <resource>
              <directory>src/main/java</directory>
              <includes>
                  <include>**/*.properties</include>
                  <include>**/*.xml</include>
              </includes>
              <filtering>false</filtering>
          </resource>
          <resource>
              <directory>src/main/resources</directory>
              <includes>
                  <include>**/*.properties</include>
                  <include>**/*.xml</include>
              </includes>
              <filtering>false</filtering>
          </resource>
      </resources>
  </build>
  

2) 项目基本框架结构

• kong.xiao.pojo
• kong.xiao.dao
• kong.xiao.service
• kong.xiao.controller
• mybatis-config.xml Mybatis核心配置文件
• applicationContext.xml Sprign总配置文件

3. Mybatis层编写

1) 数据库配置文件 db.properties

jdbc.driver=com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
jdbc.url=jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/ssmbulid?useSSL=false&useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=utf8
jdbc.username=root
jdbc.password=root

2) MyBatis的核心配置文件

mybatis-config.xml

只需要完成别名和映射功能，其余整合到spring中

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE configuration
        PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Config 3.0//EN"
        "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-config.dtd">
<configuration>

    <typeAliases>
        <package name="xiao.kong.pojo"/>
    </typeAliases>

    <mappers>
        <mapper resource="xiao/kong/dao/BooksMapper.xml"/>

    </mappers>

</configuration>

3) 书籍实体类

xiao.kong.pojo.Books

public class Books {

    private int bookId;
    private String bookName;
    private int bookCounts;
    private String detail;

    public Books() {
    }

    public Books(String bookName, int bookCounts, String detail) {
        this.bookName = bookName;
        this.bookCounts = bookCounts;
        this.detail = detail;
    }

    public int getBookId() {
        return bookId;
    }

    public void setBookId(int bookId) {
        this.bookId = bookId;
    }

    public String getBookName() {
        return bookName;
    }

    public void setBookName(String bookName) {
        this.bookName = bookName;
    }

    public int getBookCounts() {
        return bookCounts;
    }

    public void setBookCounts(int bookCounts) {
        this.bookCounts = bookCounts;
    }

    public String getDetail() {
        return detail;
    }

    public void setDetail(String detail) {
        this.detail = detail;
    }

    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "Books{" +
                "bookId=" + bookId +
                ", bookName='" + bookName + '\'' +
                ", bookCounts=" + bookCounts +
                ", detail='" + detail + '\'' +
                '}';
    }
}

4) dao层Mapper接口

xiao.kong.dao.BooksMapper：具备增删改查方法

public interface BooksMapper {
    //增加一本书
    void addBook(Books books);
	//根据id删除
    void deleteBookById(int bookId);
	//更新内容
    void updateBook(Books books);
	//根据书名查找
    List<Books> selectBook(String bookName);
	//查询所有
    List<Books> selectAllBook();

}

5)接口对应的 Mapper.xml

BooksMapper.xml，编写sql语句

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE mapper
        PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN"
        "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd">

<mapper namespace="xiao.kong.dao.BooksMapper">
	<!--增加一本书-->
    <insert id="addBook" parameterType="books">
        insert into books (bookName,bookCounts,detail) values (#{bookName}, #{bookCounts}, #{detail});
    </insert>
	<!--根据id删除-->
    <delete id="deleteBookById" parameterType="_int">
        delete from books where bookId = #{id}
    </delete>
	<!--修改-->
    <update id="updateBook" parameterType="books">
        update books set bookName = #{bookName},bookCounts = #{bookCounts},detail = #{detail} where bookId = #{bookId}
    </update>
	<!--根据书名模糊查询-->
    <select id="selectBook" parameterType="string" resultType="books">
        select * from books where bookName like "%"#{bookName}"%"
    </select>
    <!--显示所有-->
    <select id="selectAllBook" resultType="books">
        select * from books
    </select>

</mapper>

6) Service层接口和实现类

编写Service层接口，xiao.kong.service.BookService：也是具备增删改查方法：

public interface BookService {

    void addBook(Books books);

    void deleteBookById(int id);

    void updateBook(Books books);

    List<Books> selectBook(String bookName);

    List<Books> selectAllBook();
}

编写Service层实现类，xiao.kong.service.BookServiceImpl：调用dao层方法

//@Service将该类交由spring容器
@Service
public class BookServiceImpl implements BookService {
    
