六、Spring Cloud config分布式配置中心

概念

• 随着服务的增长，如果每个服务都有一个配置文件，那么当我们修改了配置中心的地址或者修改了一些别的配置，那么所有服务的配置文件都要修改，这对项目的维护很不友好。
• config配置中心组件就解决了上面问题。

构建Config Server

• 创建一个父工程
• 导入父工程相关坐标

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

    <groupId>com.forezp</groupId>
    <artifactId>sc-f-chapter6</artifactId>
    <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
    <packaging>pom</packaging>

    <modules>
        <module>config-server</module>
        <module>config-client</module>
    </modules>

    <name>sc-f-chapter6</name>
    <description>Demo project for Spring Boot</description>

    <parent>
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
        <version>2.0.3.RELEASE</version>
        <relativePath/>
    </parent>

   
    <properties>
        <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
        <project.reporting.outputEncoding>UTF-8</project.reporting.outputEncoding>
        <java.version>1.8</java.version>
        <spring-cloud.version>Finchley.RELEASE</spring-cloud.version>
    </properties>

    <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>

    <dependencyManagement>
        <dependencies>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-cloud-dependencies</artifactId>
                <version>${spring-cloud.version}</version>
                <type>pom</type>
                <scope>import</scope>
            </dependency>
        </dependencies>
    </dependencyManagement>

    <build>
        <plugins>
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
            </plugin>
        </plugins>
    </build>


</project>

• 创建一个spring-boot项目
• 导入相关坐标

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
	xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
	<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

	<groupId>com.forezp</groupId>
	<artifactId>config-server</artifactId>
	<version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
	<packaging>jar</packaging>

	<name>config-server</name>
	<description>Demo project for Spring Boot</description>

	<parent>
		<groupId>com.forezp</groupId>
		<artifactId>sc-f-chapter6</artifactId>
		<version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
	</parent>

	<dependencies>
		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
			<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
		</dependency>
		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
			<artifactId>spring-cloud-config-server</artifactId>
		</dependency>
	</dependencies>
	<build>
		<plugins>
			<plugin>
				<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
				<artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
			</plugin>
		</plugins>
	</build>


</project>

• 再程序启动类使用@EnableConfigServer注解开启配置服务功能

@SpringBootApplication
@EnableConfigServer
public class ConfigServerApplication {

	public static void main(String[] args) {
		SpringApplication.run(ConfigServerApplication.class, args);
	}
}

• 编写配置文件

spring.application.name=config-server
server.port=8888

spring.cloud.config.server.git.uri=https://github.com/forezp/SpringcloudConfig/  //配置git仓库地址
spring.cloud.config.server.git.searchPaths=respo  //配置仓库路径
spring.cloud.config.label=master  //配置仓库的分支
spring.cloud.config.server.git.username=  //git仓库帐号
spring.cloud.config.server.git.password=	//git仓库密码

• 远程仓库https://github.com/forezp/SpringcloudConfig/ 中有个文件config-client-dev.properties文件中有一个属性：

foo = foo version 3

• 启动程序：访问http://localhost:8888/foo/dev 可以获取到相应的配置文件信息

构建一个config client

• 创建一个spring boot 项目
• 导入相关坐标

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
	xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
	<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

	<groupId>com.forezp</groupId>
	<artifactId>config-client</artifactId>
	<version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
	<packaging>jar</packaging>

	<name>config-client</name>
	<description>Demo project for Spring Boot</description>

	<parent>
		<groupId>com.forezp</groupId>
		<artifactId>sc-f-chapter6</artifactId>
		<version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
	</parent>

	<dependencies>
		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
			<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
		</dependency>
		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
			<artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-config</artifactId>
		</dependency>
	</dependencies>

	<build>
		<plugins>
			<plugin>
				<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
				<artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
			</plugin>
		</plugins>
	</build>


</project>

• 其配置文件bootstrap.properties：

spring.application.name=config-client
spring.cloud.config.label=master  //指明远程仓库的分支
spring.cloud.config.profile=dev  //指定开发环境
spring.cloud.config.uri= http://localhost:8888/   //指明配置服务中心的网址
server.port=8881

• spring.cloud.config.label 指明远程仓库的分支

• spring.cloud.config.profile

    dev开发环境配置文件
    test测试环境
    pro正式环境
  

• spring.cloud.config.uri= http://localhost:8888/ 指明配置服务中心的网址。

• 程序的入口类，写一个API接口“／hi”，返回从配置中心读取的foo变量的值，代码如下：

@SpringBootApplication
@RestController
public class ConfigClientApplication {

	public static void main(String[] args) {
		SpringApplication.run(ConfigClientApplication.class, args);
	}

	@Value("${foo}")
	String foo;
	@RequestMapping(value = "/hi")
	public String hi(){
		return foo;
	}
}

• 打开网址访问：http://localhost:8881/hi，网页显示：

foo version 3