python--元组

元组（tuple）：元组本身是不可变数据类型，没有增删改查
元组内可以存储任意数据类型

1.元组的创建

t = (1,2.3,True,‘star’)
print(t)
print(type(t))

#元组里面包含可变数据类型，可以间接修改元组的内容

t1 = ([1,2,3],4)
t1[0].append(4)
print(t1)

#元组如果只有一个元素的时候，后面一定要加逗号，否则数据类型不确定

t2 = (‘hello’,)
t3 = (1,)
print(type(t2))
print(type(t3))

2.元组的特性
allowUsers = (‘root’,‘westos’,‘redhat’)
allowPasswd = (‘123’,‘456’,‘789’)

#索引 切片

print(allowUsers[0])
print(allowUsers[-1])
print(allowUsers[1:])
print(allowUsers[2:])
print(allowUsers[:-1])
print(allowUsers[::-1])

#重复

print(allowUsers * 3)

#连接

print(allowUsers + (‘linux’,‘python’))

#成员操作符

print(‘westos’ in allowUsers)
print(‘westos’ not in allowUsers)

#for循环

for user in allowUsers:
print(user)
for index,user in enumerate(allowUsers):
print(‘第%d个白名单用户: %s’ %(index+1,user))

#zip:两个元组的元素之间一一对应

for user,passwd in zip(allowUsers,allowPasswd):
print(user,’:’,passwd)

3.元组的常用方法

t = (1,2.3,True,‘redhat’,‘redhat’)
print(t.count(‘redhat’))
print(t.index(2.3))

4.元组的应用场景
#变量交换数值

a = 1
b = 2
b,a = a,b

1.先把(a,b)封装成一个元组(1,2)
2.b,a=a,b —> b,a=(1,2)
b = (1,2)[0] a = (1,2)[1]

print(a)
print(b)

#打印变量的值

name = ‘westos’
age = 11
t = (name,age)
print(‘name:%s , age:%d’ %(name,age))
print(‘name:%s , age:%d’ %t)

#元组的赋值，有多少个元素，就用多少个变量接收

t = (‘world’,11,100)
name,age,score = t
print(name,age,score)

score = (100,89,45,78,65)
scoreLi = list(score)
scoreLi.sort()
print(scoreLi)
scores = sorted(score)
print(scores)
minscore,*middlescore,maxscore = scores
print(minscore)
print(middlescore)
print(maxscore)
print(‘最终成绩为: %.2f’ %(sum(middlescore) / len(middlescore)))