服务器
#include<stdio.h>
#include<stdlib.h>
#include<errno.h>
#include<string.h>
#include<sys/types.h>
#include<netinet/in.h>
#include<sys/socket.h>
#include<sys/wait.h>
#define PORT 1500//端口号
#define BACKLOG 5/*最大监听数*/
int main(){
int sockfd,new_fd;/*socket句柄和建立连接后的句柄*/
struct sockaddr_in my_addr;/*本方地址信息结构体,下面有具体的属性赋值*/
struct sockaddr_in their_addr;/*对方地址信息*/
int sin_size;
sockfd=socket(AF_INET,SOCK_STREAM,0);//建立socket
if(sockfd==-1){
printf("socket failed:%d",errno);
return -1;
}
my_addr.sin_family=AF_INET;/*该属性表示接收本机或其他机器传输*/
my_addr.sin_port=htons(PORT);/*端口号*/
my_addr.sin_addr.s_addr=htonl(INADDR_ANY);/*IP,括号内容表示本机IP*/
bzero(&(my_addr.sin_zero),8);/*将其他属性置0*/
if(bind(sockfd,(struct sockaddr*)&my_addr,sizeof(struct sockaddr))<0){//绑定地址结构体和socket
printf("bind error");
close(sockfd);
return -1;
}
listen(sockfd,BACKLOG);//开启监听 ,第二个参数是最大监听数
while(1){
sin_size=sizeof(struct sockaddr_in);
new_fd=accept(sockfd,(struct sockaddr*)&their_addr,&sin_size);//在这里阻塞知道接收到消息,参数分别是socket句柄,接收到的地址信息以及大小
if(new_fd==-1){
printf("receive failed");
} else{
printf("receive success");
send(new_fd,"Hello World!",12,0);//发送内容,参数分别是连接句柄,内容,大小,其他信息(设为0即可)
}
}
return 0;
}
客户端
#include<stdio.h>
#include<stdlib.h>
#include<errno.h>
#include<string.h>
#include<sys/types.h>
#include<netinet/in.h>
#include<sys/socket.h>
#include<sys/wait.h>
#define DEST_PORT 1500//目标地址端口号
#define DEST_IP "127.0.0.1"/*目标地址IP,这里设为本机*/
#define MAX_DATA 100//接收到的数据最大程度
int main(){
int sockfd,new_fd;/*cocket句柄和接受到连接后的句柄 */
struct sockaddr_in dest_addr;/*目标地址信息*/
char buf[MAX_DATA];//储存接收数据
sockfd=socket(AF_INET,SOCK_STREAM,0);/*建立socket*/
if(sockfd==-1){
printf("socket failed:%d",errno);
}
//参数意义见上面服务器端
dest_addr.sin_family=AF_INET;
dest_addr.sin_port=htons(DEST_PORT);
dest_addr.sin_addr.s_addr=inet_addr(DEST_IP);
bzero(&(dest_addr.sin_zero),8);
if(connect(sockfd,(struct sockaddr*)&dest_addr,sizeof(struct sockaddr))==-1){//连接方法,传入句柄,目标地址和大小
printf("connect failed:%d",errno);//失败时可以打印errno
close(sockfd);
return -1;
} else{
printf("connect success");
recv(sockfd,buf,MAX_DATA,0);//将接收数据打入buf,参数分别是句柄,储存处,最大长度,其他信息(设为0即可)。
printf("Received:%s",buf);
}
close(sockfd);//关闭socket
return 0;
}
epoll函数原型:
1、int epoll_create(int size);
创建一个epoll接口,返回一个epoll描述符,后面要用到。
2、int epoll_ctl(int epfd, int op, int fd, struct epoll_event *event);
用来从epoll接口中添加fd或删除、修改fd。
(1)epfd是接口描述符,
(2)op是添加、修改、删除三者,fd是要操作的对象,event是监视的事件。结构如下:
typedef union epoll_data {
void *ptr;
int fd;
uint32_t u32;
uint64_t u64;
} epoll_data_t;
struct epoll_event {
uint32_t events; /* Epoll events */
epoll_data_t data; /* User data variable */
};
3、int epoll_wait(int epfd, struct epoll_event *events,
int maxevents, int timeout);
(1)events是输出型的参数,返回的是准备好的描述符,
(2)maxevents是事件数量的上限
(3)timeout是超时,以毫秒为单位,-1代表用不超时,0代表不等待立即返回。
服务器
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <sys/types.h>
#include <sys/stat.h>
#include <errno.h>
#include <sys/socket.h>
#include <netinet/in.h>
#include <arpa/inet.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <fcntl.h>
#include <sys/epoll.h>
#include <sys/un.h>
#define MAX_FD_NUM 3
#define PATH "un.sock"
void setnonblock(int fd) {
int flag = fcntl(fd, F_GETFL, 0);
if (flag == -1) {
printf("get fcntl flag %s\n", strerror(errno));
return;
}
int ret = fcntl(fd, F_SETFL, flag | O_NONBLOCK);
if (ret == -1) {
printf("set fcntl non-blocking %s\n", strerror(errno));
return;
}
}
int socket_create() {
int fd = socket(AF_UNIX, SOCK_STREAM, 0);
if (fd == -1) {
printf("socket create %s\n", strerror(errno));
return -1;
}
setnonblock(fd);
struct sockaddr_un addr;
unlink(PATH);
memset(&addr, 0, sizeof(addr));
addr.sun_family = AF_UNIX;