   //调用dao层
    private BooksMapper booksMapper;
    
	//属性set注入
    @Autowired
    @Qualifier(value = "booksMapper")
    public void setBooksMapper(BooksMapper booksMapper) {
        this.booksMapper = booksMapper;
    }

    //直接调用dao层的增删改查方法
    @Override
    public void addBook(Books books) {
        booksMapper.addBook(books);
    }

    @Override
    public void deleteBookById(int id) {
        booksMapper.deleteBookById(id);
    }

    @Override
    public void updateBook(Books books) {
        booksMapper.updateBook(books);
    }

    @Override
    public List<Books> selectBook(String bookName) {
        return booksMapper.selectBook(bookName);
    }

    @Override
    public List<Books> selectAllBook() {
        return booksMapper.selectAllBook();
    }
}

4. spring层

1) spring整合mybaitis

使用c3p0连接池；

spring-dao.xml，专门用于连接数据库的spring配置文件

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
       https://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd">

    <!-- 1.绑定数据库配置文件 -->
    
    <context:property-placeholder location="classpath:db.properties"/>
	<!-- 2.数据库连接池 -->
    <bean id="dataSource" class="com.mchange.v2.c3p0.ComboPooledDataSource">
        <property name="driverClass" value="${jdbc.driver}"/>
        <property name="jdbcUrl" value="${jdbc.url}"/>
        <property name="user" value="${jdbc.username}"/>
        <property name="password" value="${jdbc.password}"/>
        
		<!-- c3p0连接池的私有属性 -->
        <property name="maxPoolSize" value="30"/>
        <property name="minPoolSize" value="10"/>
        <!-- 关闭连接后不自动commit -->
        <property name="autoCommitOnClose" value="false"/>
        <!-- 获取连接超时时间 -->
        <property name="checkoutTimeout" value="10000"/>
        <!-- 当获取连接失败重试次数 -->
        <property name="acquireRetryAttempts" value="2"/>
    </bean>
    
	<!-- 3.配置SqlSessionFactory对象 -->
    <bean id="sqlSessionFactory" class="org.mybatis.spring.SqlSessionFactoryBean">
        <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"/>
        <property name="configLocation" value="classpath:mybatis-config.xml"/>
    </bean>
    
    <!-- 4.配置扫描Dao接口包，动态实现Dao接口注入到spring容器中 -->
    <bean class="org.mybatis.spring.mapper.MapperScannerConfigurer">
        <!-- 注入sqlSessionFactory -->
        <!-- 如果只使用了一个 DataSource，可以不用注入SqlSessionFactoryBean-->
        <property name="sqlSessionFactoryBeanName" value="sqlSessionFactory"/>
        <!-- 给出需要扫描Dao接口包 -->
        <property name="basePackage" value="xiao.kong.dao"/>
    </bean>

</beans>

2) spring整合service层

spring-service.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context https://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd">
    
	<!-- 扫描service相关的bean -->
    <context:component-scan base-package="xiao.kong.service"/>

 	<!-- 配置事务管理器 -->
    <bean id="transactionManager" class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DataSourceTransactionManager">
      <!-- 注入数据库连接池 -->
        <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"/>
    </bean>
</beans>

3) SpringMVC层

1. springmvc-servlet.xml：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
       xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context https://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc https://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc.xsd">
 	<!-- 扫描 -->
    <context:component-scan base-package="xiao.kong.controll"/>
     <!--开启SpringMVC注解驱动 -->
    <mvc:default-servlet-handler/>
     <!--静态资源默认servlet配置-->
    <mvc:annotation-driven/>

   <!-- 视图解析器 -->
    <bean id="internalResourceViewResolver" class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
        <property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/jsp/"/>

        <property name="suffix" value=".jsp"/>
    </bean>
</beans>

2. Spring配置整合文件，applicationContext.xml：

   <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
   <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
          xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
          xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
          http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd">
   
       <import resource="spring-dao.xml"/>
       <import resource="spring-service.xml"/>
       <import resource="springmvc-servlet.xml"/>
   
   </beans>

3. web.xml：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app xmlns="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_4_0.xsd"
         version="4.0">
    
