linux☞container_of

代码位置：include/linux/...

container_of

cast a member of a structure out to the containing structure
根据结构体成员变量找到这个结构体入口，从而可以操作结构体中其他成员

ptr：the pointer to the member.
type：the type of the container struct this is embedded in.
member：the name of the member within the struct.

#define container_of(ptr, type, member) ({ \
       const typeof(((type *)0)->member) *__mptr = (ptr); \
       (type *)((char *)__mptr - offset_of(type, member)); })

offset_of是根据成员变量获得

#define offset_of(type, member) ((char *)&((type *)0)->member)

list_entry是获得结构体的入口地址

#define list_entry(ptr, type, member) \
       container_of(ptr, type, member)

举个例子吧

#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>

#define offset_of(type, member) ((char *)&((type *)0)->member)

#define container_of(ptr, type, member) ({ \
       const typeof(((type *)0)->member) *__mptr = (ptr); \
       (type *)((char *)__mptr - offset_of(type, member)); })

struct Grade {
    int math;
    int art;
}
struct Student {
    char* name;
    int age;
    struct Grade grade;
}
int main()
{
    struct Grade *gra = (struct Grade *)malloc(sizeof(struct Grade));
    gra->math = 99;
    gra->art = 100;
    struct Student stu1 = {"lihua", 15, *gra};
    struct Student *stu2 = container_of(&stu1.grade, struct Student, grade)
    printf("stu1 addr=%x stu2 point=%x\n", &stu1, *stu2);
    printf("age=%d\n", stu2->age);
    free(gra);
    return 0;
}

程序执行结果：