strcpy(addr.sun_path, PATH);
if (bind(fd, (struct sockaddr *)&addr, sizeof(addr)) == -1) {
printf("socket bind: %s\n", strerror(errno));
return -1;
}
if (listen(fd, 20) == -1) {
printf("socket listen %s\n", strerror(errno));
return -1;
}
return fd;
}
void socket_accept(int fd) {
struct epoll_event event, events[MAX_FD_NUM];
int client_fd;
int epfd = epoll_create(MAX_FD_NUM);
if (epfd == -1) {
printf("epoll create %s\n", strerror(errno));
return;
}
memset(&event, 0, sizeof(event));
event.data.fd = fd;
event.events = EPOLLIN | EPOLLERR | EPOLLHUP;
if (epoll_ctl(epfd, EPOLL_CTL_ADD, fd, &event) == -1) {
printf("epoll ctl %s\n", strerror(errno));
return;
}
while (1) {
int num = epoll_wait(epfd, events, MAX_FD_NUM, -1);
if (num == -1) {
printf("epoll wait %s\n", strerror(errno));
break;
} else {
int i = 0;
for (; i<num; ++i) {
if (events[i].data.fd == fd) {
struct sockaddr_un client_addr;
memset(&client_addr, 0, sizeof(client_addr));
int len = sizeof(client_addr);
client_fd = accept(fd, (struct sockaddr *)&client_addr, &len);
if (client_fd == -1) {
printf("socket accept %s\n", strerror(errno));
return;
} else {
printf("socket accept success. fd=%d, client_fd=%d\n", fd, client_fd);
}
setnonblock(client_fd);
event.data.fd = client_fd;
event.events = EPOLLIN | EPOLLERR | EPOLLHUP;
if (epoll_ctl(epfd, EPOLL_CTL_ADD, client_fd, &event) == -1) {
printf("epoll ctl %s\n", strerror(errno));
return;
}
continue;
} else if (events[i].events & EPOLLERR || events[i].events & EPOLLHUP) {
printf("epoll err\n");
close(events[i].data.fd);
continue;
} else {
char buf[64];
memset(buf, 0, sizeof(buf));
recv(events[i].data.fd, buf, sizeof(buf), 0);
printf("recv msg: %s", buf);
close(events[i].data.fd);
continue;
}
}
}
}
}
int main(int argc, char *argv[]) {
int fd = socket_create();
if (fd == -1) {
printf("socket create fd failed\n");
return;
}
socket_accept(fd);
return 0;
}
#include <iostream>
#include <cstring>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <sys/socket.h>
#include <netinet/in.h>
#include <sys/epoll.h>
const int MAX_EVENTS = 10; // epoll_wait每次最多处理的事件数
int main() {
// 创建监听socket
int serverSocket = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, 0);
if (serverSocket == -1) {
std::cerr << "Error creating socket." << std::endl;
return 1;
}
// 设置服务器地址信息
sockaddr_in serverAddress;
serverAddress.sin_family = AF_INET;
serverAddress.sin_addr.s_addr = INADDR_ANY; // 使用任意可用地址
serverAddress.sin_port = htons(8888); // 服务器监听的端口
// 绑定socket和地址
if (bind(serverSocket, (struct sockaddr*)&serverAddress, sizeof(serverAddress)) == -1) {
std::cerr << "Error binding socket." << std::endl;
close(serverSocket);
return 1;
}
// 开始监听连接
if (listen(serverSocket, 5) == -1) {
std::cerr << "Error listening for connections." << std::endl;
close(serverSocket);
return 1;
}
std::cout << "Server started. Listening for connections..." << std::endl;
// 创建epoll实例
int epollFd = epoll_create1(0);
if (epollFd == -1) {
std::cerr << "Error creating epoll instance." << std::endl;
close(serverSocket);
return 1;
}
// 设置epoll事件结构体
epoll_event event;
event.events = EPOLLIN; // 监听可读事件
event.data.fd = serverSocket; // 监听的文件描述符
// 将监听socket添加到epoll实例中
if (epoll_ctl(epollFd, EPOLL_CTL_ADD, serverSocket, &event) == -1) {
std::cerr << "Error adding socket to epoll." << std::endl;
close(epollFd);
close(serverSocket);
return 1;
}
// 创建用于存储活动事件的数组
epoll_event events[MAX_EVENTS];
// 开始接受客户端连接和处理数据
while (true) {
// 等待事件发生
int numEvents = epoll_wait(epollFd, events, MAX_EVENTS, -1);
if (numEvents == -1) {
std::cerr << "Error in epoll_wait." << std::endl;
close(epollFd);
close(serverSocket);
return 1;
}
// 处理所有就绪的事件
