一、
#include<iostream>
using namespace std;
class Student{
public:
void get_value()
{
cout << "please input num, name and sex:" << endl;
cin >> num >> name >> sex;
}
void display()
{
cout << "num:" << num << endl;
cout << "name:" << name << endl;
cout << "sex:" << sex << endl;
}
private:
int num;
string name;
char sex;
};
class Student1:public Student{
public:
void get_value_1()
{
cout << "please input age, addr:" << endl;
cin >> age >> addr;
}
void display_1()
{
display();
cout << "age:" << age << endl;
cout << "address:" << addr << endl;
}
private:
int age;
string addr;
};
int main()
{
Student1 stud;
stud.get_value();
stud.get_value_1();
stud.display_1();
return 0;
}
我的样例运行结果如下:
二、
#include<iostream>
using namespace std;
class Student{
public:
void get_value()
{
cout << "please input num, name and sex:" << endl;
cin >> num >> name >> sex;
}
void display()
{
cout << "num:" << num << endl;
cout << "name:" << name << endl;
cout << "sex:" << sex << endl;
}
private:
int num;
string name;
char sex;
};
class Student1:private Student{
public:
void get_value_1()
{
get_value();
cout << "please input age, addr:" << endl;
cin >> age >> addr;
}
void display_1()
{
display();
cout << "age:" << age << endl;
cout << "address:" << addr << endl;
}
private:
int age;
string addr;
};
int main()
{
Student1 stud;
stud.get_value_1();
stud.display_1();
return 0;
}
我的样例运行结果如下:
三、
#include<iostream>
#include<string>
using namespace std;
class Student{
public:
protected:
int num;
string name;
char sex;
};
class Student1:protected Student{
public:
void get_value1();
void display1();
private:
int age;
string addr;
};
void Student1::get_value1()
{
cout << "please input num, name and sex:"<< endl;
cin >> num >> name >> sex;
cout << "please input age and addr:" << endl;
cin >> age >> addr;
}
void Student1::display1()
{
cout << "num:" << num << endl;
cout << "name:" << name << endl;
cout << "sex:" << sex << endl;
cout << "age:" << age << endl;
cout << "address:" << addr << endl;
}
int main()
{
Student1 stud;
stud.get_value1();
stud.display1();
return 0;
}
运行结果同上
四、
修改为公用继承public方式的C++代码如下:
#include<iostream>
#include<string>
using namespace std;
class Student{
public:
protected:
int num;
string name;
char sex;
};
class Student1:public Student{
public:
void get_value1();
void display1();
private:
int age;
string addr;
};
void Student1::get_value1()
{
cout << "please input num, name and sex:"<< endl;
cin >> num >> name >> sex;
cout << "please input age and addr:" << endl;
cin >> age >> addr;
}
void Student1::display1()
{
cout << "num:" << num << endl;
cout << "name:" << name << endl;
cout << "sex:" << sex << endl;
cout << "age:" << age << endl;
cout << "address:" << addr << endl;
}
int main()
{
Student1 stud;
stud.get_value1();
stud.display1();
return 0;
}
如果基类中有public的成员,则公用继承和保护继承不能互相代替。
派生类公用继承的情况下,类内类外皆可访问基类public成员
派生类保护继承的情况下,类内可以访问public成员,类外不可以用派生类访问基类public成员
五、
(1)b1.i可,因为i是public且是公有继承,b1.j、b1.k不可,j是保护成员,k是私有成员,类外不可访问
(2)都可以
测试C++代码如下:
#include<iostream>
using namespace std;
class A{
public:
void f1();
int i;
protected:
void f2()
{
cout << "f2()" << endl;
}
int j;
private:
int k;
};
class B:public A{
public:
void f3();
protected:
int m;
private:
int n;
};
void A::f1()
{
cout << "f1()" << endl;
}
void B::f3()
{
f1();
f2();
}
class C:public B{
public:
void f4();
private:
int p;
};
int main()
{
A a1;
B b1;
C c1;
b1.f3();
return 0;
}
(3)i和j可以,k不可以,因为k是基类A中的私有成员
测试C++代码如下:
#include<iostream>
using namespace std;
class A{
public:
void f1();
int i;
protected:
void f2()
{
cout << "f2()" << endl;
}
int j;
private:
int k;
};
class B:public A{
public:
void f3();
protected:
int m;
private:
int n;
};
void A::f1()
{
cout << "f1()" << endl;
}
void B::f3()
{
f1();
f2();
i = 0;
j = 0;
}
class C:public B{
public:
void f4();
private:
int p;
};
int main()
{
A a1;
B b1;
C c1;
b1.f3();
return 0;
}
(4)c1.i可,其他的protected、private都不可在类外使用
(5)f1()、f3()、f4()可,f2()不可
(6)都可以
测试C++代码如下:
#include<iostream>
using namespace std;
class A{
public:
void f1();
int i;
protected:
void f2()
{
cout << "f2()" << endl;
}
int j;
private:
int k;
};
class B:public A{
public:
void f3();
protected:
int m;
private:
int n;
};
void A::f1()
{
cout << "f1()" << endl;
}
void B::f3()
{
f1();
f2();
i = 0;
j = 0;
}
class C:public B{
public:
void f4()
{
f1();
f2();
f3();
}
private:
int p;
};
int main()
{
A a1;
B b1;
C c1;
