概述
入门
pom.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<parent>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<version>2.1.5.RELEASE</version>
</parent>
<groupId>org.example</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot</artifactId>
<version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
<properties>
<java.versiona>1.8</java.versiona>
</properties>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
</project>
启动类
package com.gp;
import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
@SpringBootApplication //spring boot工具都有一个启动引导类,这是工程的入口类
public class Application {
public static void main(String[] args) {
SpringApplication.run(Application.class,args);
}
}
controller
package com.gp.controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;
@RestController
public class HelloController {
@GetMapping("hello")
public String hello()
{
return "Hello Spring Boot";
}
}
启动项目只需运行启动类的main方法。
快速部署插件
java代码方式配置
使用Java代码配置数据库连接池,并可以在处理器中注入使用:
引入依赖
<dependency>
<groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
<artifactId>druid</artifactId>
<version>1.1.10</version>
</dependency>
配置类
package com.gp.config;
import com.alibaba.druid.pool.DruidDataSource;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Value;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.PropertySource;
import javax.sql.DataSource;
@Configuration
@PropertySource("classpath:jdbc.properties")
public class JdbcConfig {
@Value("${jdbc.url}")
String url;
@Value("${jdbc.driver}")
String driver;
@Value("${jdbc.username}")
String username;
@Value("${jdbc.password}")
String password;
@Bean
public DataSource dataSource()
{
DruidDataSource dataSource=new DruidDataSource();
dataSource.setDriverClassName(driver);
dataSource.setUrl(url);
dataSource.setUsername(username);
dataSource.setPassword(password);
return dataSource;
}
}
controller
package com.gp.controller;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;
import javax.sql.DataSource;
@RestController
public class HelloController {
@Autowired
private DataSource dataSource;
@GetMapping("hello")
public String hello()
{
System.out.println("DataSource=" + dataSource);
return "Hello Spring Boot";
}
}
测试运行。
springBoot属性注入方式
将配置文件中的配置项读取到一个对象中:
配置项类
package com.gp.config;
import org.springframework.boot.context.properties.ConfigurationProperties;
/*
* 从配置文件application中读取配置项
* prefix表示配置项的前缀,即jdbc.url中的jdbc
* 配置项类中的变量名必须要与前缀之后的配置项名称保持松散绑定(相同)*/
@ConfigurationProperties(prefix = "jdbc")
public class JdbcProperties {
private String url;
private String driver;
private String username;
private String password;
public String getUrl() {
return url;
}
public void setUrl(String url) {
this.url = url;
}
public String getDriver() {
return driver;
}
public void setDriver(String driver) {
this.driver = driver;
}
public String getUsername() {
return username;
}
public void setUsername(String username) {
this.username = username;
}
public String getPassword() {
return password;
}
public void setPassword(String password) {
this.password = password;
}
}
注意,此时jdbc资源文件应修改为application.properties。
配置类
package com.gp.config;
import com.alibaba.druid.pool.DruidDataSource;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Value;
import org.springframework.boot.context.properties.EnableConfigurationProperties;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.PropertySource;
import javax.sql.DataSource;
@Configuration
//@PropertySource("classpath:application.properties")
@EnableConfigurationProperties(JdbcProperties.class)
public class JdbcConfig {
/*@Value("${jdbc.url}")
String url;
@Value("${jdbc.driver}")
String driver;
@Value("${jdbc.username}")
String username;
@Value("${jdbc.password}")
String password;
@Bean
public DataSource dataSource()
{
DruidDataSource dataSource=new DruidDataSource();
dataSource.setDriverClassName(driver);
dataSource.setUrl(url);
dataSource.setUsername(username);
dataSource.setPassword(password);
return dataSource;
}*/
@Bean
public DataSource dataSource(JdbcProperties jdbcProperties)
{
DruidDataSource dataSource=new DruidDataSource();
dataSource.setDriverClassName(jdbcProperties.getDriver());
dataSource.setUrl(jdbcProperties.getUrl());
dataSource.setUsername(jdbcProperties.getUsername());
dataSource.setPassword(jdbcProperties.getPassword());
return dataSource;
}
}
松散绑定:
更优雅的注入
package com.gp.config;
import com.alibaba.druid.pool.DruidDataSource;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Value;
import org.springframework.boot.context.properties.ConfigurationProperties;
import org.springframework.boot.context.properties.EnableConfigurationProperties;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.PropertySource;
import javax.sql.DataSource;
@Configuration
public class JdbcConfig {
@Bean
@ConfigurationProperties(prefix = "jdbc")
public DataSource dataSource()
{
return new DruidDataSource();
}
}
此时注意配置项文件中的配置项名称要符合druid规范。
多个yml文件配置
jdbc:
driverClassName= com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
url= jdbc:mysql://47.111.244.30:3306/test
username= root
password= Mengnan...11
#激活其他配置文件
spring:
profiles:
active: abc,def
取出其他配置文件中的值:
package com.gp.controller;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Value;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;
import javax.sql.DataSource;
@RestController
public class HelloController {
@Autowired
private DataSource dataSource;
@Value("${itcast.url}")
private String url1;
@Value("${itheima.url}")
private String url2;
@GetMapping("hello")
public String hello()
{
System.out.println("DataSource=" + dataSource);
System.out.println(url1 + '\n' + url2);
return "Hello Spring Boot";
}
}
SpringBoot整合
lombok应用
依赖:
<dependency>
<groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
<artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
</dependency>
测试:
package com.gp.pojo;
import lombok.Data;
import lombok.Getter;
import lombok.Setter;
import org.junit.Test;
import java.util.Date;
//在编译阶段会根据注解自动生成对应的方法;data包含get/set/hashcode/equals/toString等方法
@Data
@Getter
@Setter
public class User {
private int id;
private String username;
private String password;
private String name;
private Integer age;
private String sex;
private String note;
private Date birthday;
private Date created;
private Date updated;
@Test
public void test()
{
System.out.println(getAge());
setAge(18);
}
}
整合SpringMVC端口和静态资源
修改端口:
jdbc:
driverClassName= com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
url= jdbc:mysql://47.111.244.30:3306/test
username= root
password= Mengnan...11
#激活其他配置文件
spring:
profiles:
active: abc,def
#tomcat端口
server:
port: 80
将静态资源文件放置到上面提到的目录中可以直接访问静态资源。
整合SpringMVC拦截器
拦截器类
package com.gp.interceptor;
import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.HandlerInterceptor;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.ModelAndView;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
@Slf4j
public class MyInterceptor implements HandlerInterceptor {
@Override
public boolean preHandle(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response, Object handler) throws Exception {
System.out.println("PreHandler--------------");
log.debug("PreHandler--------------");
return true;
}
@Override
public void postHandle(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response, Object handler, ModelAndView modelAndView) throws Exception {
System.out.println("PostHandler--------------");
log.debug("PostHandler--------------");
}
@Override
public void afterCompletion(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response, Object handler, Exception ex) throws Exception {
System.out.println("afterCompletion--------------");
log.debug("afterCompletion--------------");
}
}
配置类
package com.gp.config;
import com.gp.interceptor.MyInterceptor;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.config.annotation.InterceptorRegistry;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.config.annotation.WebMvcConfigurer;
@Configuration
public class MvcConfig implements WebMvcConfigurer {
//注册拦截器
@Bean
public MyInterceptor myInterceptor()
{
return new MyInterceptor();
}
//添加拦截器到spring mvc拦截器链
@Autowired
MyInterceptor myInterceptor;
@Override
public void addInterceptors(InterceptorRegistry registry) {
registry.addInterceptor(myInterceptor).addPathPatterns("/*");
}
}
整合事务和连接池
依赖
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-jdbc</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>mysql</groupId>
<artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
<version>5.1.9</version>
</dependency>
配置
#激活其他配置文件
spring:
profiles:
active: abc,def
datasource:
driver-class-name: com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
