RabbitMQ-Routing

Routing路由模式

1. 队列与交换机的绑定，不是任意绑定，而是要指定一个RoutingKey

2. 消息的发送方在向 Exchange发送消息时，也必须指定消息的RoutingKey

3. Exchange不再把消息交给每一个绑定的队列， 而是根据消息的Routing Key进行判断，只有队列的Routingkey与消息的Rbuting key完全一致，才会接收到消息

P: 生产者，向Exchange发送消息，发送消息时，会指定一个Routing key

X: Exchange (交换机)，接收生产者的消息，然后把消息递交给与Routing key完全匹配的队列

C1: 消费者，其所在队列指定了需要Routing key为error的消息

C2: 消费者，其所在队列指定了需要Routing key为info、error、warning 的消息

代码实现

生产者：

public class Producer_Routing {
    public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException, TimeoutException {
        ConnectionFactory factory = new ConnectionFactory();
        factory.setHost("192.168.1.3");
        factory.setPort(5672);
        factory.setVirtualHost("/sx");
        factory.setUsername("sx");
        factory.setPassword("123456");
        Connection connection = factory.newConnection();
        Channel channel = connection.createChannel();

        String exchangeName = "test_direct";
        channel.exchangeDeclare(exchangeName, BuiltinExchangeType.DIRECT, true, false, false, null);

        //创建队列 2个
        String queue1 = "test_direct_queue1";
        String queue2 = "test_direct_queue2";
        channel.queueDeclare(queue1, true, false, false, null);
        channel.queueDeclare(queue2, true, false, false, null);

        //绑定队列和交换机
        channel.queueBind(queue1, exchangeName, "error");
        channel.queueBind(queue2, exchangeName, "info");
        channel.queueBind(queue2, exchangeName, "error");
        channel.queueBind(queue2, exchangeName, "warning");

        String body = "log";
        //发送消息
        //第一次
        //channel.basicPublish(exchangeName, "info", null, body.getBytes());
        //第二次
		channel.basicPublish(exchangeName, "error", null, body.getBytes());
        //释放资源
        channel.close();
        connection.close();
    }
}

消费者C1 只能收到Routing key为error的消息，并进行处理

package com.sx.consumer;

import com.rabbitmq.client.*;

import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.concurrent.TimeoutException;

public class Consumer_RoutingC1 {
    public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException, TimeoutException {
        ConnectionFactory factory = new ConnectionFactory();
        factory.setHost("192.168.1.3");
        factory.setPort(5672);
        factory.setVirtualHost("/sx");
        factory.setUsername("sx");
        factory.setPassword("123456");
        Connection connection = factory.newConnection();
        Channel channel = connection.createChannel();
        Consumer consumer = new DefaultConsumer(channel) {
            @Override
            public void handleDelivery(String consumerTag, Envelope envelope, AMQP.BasicProperties properties, byte[] body) throws IOException {
                System.out.println("body = " + new String(body));

                System.out.println("重大错误,错误信息已保存到数据库中!");
            }
        };
        channel.basicConsume("test_direct_queue1", true, consumer);
    }
}

消费者C2 可以收到Routing key为error、warning、info的消息，将信息打印到控制台

package com.sx.consumer;

import com.rabbitmq.client.*;

import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.concurrent.TimeoutException;

public class Consumer_RoutingC2 {
    public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException, TimeoutException {
        ConnectionFactory factory = new ConnectionFactory();
        factory.setHost("192.168.1.3");
        factory.setPort(5672);
        factory.setVirtualHost("/sx");
        factory.setUsername("sx");
        factory.setPassword("123456");
        Connection connection = factory.newConnection();
        Channel channel = connection.createChannel();
        Consumer consumer = new DefaultConsumer(channel) {
            @Override
            public void handleDelivery(String consumerTag, Envelope envelope, AMQP.BasicProperties properties, byte[] body) throws IOException {
                System.out.println("body = " + new String(body));
                System.out.println("打印日志到控制台");
            }
        };
        channel.basicConsume("test_direct_queue2", true, consumer);
    }
}

运行结果

第一次运行，Routing Key为info

第二次运行，Routing key为error