for (int i = 0; i < numEvents; ++i) {
// 如果是监听socket有新连接
if (events[i].data.fd == serverSocket) {
sockaddr_in clientAddress;
socklen_t clientAddrSize = sizeof(clientAddress);
int clientSocket = accept(serverSocket, (struct sockaddr*)&clientAddress, &clientAddrSize);
if (clientSocket == -1) {
std::cerr << "Error accepting client connection." << std::endl;
continue;
}
// 将新的客户端socket添加到epoll实例中
event.events = EPOLLIN; // 监听可读事件
event.data.fd = clientSocket;
if (epoll_ctl(epollFd, EPOLL_CTL_ADD, clientSocket, &event) == -1) {
std::cerr << "Error adding client socket to epoll." << std::endl;
close(clientSocket);
continue;
}
std::cout << "New client connected. Client socket: " << clientSocket << std::endl;
} else {
// 处理已连接客户端的数据
char buffer[1024] = {0};
int bytesRead = recv(events[i].data.fd, buffer, sizeof(buffer), 0);
if (bytesRead <= 0) {
// 客户端断开连接或出错
std::cout << "Client disconnected or error occurred. Client socket: " << events[i].data.fd << std::endl;
epoll_ctl(epollFd, EPOLL_CTL_DEL, events[i].data.fd, nullptr);
close(events[i].data.fd);
} else {
// 打印接收到的消息
std::cout << "Received from client " << events[i].data.fd << ": " << buffer << std::endl;
// 发送回复消息给客户端
send(events[i].data.fd, buffer, bytesRead, 0);
}
}
}
}
// 关闭连接
close(serverSocket);
close(epollFd);
return 0;
}
#include <sys/types.h>
#include <sys/socket.h>
#include <netinet/in.h>
#include <arpa/inet.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <errno.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <fcntl.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <sys/epoll.h>
#define BUFFER_SIZE 10
#define MAX_ENVENT_NUM 1024
// 把sockfd修改为非阻塞的 (对sockfd的修改适合放在Socket类中)
int setnonblocking(int sockfd)
{
int old_option = fcntl(sockfd, F_GETFL);
int new_option = old_option | O_NONBLOCK;
fcntl(sockfd, F_SETFL, new_option);
return old_option;
}
// 把fd上的可读事件注册到epollfd对应的epoller上(epoll操作相关的都可以放在EPollPoller类中)
void addfd(int epollfd, int fd)
{
epoll_event event;
event.data.fd = fd;
event.events = EPOLLIN;
// 注册fd上的可读事件
epoll_ctl(epollfd, EPOLL_CTL_ADD, fd, &event);
setnonblocking(fd);
}
int main()
{
// 地址和端口相关的函数可以封装在InetAddress类中
const char *ip = "127.0.0.1";
int port = 8000;
struct sockaddr_in addr;
bzero(&addr, sizeof(addr));
addr.sin_family = AF_INET;
inet_pton(AF_INET, ip, &addr.sin_addr);
addr.sin_port = htons(port);
// listenfd与接收新连接密不可分,与listenfd相关的都可以封装在Acceptor类中
int listenfd = socket(PF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, 0);
bind(listenfd, (struct sockaddr*)&addr, sizeof(addr));
listen(listenfd, 5);
// 与epollfd相关的操作都可以封装在EPollPoller类中
epoll_event events[MAX_ENVENT_NUM];
int epollfd = epoll_create(5);
addfd(epollfd, listenfd);
// 启动事件循环。何时启动、退出循环的事都可以封装在EventLoop类中
while (1)
{
int num = epoll_wait(epollfd ,events, MAX_ENVENT_NUM, -1);
char buf[10];
memset(buf, '\0', BUFFER_SIZE);
for (int i = 0; i < num; ++i)
{
int sockfd = events[i].data.fd;
// 如果是listenfd上有可读事件发生,说明有新连接到来
//(在muduo中,listenfd相关的事件的处理是在主线程中完成的)
if (sockfd == listenfd)
{
// client_addr用于保存客户的地址信息,与地址相关的都可以封装在InetAddress类中
struct sockaddr_in client_addr;
socklen_t client_addr_len = sizeof(client_addr);
// 接收连接,可以封装在Acceptor类中
int connfd = accept(listenfd, (struct sockaddr*)&client_addr, &client_addr_len);
// 把新接收的连接connfd注册到epoller中
addfd(epollfd, connfd);
}
// 不是listenfd那就是connfd上的事件
//(在muduo中,connfd上相关的事件的处理是在子线程中完成的,这里为了简单就没有开启子线程)
else if (events[i].events & EPOLLIN)
{
// 接收数据。接收数据和发送数据都可以封装在TcpConection类中
int ret = recv(sockfd, buf, BUFFER_SIZE, 0);
if (ret <= 0) // 如果接收数据出错或者对方关闭
{
// 关闭连接。封装在Socket中
close(sockfd);
}
// 把接收到的数据发送给对方,也封装在TcpConnection中
send(sockfd, buf, ret, 0);
}
}
}
return 0;
}