抽象工厂模式

实现从Access换为使用Sqlserver，接着换为Oracle

源代码：

class User
{
	private int ID;
	private String name;
	public int getID() {
		return ID;
	}
	public void setID(int iD) {
		ID = iD;
	}
	public String getName() {
		return name;
	}
	public void setName(String name) {
		this.name = name;
	}
}
class SqlserverUser
{
	public void Insert(User user)
	{
		System.out.println("在User表中增加一条记录");
	}
	public User GetUser(int id)
	{
		System.out.println("根据ID得到User表中的一条记录");
		return null;
	}
}
public class main {
	public static void main(String[] args) {
		User user=new User();
		SqlserverUser su=new SqlserverUser();//数据库固定
		su.Insert(user);
		su.GetUser(1);
	}
}

 使用工厂模式方法：

class User
{
	private int ID;
	private String name;
	public int getID() {
		return ID;
	}
	public void setID(int iD) {
		ID = iD;
	}
	public String getName() {
		return name;
	}
	public void setName(String name) {
		this.name = name;
	}
}
interface IUser
{
	void Insert(User user);
	User GetUser(int id);
}

class SqlserverUser implements IUser
{
	public void Insert(User user)
	{
		System.out.println("在User表中增加一条记录");
	}
	public User GetUser(int id)
	{
		System.out.println("根据ID得到User表中的一条记录");
		return null;
	}
}
class AccessUser implements IUser
{
	public void Insert(User user)
	{
		System.out.println("在User表中增加一条记录");
	}
	public User GetUser(int id)
	{
		System.out.println("根据ID得到User表中的一条记录");
		return null;
	}
}
interface IFactory
{
	IUser createUser();
}//定义一个创建访问User表对象的工厂接口
class SqlserverFactory implements IFactory
{

	@Override
	public IUser createUser() {
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
		return new SqlserverUser();
	}
}
class AccessFactory implements IFactory
{

	@Override
	public IUser createUser() {
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
		return new AccessUser();
	}
}//具体工厂类

public class main {
	public static void main(String[] args) {
		User user=new User();
		IFactory su=new SqlserverFactory();//若要修改Access数据库，只须修改此处
		IUser iu=su.createUser();
		iu.Insert(user);
		iu.GetUser(1);
	}
}

 若增加一个新的表如部门表（Department表）
就要增加抽象工厂类

class User
{
	private int ID;
	private String name;
	public int getID() {
		return ID;
	}
	public void setID(int iD) {
		ID = iD;
	}
	public String getName() {
		return name;
	}
	public void setName(String name) {
		this.name = name;
	}
}
class Department
{
	private int id;
	private String deptname;
	public int getId() {
		return id;
	}
	public void setId(int id) {
		this.id = id;
	}
	public String getDeptname() {
		return deptname;
	}
	public void setDeptname(String deptname) {
		this.deptname = deptname;
	}
}
interface IUser
{
	void Insert(User user);
	User GetUser(int id);
}
interface IDepartment
{
	void Insert(Department department);
	Department GetDepartment(int id);
}
interface IFactory//IFactory接口，增加一个创建访问Department表对象的抽象接口工厂
{
	IUser CreateUser();
	IDepartment CreateDepartment();
}
class SqlserverUser implements IUser
{
	public void Insert(User user)
	{
		System.out.println("在User表中增加一条记录");
	}
	public User GetUser(int id)
	{
		System.out.println("根据ID得到User表中的一条记录");
		return null;
	}
}
class SqlserverDepartment implements IDepartment
{
	@Override
	public void Insert(Department department) {
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
		System.out.println("在department表中增加一条记录");
	}
	@Override
	public Department GetDepartment(int id) {
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
		System.out.println("根据ID得到department表中的一条记录");
		return null;
	}
}
class SqlserverFactory implements IFactory
{
	@Override
	public IUser CreateUser() {
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
		return new SqlserverUser();
	}
	@Override
	public IDepartment CreateDepartment() {
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
		return new SqlserverDepartment();
	}
}
class AccessUser implements IUser
{
	public void Insert(User user)
	{
		System.out.println("在User表中增加一条记录");
	}
	public User GetUser(int id)
	{
		System.out.println("根据ID得到User表中的一条记录");
		return null;
	}
}
class AccessDepartment implements IDepartment
{
	@Override
	public void Insert(Department department) {
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
		System.out.println("在department表中增加一条记录");
	}
	@Override
	public Department GetDepartment(int id) {
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
		System.out.println("根据ID得到department表中的一条记录");
		return null;
	}
}
class AccessFactory implements IFactory
{
	public IUser CreateUser() {
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
		return new AccessUser();
	}
	@Override
	public IDepartment CreateDepartment() {
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
		return new AccessDepartment();
	}
}
//客户端
public class main {
	public static void main(String[] args) {
		User user=new User();
		IFactory su=new SqlserverFactory();//只需修改此处，实现数据库访问的切换
		IUser iu=su.CreateUser();
		iu.Insert(user);
		iu.GetUser(1);
		Department dept=new Department();
		IDepartment id=su.CreateDepartment();
		id.Insert(dept);
		id.GetDepartment(1);
	}
}

抽象工厂可以很方便的切换不同数据库访问的代码，但是改动量非常多。
用简单工厂改进抽象工厂，去除IFactory，SqlservserFactory和AccessFactory三个工厂类，用DataAccess类代替

class DataAccess
{
	private static  String db="Sqlserver";//Access
			public static IUser CreatUser()
			{
		IUser result=null;
		switch(db)
		{
		case "Sqlserver":
			result=new SqlserverUser();break;
		case "Access":
			result=new AccessUser();
			break;
		}
		return result;
			}
			public static IDepartment CreatDepartment()
			{
				IDepartment result=null;
				switch(db)
				{
				case "Sqlserver":
					result=new SqlserverDepartment();break;
				case "Access":
					result=new AccessDepartment();
					break;
				}
				return result;
			}
}

//客户端已经不需要受改动数据库访问的影响
public class main {
	public static void main(String[] args) {
		User user=new User();
		Department dept=new Department();
		IUser iu=DataAccess.CreatUser();//直接得到实例，而不需要存在任何依赖
		iu.Insert(user);
		iu.GetUser(1);
		IDepartment id=DataAccess.CreatDepartment();
		id.Insert(dept);
		id.GetDepartment(1);
	}
	//事先设置了db的值所以简单工厂的方法都不需要输入参数
}