JWB10: Sevlet的文件上传与下载

最新推荐文章于 2024-09-30 10:36:33 发布

云杉先生和他的鹿

最新推荐文章于 2024-09-30 10:36:33 发布

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分类专栏： JavaWeb 文章标签： servlet jsp java

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/qq_44700366/article/details/119784805

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10.1 文件下载

10.1.1 简介

当我们在一个网站下载软件时，它是如何实现的。JSP页面请求servlet，servlet通过response响应给客户端

10.1.2 代码

JSP代码：

<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>
<html>
<body>
<form action="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/downloadFlac" method="get" style="align-items: center">
    <h1>南征北战 - 我的天空.flac</h1>
    <input type="submit" value="下载歌曲">
</form>
</body>
</html>

Servlet代码：

package com.yun.servlet;


import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.ServletOutputStream;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import java.io.FileInputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.net.URLEncoder;

public class DownLoadFileServlet extends HttpServlet {
    @Override
    protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
        //获取文件目录
        String url = "C:/Users/yun/Desktop/flac/81.南征北战 - 我的天空.flac";
        //获取文件名字
        String fileName = url.substring(url.lastIndexOf("/")+1);
        //设置响应头文件，让浏览器知道响应内容是个什么东西，能够支持下载
        resp.setHeader("Content-Disposition","attachment;filename="+ URLEncoder.encode(fileName,"utf8"));
        //创建文件输入流
        FileInputStream fileInputStream = new FileInputStream(url);
        //创建输出流
        ServletOutputStream out = resp.getOutputStream();
        //创建缓冲区
        int len =0;
        byte[] bytes =new byte[1024];

        while ((len=fileInputStream.read(bytes))!=0){
            out.write(bytes,0,len);
        }

        //关闭流
        fileInputStream.close();
        out.close();
    }

    @Override
    protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
        doGet(req, resp);
    }
}

web.xml注册：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>

<web-app xmlns="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee
                      http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_1.xsd"
         version="3.1"
         metadata-complete="true">
  <display-name>Welcome to Tomcat</display-name>
  
  <servlet>
    <servlet-name>download</servlet-name>
    <servlet-class>com.yun.servlet.DownLoadFileServlet</servlet-class>
  </servlet>
  <servlet-mapping>
    <servlet-name>download</servlet-name>
    <url-pattern>/downloadFlac</url-pattern>
  </servlet-mapping>
    
    
</web-app>

效果图：

在这里插入图片描述

10.2 文件上传

10.2.1 简介

在网站的使用中，我们常常需要上传文件，例如上传头衔、上传表格、上传文档等。

10.2.2 准备

Maven依赖：

<dependency>
            <groupId>commons-fileupload</groupId>
            <artifactId>commons-fileupload</artifactId>
            <version>1.3.3</version>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>commons-io</groupId>
            <artifactId>commons-io</artifactId>
            <version>2.6</version>
        </dependency>

10.2.3 代码

JSP代码：

<%--
  Created by IntelliJ IDEA.
  User: yun
  Date: 2021/8/18
  Time: 16:20
  To change this template use File | Settings | File Templates.
--%>
<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>
<html>
<head>
    <title>文件上传</title>
</head>
<body>

<form action="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/upload" method="post" enctype="multipart/form-data">
    <input type="file" name="file">
    <input type="submit" value="上传">
</form>

</body>
</html>

Servlet代码：

package com.yun.servlet;

import org.apache.commons.fileupload.FileItem;
import org.apache.commons.fileupload.disk.DiskFileItemFactory;
import org.apache.commons.fileupload.servlet.ServletFileUpload;

import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import java.io.File;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.PrintWriter;
import java.util.List;

public class UploadFileServlet extends HttpServlet {
    private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;
    // 上传文件存储目录
    private static final String UPLOAD_DIRECTORY = "WEB-INF/upload";

    // 上传配置
    private static final int MEMORY_THRESHOLD   = 1024 * 1024 * 3;  // 3MB
    private static final int MAX_FILE_SIZE      = 1024 * 1024 * 40; // 40MB
    private static final int MAX_REQUEST_SIZE   = 1024 * 1024 * 50; // 50MB
    @Override
    protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
        // 检测是否为多媒体上传
        resp.setCharacterEncoding("utf8");
        System.out.println("已经进入");
        if (!ServletFileUpload.isMultipartContent(req)) {
            // 如果不是则停止
            PrintWriter writer = resp.getWriter();
            writer.println("上传失败，内容非");
            writer.flush();
            System.out.println("文件判断失败");
            return;
        }

        // 配置上传参数
        DiskFileItemFactory factory = new DiskFileItemFactory();
        // 设置内存临界值 - 超过后将产生临时文件并存储于临时目录中
        factory.setSizeThreshold(MEMORY_THRESHOLD);
        // 设置临时存储目录
        factory.setRepository(new File(System.getProperty("java.io.tmpdir")));

        ServletFileUpload upload = new ServletFileUpload(factory);

        // 设置最大文件上传值
        upload.setFileSizeMax(MAX_FILE_SIZE);

        // 设置最大请求值 (包含文件和表单数据)
        upload.setSizeMax(MAX_REQUEST_SIZE);

        // 中文处理
        upload.setHeaderEncoding("UTF-8");

        // 构造临时路径来存储上传的文件
        // 这个路径相对当前应用的目录
        String uploadPath = req.getServletContext().getRealPath("./") + File.separator + UPLOAD_DIRECTORY;


        // 如果目录不存在则创建
        File uploadDir = new File(uploadPath);
        if (!uploadDir.exists()) {
            uploadDir.mkdir();
        }

        try {
            // 解析请求的内容提取文件数据
            @SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
            List<FileItem> formItems = upload.parseRequest(req);

            if (formItems != null && formItems.size() > 0) {
                // 迭代表单数据
                for (FileItem item : formItems) {
                    // 处理不在表单中的字段
                    if (!item.isFormField()) {
                        String fileName = new File(item.getName()).getName();
                        String filePath = uploadPath + File.separator + fileName;
                        File storeFile = new File(filePath);
                        // 在控制台输出文件的上传路径
                        System.out.println(filePath);
                        // 保存文件到硬盘
                        item.write(storeFile);
                        req.setAttribute("message",
                                "文件上传成功!");
                    }
                }
            }
        } catch (Exception ex) {
            req.setAttribute("message",
                    "错误信息: " + ex.getMessage());
        }
        // 跳转到 success.jsp
        req.getRequestDispatcher("/success.jsp").forward(req, resp);

    }

    @Override
    protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
        doGet(req, resp);
    }
}

上传之后的跳转页面：

<%--
  Created by IntelliJ IDEA.
  User: yun
  Date: 2021/8/18
  Time: 16:23
  To change this template use File | Settings | File Templates.
--%>
<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"
         pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN"
"http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html>
<head>
    <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
    <title>文件上传结果</title>
</head>
<body>
<center>
    <h2>${message}</h2>
</center>
</body>
</html>

web.xml配置

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>

<web-app xmlns="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee
                      http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_1.xsd"
         version="3.1"
         metadata-complete="true">

  <display-name>Welcome to Tomcat</display-name>
  <welcome-file-list>
    <welcome-file>fileUpload.jsp</welcome-file>
  </welcome-file-list>
  
  
  <servlet>
    <servlet-name>upload</servlet-name>
    <servlet-class>com.yun.servlet.UploadFileServlet</servlet-class>
  </servlet>
  <servlet-mapping>
    <servlet-name>upload</servlet-name>
    <url-pattern>/upload</url-pattern>
  </servlet-mapping>
</web-app>