    <!--DispatcherServlet-->
    <servlet>
        <servlet-name>springmvc</servlet-name>
        <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
        <init-param>
            <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
              <!--一定要注意:这里加载的是总的spring配置文件！--> 
            <param-value>classpath:applicationContext.xml</param-value>
        </init-param>
        <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
    </servlet>
    <servlet-mapping>
        <servlet-name>springmvc</servlet-name>
        <url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
    </servlet-mapping>
    
	<!--encodingFilter-->
    <filter>
        <filter-name>encoding</filter-name>
        <filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-class>
        <init-param>
            <param-name>encoding</param-name>
            <param-value>utf-8</param-value>
        </init-param>
    </filter>
    <filter-mapping>
        <filter-name>encoding</filter-name>
        <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
    </filter-mapping>
</web-app>

5. 视图层和Controller 编写

视图层包括：

• 首页：index.jsp

• 所有书籍页：WEB-INF/jsp/allBook.jsp

• 添加书籍页：WEB-INF/jsp/addBook.jsp

• 修改书籍页：WEB-INF/jsp/updateBook.jsp

1) 首页index.jsp

<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>
<html>
<head>
    <title>图书管理系统</title>
</head>
<body>
<h1>首页</h1>
 <%--超链接，跳转到所有书籍页，发起allBook请求--%>
<a href="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/book/allBook">点击进入列表首页</a>
</body>
</html>

2) 所有书籍页allBook.jsp

<%@ taglib prefix="c" uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/core" %>
<%--
  Created by IntelliJ IDEA.
  User: kongx
  Date: 2020/4/4
  Time: 22:30
  To change this template use File | Settings | File Templates.
--%>
<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>
<html>
<head>
    <title>图书管理系统</title>
</head>
<body>
<h1>书籍列表</h1>
    
<%--超链接，跳转到添加书籍页面，发起toAddBook请求--%>
<%--超链接，跳转到首页--%>
    
<a href="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/book/toAddBook">添加书籍</a>
<a href="${pageContext.request.contextPath}">返回首页</a>

<form action="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/book/selectBook" method="post">
    <input type="text" name="bookName">
    <input type="submit" value="查询">
</form>

<span>${result}</span>

<table>
    <tr>
        <th>书籍编号</th>
        <th>书籍名字</th>
        <th>书籍数量</th>
        <th>书籍详情</th>
        <th>操作</th>

    </tr>
    <c:forEach var="book" items="${requestScope.get('list')}">
        <tr>

            <td>${book.getBookId()}</td>
            <td>${book.getBookName()}</td>
            <td>${book.getBookCounts()}</td>
            <td>${book.getDetail()}</td>

            <td>
      <%--超链接，跳转到修改书籍页面，发起toUpdateBook请求--%>
      <%--注意这里，到修改页面，要携带原本的书籍信息参数过去--%>
                <a href="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/book/toUpdateBook?bookId=${book.getBookId()}&bookName=${book.getBookName()}&bookCounts=${book.getBookCounts()}&detail=${book.getDetail()}">修改</a>
            </td>
      <%--超链接，发起toDeleteBookById请求--%>
      <%--注意这里，要携带原本的书籍的id参数给后端--%>
            <td><a href="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/book/toDeleteBookById?bookId=${book.getBookId()}">删除</a>
            </td>

        </tr>
    </c:forEach>
    <tr>
</table>
</body>
</html>

3) 添加书籍页addBook.jsp

<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>
<html>
<head>
    <title>图书管理系统</title>
</head>
<body>
<h1>增加书籍</h1>
    
 <%--表单，将填写的书籍信息发给后台，addBook请求--%>
<form action="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/book/addBook" method="post">
    书籍名称：<input type="text" name="bookName" required>
    书籍数量： <input type="text" name="bookCounts" required>
    书籍详情：<input type="text" name="detail" required>
    <input type="submit" value="添加">

</form>
</body>
</html>

4) 修改书籍页updateBook.jsp

与添加书籍页功能相似

<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>
<html>
<head>
    <title>图书管理系统</title>
</head>
<body>
<h1>修改书籍</h1>
    
