准备
- python IDLE 或其他python编译器
- 管理员打开cmd安装scrapy:pip install scrapy
- 测试网址:①http://quote.eastmoney.com/stock_list.html②https://quotes.sina.cn/search/
- 了解scrapy框架
步骤
- 建立工程和Spider模板
- 在项目文件夹pycode内,启动cmd命令:scrapy startproject XinLangStocks,项目文件夹中会新增XinLangStocks文件夹。
- 进入新增的文件夹,启动cmd命令:scrapy genspider stocks xinlang.com,在spiders文件夹内就会生成stocks.py文件。
- 修改stocks.py文件(功能:1.对返回页面的处理 2.修改对新增URL爬取请求的处理)
import scrapy
import re
class StocksSpider(scrapy.Spider):
name = 'stocks'
start_urls = ['http://quote.eastmoney.com/stock_list.html']
def parse(self, response):
for href in response.css('a::attr(href)').extract():
try:
stockCode = re.findall(r'\d{6}',href)[0]
url = 'http://stocks.sina.cn/fund/?code='+stockCode
yield scrapy.Request(url,meta={'stockCode':stockCode},callback=self.parse_stock)
except:
continue
def parse_stock(self,response):
infoDict = {}
stockCode = response.meta['stockCode']
priceList = response.css(".j_fund_value.fund_value::text").extract()
nameList = response.css(".fund_name::text").extract()
key = '最新净值'
try:
val = priceList[0]
except:
val = '--'
infoDict[key]=val
infoDict.update({'股票名称':nameList[0],'股票代码':stockCode})
yield infoDict
- 修改pipelines.py文件(功能:对stocks.py中生成器传过来的item进行处理,同时也可以启动其他一些回调函数)
class XinlangstocksPipeline(object):
def open_spider(self,spider):
self.f = open('BaidustocksInfo.txt','w')
def close_spider(self,spider):
self.f.close()
def process_item(self,item,spider):
try:
line = str(dict(item))+'\n'
self.f.write(line)
except:
pass
return item
- 声明pipelines.py中的class XinlangstocksPipeline(object):
- 在settings.py文件中找到以下被注释的代码,并把注释去掉
ITEM_PIPELINES = {
'XinLangStocks.pipelines.XinlangstocksPipeline': 300,
}
- 启动Scrapy爬虫:
- 在XinLangStocks文件夹内启动cmd命令:scrapy crawl stocks