Spring boot发送邮件过程及问题整理

最开始参考的是网上的普遍教程，用的qq邮箱，但是qq邮箱及其不稳定。
有时候发送成功，有时候不能发送成功。
而且今天在运行的时候，突然崩了，我去qq邮箱查看了一下，显示不能找到qq邮箱服务器ip。
果断放弃了qq邮箱，转用了163邮箱，非常nice！！

贴一个今天的报错信息

Error creating bean with name 'org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.mail.MailSenderValidatorAutoConfiguration': 
Bean instantiation via constructor failed; 
nested exception is org.springframework.beans.BeanInstantiationException: 
Failed to instantiate [org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.mail.MailSenderValidatorAutoConfiguration]: Constructor threw exception; nested exception is java.lang.IllegalStateException: Mail server is not available

使用springboot发送邮件

更改邮箱配置

首先更改邮箱配置


开启下面箭头所指地方，它会让你发送一个短信，然后给你一串字符，保存一下这串字符，它是你springboot连接邮箱的登录密码。

Spingboot pom.xml文件添加依赖

<dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-mail</artifactId>
</dependency>

Springboot .properties文件配置

#邮箱配置
###
#smtp服务主机  qq邮箱则为smtp.qq.com
spring.mail.host=smtp.163.com
#端口
spring.mail.port=465
#服务协议
spring.mail.protocol=smtp
#编码集
spring.mail.default-encoding=UTF-8
#发送邮件的账户
spring.mail.username=x1692760724@163.com
#授权码
spring.mail.password=TXVMCBZOMAYCXADM
spring.mail.test-connection=true
spring.mail.properties.mail.smtp.auth=true
spring.mail.properties.mail.smtp.starttls.enable=true
spring.mail.properties.mail.smtp.starttls.required=true
spring.mail.properties.mail.smtp.ssl.enable=true
spring.mail.properties.mail.debug=true

Controller层

package com.example.homework.controller;

import com.example.homework.entity.*;
import com.example.homework.service.AdminService;
import com.example.homework.service.StudentService;
import com.example.homework.service.TeacherService;
import com.example.homework.util.VerCodeGenerateUtil;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Value;
import org.springframework.mail.SimpleMailMessage;
import org.springframework.mail.javamail.JavaMailSender;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.ui.Model;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMethod;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ResponseBody;

import javax.annotation.Resource;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;


@Controller
@RequestMapping("/common")
public class CommonAjaxController {
    @Value("${spring.mail.username}")
    private String from;
    @Resource
    private JavaMailSender mailSender;
   
    @RequestMapping(value = "/sendEmail",method = RequestMethod.POST)
    @ResponseBody
    public Map<String,Object> commonEmail(String id, String email,Integer role, Model model) {
        String userName="小明";
        String userEmail="123@qq.com";
        // 创建邮件消息
        SimpleMailMessage message = new SimpleMailMessage();
        message.setFrom(from);
        message.setTo(userEmail);
        message.setSubject("验证码");
        String verCode = VerCodeGenerateUtil.generateVerCode();
        message.setText("尊敬的"+userName+",您好:\n"
                + "\n本次请求的邮件验证码为:" + verCode + ",本验证码 5 分钟内效，请及时输入。（请勿泄露此验证码）\n"
                + "\n如非本人操作，请忽略该邮件。\n(这是一封通过自动发送的邮件，请不要直接回复）");
        mailSender.send(message);
        Map<String,Object> mp=new HashMap<>();
        mp.put("success",verCode);
        mp.put("message","验证码已发送至邮箱，请注意查收！");
        return mp;
    }

}

生成验证码util代码

package com.example.homework.util;

import java.security.SecureRandom;
import java.util.Random;

// 随机生成6位验证码
public class VerCodeGenerateUtil {
    // 验证码包含的字段，可自己设置
    private static final String SYMBOLS = "0123456789ABCDEFGHIGKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ";
    private static final Random RANDOM = new SecureRandom();
    // 生成 6 位数的随机数字
    public static String generateVerCode() {
        // 如果是六位，就生成大小为 6 的数组
        char[] numbers = new char[6];
        for (int i = 0; i < numbers.length; i++) {
            numbers[i] = SYMBOLS.charAt(RANDOM.nextInt(SYMBOLS.length()));
        }
        return new String(numbers);
    }
}