b1.f3();
c1.f4();
return 0;
}
六、分析所有成员在各类的范围内的访问属性
- 对于A类:
在main函数中用a1能引用A类成员函数f1()
在A中成员函数中可以调用i,若成员函数为f1(),则还可以调用f2(),若成员函数为f2(),则还可以调用f1() - 对于B类:
在main函数中用b1能引用A类成员函数f1()以及派生类B类中的f3()和k
在B中成员函数中可调用f1(),f2(),k,m - 对于C类:
在main函数中用c1只能引用C类中的f4()
在C中成员函数可以调用f1(),f2(),f3(),k,m,n - 对于D类:
在main函数中用d1只能引用D类成员函数f5()
在D中成员函数中可调用f1(),f2(),f3(),k,f4(),C中的m成员变量,p, q
七、
#include<iostream>
using namespace std;
class A{
public:
A()
{
a = 0;
b = 0;
}
A(int i)
{
a = i;
b = 0;
}
A(int i, int j)
{
a = i;
b = j;
}
void display()
{
cout << "a = " << a << " b = " << b;
}
private:
int a, b;
};
class B : public A{
public:
B()
{
c = 0;
}
B(int i) : A(i)
{
c = 0;
}
B(int i, int j) : A(i, j)
{
c = 0;
}
B(int i, int j, int k) : A(i, j)
{
c = k;
}
void display1()
{
display();
cout << "c = " << c << endl;
}
private:
int c;
};
int main()
{
B b1;
B b2(1);
B b3(1, 3);
B b4(1, 3, 5);
b1.display1();
b2.display1();
b3.display1();
b4.display1();
return 0;
}
运行结果如下:
八、
#include<iostream>
using namespace std;
class A{
public:
A()
{
cout << "constructing A" << endl;
}
~A()
{
cout << "destructing A" << endl;
}
};
class B : public A{
public:
B()
{
cout << "constructing B" << endl;
}
~B()
{
cout << "destructing B" << endl;
}
};
class C : public B{
public:
C()
{
cout << "constructing C" << endl;
}
~C()
{
cout << "destructing C" << endl;
}
};
int main()
{
C c1;
return 0;
}
Attention!!!
在声明派生类时, 一般还应当自己定义派生类的构造函数和析构函数,因为构造函数和析构函数不能从基类继承
由于初始化C就会先构造A再构造B,所以构造完毕后就从C开始一步步析构掉
九、
因为题目是说Teacher和Cadre是基类,所以不得不在两个基类中重复定义姓名、年龄等通用信息,题目不严谨,一般都会定义一个People类,让Teacher和Cadre继承它
详细C++代码如下:
#include<bits/stdc++.h>
using namespace std;
class Teacher{
public:
Teacher(char *p, int age, char sex, char *address, int phone, char *title);
void display();
private:
char Name[20];
int Age;
char Sex;
char Address[20];
int Phone;
char Title[20];
};
Teacher::Teacher(char *p, int age, char sex, char *address, int phone, char *title)
{
strcpy(Name, p);
Age = age;
Sex = sex;
strcpy(Address, address);
Phone = phone;
strcpy(Title, title);
}
void Teacher::display()
{
cout << "Name:" << Name << endl;
cout << "Age:" << Age << endl;
cout << "Sex:" << Sex << endl;
cout << "Address:" << Address << endl;
cout << "Phone:" << Phone << endl;
cout << "Title:" << Title << endl;
}
class Cadre{
public:
Cadre(char *p, int age, char sex, char *address, int phone, char *post);
char *GetPost()
{
return Post;
}
private:
char Name[20];
int Age;
char Sex;
char Address[20];
int Phone;
char Post[20];
};
Cadre::Cadre(char *p, int age, char sex, char *address, int phone, char *post)
{
strcpy(Name, p);
Age = age;
Sex = sex;
strcpy(Address, address);
Phone = phone;
strcpy(Post, post);
}
class Teacher_Cadre : public Teacher, public Cadre{
public:
Teacher_Cadre(char *p, int age, char sex, char *address, int phone, char *title, char *post, float wages):Teacher(p, age, sex, address, phone, title), Cadre(p, age, sex, address, phone, post)
{
Wages = wages;
}
void show();
private:
float Wages;
};
void Teacher_Cadre::show()
{
Teacher::display();
cout << "Post:" << GetPost() << endl;
cout << "Wages:" << Wages << endl;
}
int main()
{
char name[20] = "Rihood";
char address[20] = "Cyprus";
char title[20] = "Teacher";
char post[20] = "Leader";
Teacher_Cadre tc(name, 20, 'm', address, 666, title, post, 30000);
tc.show();
return 0;
}
运行结果如下:
十、
#include<bits/stdc++.h>
using namespace std;
class Teacher{
public:
Teacher(int num, string name, char sex)
{
Num = num;
Name = name;
Sex = sex;
}
void display()
{
cout << "Num:" << Num << endl;
cout << "Name:" << Name << endl;
cout << "Sex:" << Sex << endl;
}
private:
int Num;
string Name;
char Sex;
};
class BirthDate{
public:
BirthDate()
{
}
BirthDate(int year, int month, int day)
{
Year = year;
Month = month;
Day = day;
}
void display2()
{
cout << "Year:" << Year << endl;
cout << "Month:" << Month << endl;
cout << "Day:" << Day << endl;
}
private:
int Year;
int Month;
int Day;
};
class Professor : public Teacher{
public:
Professor(int num, string name, char sex, BirthDate birth):Teacher(num, name, sex)
{
birthday = birth;
}
void Show()
{
display();
birthday.display2();
}
BirthDate birthday;
};
int main()
{
BirthDate birth(2000, 2, 30);
Professor prof1(24, "Rihood", 'm', birth);
prof1.Show();
BirthDate birth2(1999, 3, 14);
prof1.birthday = birth2;
prof1.Show();
return 0;
}
运行结果如下:
Attention!!!
BirthDate()无参构造函数一定要有