 <%--表单，注意这里默认填写了要修改书记的原内容，将修改的书籍信息发给后台，updateBook请求--%>
<form action="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/book/updateBood" method="post">
    <input type="hidden" name="bookId" value="${book.getBookId()}">
    书籍名称<input type="text" name="bookName" value="${book.getBookName()}">
    书籍数量<input type="text" name="bookCounts" value="${book.getBookCounts()}">
    书记详情<input type="text" name="detail" value="${book.getDetail()}">
    <input type="submit" value="确定">
</form>

</body>
</html>

5) 控制器BookController类

调度功能。

@Controller
@RequestMapping("/book")
public class BookControll {

    //具有 bookService属性，调用Service层的方法
    private BookService bookService;
    
	//注入属性
    @Autowired
    @Qualifier(value = "bookServiceImpl")
    public void setBookService(BookService bookService) {
        this.bookService = bookService;
    }

    //查询所有书籍
    @RequestMapping("/allBook")
    public String selectAllBook(Model model) {
        //调用查询方法
        List<Books> books = bookService.selectAllBook();
        //将查询结果返回给前端
        model.addAttribute("list", books);
        return "allBook";
    }

    //跳转到增加书籍的页面
    @RequestMapping("/toAddBook")
    public String toAddBook() {
        return "addBook";
    }

    //添加书籍
    @RequestMapping("/addBook")
    public String addAllBook(Books book) {
        bookService.addBook(book);
        //添加完重定向到allBook页，相当于又查询了一次数据库，显示此时的书籍内容
        return "redirect:/book/allBook";
    }

    //跳转到修改书籍的页面
    @RequestMapping("/toUpdateBook")
    public String toUpdateBook(Books book, Model model) {
       //携带了要修改书籍的原参数
        model.addAttribute("book", book);
       //跳转到修改书籍的页面
        return "updateBook";
    }

    //修改书籍
    @RequestMapping("/updateBood")
    public String UpdateBook(Books book) {
        bookService.updateBook(book);
        //修改完重定向到allBook页，相当于又查询了一次数据库，显示此时的书籍内容
        return "redirect:/book/allBook";
    }

    //删除书籍
    @RequestMapping("/toDeleteBookById")
    public String deleteBookById(int bookId) {
        //携带了要修改书籍的id
        bookService.deleteBookById(bookId);
        //删除完重定向到allBook页，相当于又查询了一次数据库，显示此时的书籍内容
        return "redirect:/book/allBook";
    }

    //根据书名查询书籍
    @RequestMapping("/selectBook")
    public String selectBook(String bookName, Model model) {
        List<Books> books = bookService.selectBook(bookName);
       //如果结果为空，则返回给前端一个提示消息result
        if (books.isEmpty()) {
            model.addAttribute("result", "对不起，没有结果!");
        }
        model.addAttribute("list", books);
        //将查询结果转发给allBook页面
        return "allBook";
    }
}

6. 一些坑

1. 在spring配置文件中要开启扫描，注入到spring容器中

   比如spring-dao.xml：

<!-- 4.配置扫描Dao接口包，动态实现Dao接口注入到spring容器中 -->
<bean class="org.mybatis.spring.mapper.MapperScannerConfigurer">
    <!-- 注入sqlSessionFactory -->
    <property name="sqlSessionFactoryBeanName" value="sqlSessionFactory"/>
    <!-- 给出需要扫描Dao接口包 -->
    <property name="basePackage" value="xiao.kong.dao"/>
</bean>

​ spring-service.xml：

<!-- 扫描service相关的bean -->
    <context:component-scan base-package="xiao.kong.service"/>

​ springmvc-servlet.xml：

 	<!-- 扫描 -->
    <context:component-scan base-package="xiao.kong.controll"/>
     <!--开启SpringMVC注解驱动 -->
    <mvc:default-servlet-handler/>

2. web.xml中DispatcherServlet的加载的是总的spring配置文件！

  <!--DispatcherServlet-->
    <servlet>
        <servlet-name>springmvc</servlet-name>
        <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
        <init-param>
            <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
              <!--一定要注意:这里加载的是总的spring配置文件！--> 
            <param-value>classpath:applicationContext.xml</param-value>
        </init-param>
        <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
    </servlet>
    <servlet-mapping>
        <servlet-name>springmvc</servlet-name>
        <url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
    </servlet-mapping>

3. 删除动作，要携带想删除书籍的id信息发送给后台