【K8S实战】-超详细教程（三）

【K8S实战】-超详细教程（三）

1、存储

1.1、nfs默认存储

我这里只演示nfs作为K8S的默认存储，其他的可以看这里【存储类】。

1.1.1、安装nfs服务

所有机器都安装nfs工具

所有机器
[root@master ~]# yum install -y nfs-utils

以下都是在master节点操作
[root@master ~]# echo "/nfs/data/ *(insecure,rw,sync,no_root_squash)" > /etc/exports
[root@master ~]# mkdir -p /nfs/data
设置开机启动且立即启动
[root@master ~]# systemctl enable rpcbind --now
[root@master ~]# systemctl enable nfs-server --now
使配置生效
[root@master ~]# exportfs -r
检查配置是否生效
[root@master ~]# exportfs

配置nfs-client（可以不做）

查看nfs服务的共享文件目录
[root@node1 ~]# showmount -e 172.168.200.130

创建并挂载目录
[root@node1 ~]# mkdir -p /nfs/data
[root@node1 ~]# mount -t nfs 172.168.200.130:/nfs/data /nfs/data

1.1.2、配置默认存储

在master节点执行如下命令：

[root@master ~]# kubectl create -f default-storage.yaml

default-storage.yaml文件内容如下：

## 创建了一个存储类
apiVersion: storage.k8s.io/v1
kind: StorageClass
metadata:
  name: nfs-storage
  annotations:
    storageclass.kubernetes.io/is-default-class: "true"
provisioner: k8s-sigs.io/nfs-subdir-external-provisioner
parameters:
  archiveOnDelete: "true"  ## 删除pv的时候，pv的内容是否要备份

---
apiVersion: apps/v1
kind: Deployment
metadata:
  name: nfs-client-provisioner
  labels:
    app: nfs-client-provisioner
  # replace with namespace where provisioner is deployed
  namespace: default
spec:
  replicas: 1
  strategy:
    type: Recreate
  selector:
    matchLabels:
      app: nfs-client-provisioner
  template:
    metadata:
      labels:
        app: nfs-client-provisioner
    spec:
      serviceAccountName: nfs-client-provisioner
      containers:
        - name: nfs-client-provisioner
          image: k8s.gcr.io/sig-storage/nfs-subdir-external-provisioner:v4.0.2
          # resources:
          #    limits:
          #      cpu: 10m
          #    requests:
          #      cpu: 10m
          volumeMounts:
            - name: nfs-client-root
              mountPath: /persistentvolumes
          env:
            - name: PROVISIONER_NAME
              value: k8s-sigs.io/nfs-subdir-external-provisioner
            - name: NFS_SERVER
              value: master ## 指定自己nfs服务器地址
            - name: NFS_PATH  
              value: /nfs/data  ## nfs服务器共享的目录
      volumes:
        - name: nfs-client-root
          nfs:
            server: master  ## 指定自己nfs服务器地址
            path: /nfs/data  ## nfs服务器共享的目录
---
apiVersion: v1
kind: ServiceAccount
metadata:
  name: nfs-client-provisioner
  # replace with namespace where provisioner is deployed
  namespace: default
---
kind: ClusterRole
apiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1
metadata:
  name: nfs-client-provisioner-runner
rules:
  - apiGroups: [""]
    resources: ["nodes"]
    verbs: ["get", "list", "watch"]
  - apiGroups: [""]
    resources: ["persistentvolumes"]
    verbs: ["get", "list", "watch", "create", "delete"]
  - apiGroups: [""]
    resources: ["persistentvolumeclaims"]
    verbs: ["get", "list", "watch", "update"]
  - apiGroups: ["storage.k8s.io"]
    resources: ["storageclasses"]
    verbs: ["get", "list", "watch"]
  - apiGroups: [""]
    resources: ["events"]
    verbs: ["create", "update", "patch"]
---
kind: ClusterRoleBinding
apiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1
metadata:
  name: run-nfs-client-provisioner
subjects:
  - kind: ServiceAccount
    name: nfs-client-provisioner
    # replace with namespace where provisioner is deployed
    namespace: default
roleRef:
  kind: ClusterRole
  name: nfs-client-provisioner-runner
  apiGroup: rbac.authorization.k8s.io
---
kind: Role
apiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1
metadata:
  name: leader-locking-nfs-client-provisioner
  # replace with namespace where provisioner is deployed
  namespace: default
rules:
  - apiGroups: [""]
    resources: ["endpoints"]
    verbs: ["get", "list", "watch", "create", "update", "patch"]
---
kind: RoleBinding
apiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1
metadata:
  name: leader-locking-nfs-client-provisioner
  # replace with namespace where provisioner is deployed
  namespace: default
subjects:
  - kind: ServiceAccount
    name: nfs-client-provisioner
    # replace with namespace where provisioner is deployed
    namespace: default
roleRef:
  kind: Role
  name: leader-locking-nfs-client-provisioner
  apiGroup: rbac.authorization.k8s.io

有可能k8s.gcr.io/sig-storage/nfs-subdir-external-provisioner:v4.0.2下载不了，使用这个【离线镜像】， 提取码：u2hi，然后在所有机器执行如下命令：

[root@node1 ~]# docker load -i nfs-subdir-external-provisioner-v4.0.2.tar

1.2、PV与PVC

PV 卷是集群中的资源。PVC 申领是对这些资源的请求，也被用来执行对资源的申领检查。

1.2.1 pv

持久卷（PersistentVolume，PV）是集群中的一块存储，可以由管理员事先供应，或者 使用存储类（Storage Class）来动态供应。
资源pv.yaml内容如下：

apiVersion: v1
kind: PersistentVolume
metadata:
  name: pv01-10m
spec:
  capacity:
    storage: 10M
  accessModes:
    - ReadWriteMany
  storageClassName: nfs
  nfs:
    path: /nfs/data/01 #nfs共享的文件目录
    server