JavaScript中字典的常用操作

字典是一种以键值对存在的数据结构，他的底层是Array数组

字典初始化和数组初始化的区别：

数组的初始化：var arr = [1,2,3,4,5];//使用中括号
字典的初始化: var names = {“a”:“aaa”,“b”:“bbb”,“c”:“ccc”};//使用花括号

字典的创建

---

//创建方式1
	var arr = {"a":"1","b":"2","c":"3"};
	
//创建方式2
	var arr = new Array;
		arr["a"] = "1";
		arr["b"] = "2";
		arr["c"] = "3";
		arr["d"] = "4";

字典的遍历

---

			for (var key in arr) {
				console.log(key+":"+arr[key]);
			}

删除字典中的元素

---

//1.
		delete arr["a"];
		delete arr["b"];
//2.
		delete arr.a;
		delete arr.b;
	//注意使用第二种方法删除时，arr后面只能是字符。

按key或value对字典的排序：

---

//按key进行排序
		var arr = {"a":"1","b":"2","c":"3","d":"4"};
			
		var ret = Object.keys(arr).sort(function(a,b){return a-b;});
			
		for (var key in ret) {//字典的遍历
			console.log(ret[key]+":"+arr[ret[key]]);
		}

//按value进行排序
	var arr = {"a":"1","b":"2","c":"3","d":"4"};
	
	var ret = Object.keys(arr).sort(function(a,b){return arr[a]-arr[b];});
	
	for (var key in ret) {//字典的遍历
		console.log(ret[key]+":"+arr[ret[key]]);
	}