url: jdbc:mysql://47.111.244.30:3306/test
username: root
password: Mengnan...11
整合mybatis
依赖
<dependency>
<groupId>org.mybatis.spring.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>mybatis-spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
<version>2.0.1</version>
</dependency>
配置
mybatis:
# 实体类别名包路径
type-aliases-package: com.gp.pojo
# 映射文件路径
#mapper-locations: classpath:mappers/*.xml
# 日志信息
configuration:
# 打印sql语句到控制台
log-impl: org.apache.ibatis.logging.stdout.StdOutImpl
设置mapperScan
package com.gp;
import org.mybatis.spring.annotation.MapperScan;
import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
@SpringBootApplication //spring boot工具都有一个启动引导类,这是工程的入口类
@MapperScan("com.gp.mapper")//扫描mybatis所有的业务mapper接口
public class Application {
public static void main(String[] args) {
SpringApplication.run(Application.class,args);
}
}
就是加一个扫描注解。
整合通用mapper
依赖
<dependency>
<groupId>tk.mybatis</groupId>
<artifactId>mapper-spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
<version>2.1.5</version>
</dependency>
改造UserMapper
package com.gp.mapper;
import com.gp.pojo.User;
import tk.mybatis.mapper.common.Mapper;
public interface UserMapper extends Mapper<User> {
}
改造启动类
package com.gp;
import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
import tk.mybatis.spring.annotation.MapperScan;
@SpringBootApplication //spring boot工具都有一个启动引导类,这是工程的入口类
//@MapperScan("com.gp.mapper")//扫描mybatis所有的业务mapper接口
@MapperScan("com.gp.mapper")
public class Application {
public static void main(String[] args) {
SpringApplication.run(Application.class,args);
}
}
注意使用正确包中的MapperScan
实体类改造
package com.gp.pojo;
import lombok.Data;
import lombok.Getter;
import lombok.Setter;
import lombok.ToString;
import org.junit.Test;
import tk.mybatis.mapper.annotation.KeySql;
import javax.persistence.Column;
import javax.persistence.Id;
import javax.persistence.Table;
import java.util.Date;
//在编译阶段会根据注解自动生成对应的方法;data包含get/set/hashcode/equals/toString等方法
@Data
@Getter
@Setter
@ToString
@Table(name="usr")
public class User {
@KeySql(useGeneratedKeys = true)//主键回填,插入一条数据后,将自增的主键回填到新增的对象中
@Id
private Long id;
//@Column(name="abc")//数据库中的字段名跟类中的字段名完全没有关系是才使用该注解,如果数据库中的字段名是user_name,类中字段名是userName,可以不使用该注解
private String username;
}
注意数据库自增型的id对象的Java类型是Long包装型。
改造service
package com.gp.service;
import com.gp.mapper.UserMapper;
import com.gp.pojo.User;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
public class UserService {
@Autowired
private UserMapper userMapper;
//根据id查询
public User queryById(int id)
{
return userMapper.selectByPrimaryKey(id);
}
//保存用户
public void saveUser(User user)
{
System.out.println("新增用户...");
//选择性新增,如果该属性为空则属性不会出现在insert上
userMapper.insertSelective(user);
}
}
UserMapper在注入的时候,使用Autowired会报错,使用Resource不会。
controller
package com.gp.controller;
import com.gp.pojo.User;
import com.gp.service.UserService;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Value;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PathVariable;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;
import javax.sql.DataSource;
@RestController
public class HelloController {
@Autowired
private UserService userService;
@RequestMapping("/user/{id}")
public User queryById(@PathVariable int id)
{
User user = userService.queryById(id);
System.out.println(user);
return user;
}
}
整合Junit
依赖
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
</dependency>
测试
选中类名,ctrl+shift+T创建测试类:
package com.gp.service;
import com.gp.pojo.User;
import org.junit.Test;
import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.boot.test.context.SpringBootTest;
import org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringRunner;
import static org.junit.Assert.*;
@RunWith(SpringRunner.class)
@SpringBootTest
public class UserServiceTest {
@Autowired
private UserService userService;
@Test
public void queryById()
{
User user = userService.queryById(1);
System.out.println(user);
}
@Test
public void saveUser()
{
User user = new User();
user.setUsername("test");
userService.saveUser(user);
}
}
整合redis
SpringBoot项目部署
加入插件
<build>
<plugins>
<!--打jar包时如果不配置该插件,打出来的jar包没有清单文件-->
<plugin>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
<version>2.3.5.RELEASE</version>
</plugin>
</plugins>
</build>
使用maven打包
跳过测试:
然后双击package。
部署
此时在服务器上可以直接访问相应的方法: