Python - 01.怎么操作文件

1. 读写【txt】文件无需导入包。
2. 读写【csv】文件需要导入【csv】包。
3. 读写【xls】文件需要导入【xlrd】、【xlwt】包。

import csv

import xlrd
import xlwt

# txt文件
content = ['test1', 'test2', 'test3']

# 写
with open('txtTest.txt', 'w') as file:
    for item in content:
        file.write(item + '\n')

# 读
data = []
with open('txtTest.txt', 'r') as file:
    data = file.read().splitlines()
print('txt文件：', data)

# csv文件
content = [['test1'], ['test2', 'test3'], ['test4', 'test5', 'test6']]

# 写
with open('csvTest.csv', 'w', newline='') as file:
    writer = csv.writer(file)
    writer.writerows(content)

# 读
data = []
with open('csvTest.csv', 'r', newline='') as file:
    reader = csv.reader(file)
    for row in reader:
        data.append(row)
print('csv文件：', data)

# xls文件
content = [['test1'], ['test2', 'test3'], ['test4', 'test5', 'test6']]

# 写
book = xlwt.Workbook()
sheet = book.add_sheet('sheet1')
for i in range(len(content)):
    for j in range(len(content[i])):
        sheet.write(i, j, content[i][j])
book.save('xlsTest.xls')

# 读
book = xlrd.open_workbook('xlsTest.xls')
sheet = book.sheet_by_name('sheet1')
row = sheet.nrows
col = sheet.ncols
data = []
for i in range(row):
    temp = []
    for j in range(col):
        temp.append(sheet.cell(i, j).value)
    data.append(temp)
print('xls文件：', data)