开发实用篇——数据层解决方案

SQL（数据源+持久化+数据库）

Druid+MyBtais-Plus+MySQL

• 现有数据层解决方案技术选型

  数据源：DruidDataSource
  持久化技术：MyBtais-Plus/MyBatis
  数据库：MySQL

• Druid配置格式(两种，推荐第二种)

spring:
  datasource:
    driver-class-name: com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver
    url: jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/mybatis?serverTimezone=UTC
    username: root
    password: 123456
    type: com.alibaba.druid.pool.DruidDataSourc

spring:
  datasource:
    druid:
      driver-class-name: com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver
      url: jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/mybatis?serverTimezone=UTC
      username: root
      password: 123456

内嵌数据源

HikariCP

• 默认的内置数据源对象

spring:
  datasource:
    url: jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/mybatis?serverTimezone=UTC
    hikari:
      driver-class-name: com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver
      username: root
      password: 123456

Tomcat提供DataSource

• HikariCP不可用的情况下，且在Web环境中，将使用tomcat服务器配置的数据源对象

spring:
  datasource:
    url: jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/mybatis?serverTimezone=UTC
    tomcat:
      driver-class-name: com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver
      username: root
      password: 123456

Commons DBCP

• 前两者都可使用的情况下会使用dbcp数据源

spring:
  datasource:
    url: jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/mybatis?serverTimezone=UTC
    dbcp2:
      driver-class-name: com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver
      username: root
      password: 123456

JdbcTemplate（持久化技术MyBtis和MyBatis-Plus）

• 导入jdbc依赖注释掉mybatis-plus依赖

<dependency>
    <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-jdbc</artifactId>
</dependency>

---

• 编写测试类
• 查询

    @Test
    void testJdbcTemplate(){
        String sql = "select * from t_book";
        RowMapper<Book> rm = new RowMapper<Book>(){
            @Override
            public Book mapRow(ResultSet rs, int i) throws SQLException {
                Book temp = new Book();
                temp.setId(rs.getInt("id"));
                temp.setName(rs.getString("name"));
                temp.setType(rs.getString("type"));
                temp.setDescription(rs.getString("description"));
                return temp;
            }
        };
        List<Book> list = jdbcTemplate.query(sql, rm);
        System.out.println(list);
    }

• 新增

    @Test
    void testJdbcTemplateSave(){
        String sql = "insert into t_book values (null, 'spring1', 'spring2', 'spring3')";
        int update = jdbcTemplate.update(sql);
        System.out.println(update);
    }

• JDBC的配置项目
  

内置数据库

H2

---

使用JDBC来连接H2

• 导入依赖

        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.h2database</groupId>
            <artifactId>h2</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-jdbc</artifactId>
        </dependency>

spring:
  h2:
    console:
      enabled: true
      path: /h2 # 上线之前务必修改为fasle否则会有重大的安全隐患
  datasource:
    url: jdbc:h2:~/test
    hikari:
      driver-class-name: org.h2.Driver
      username: sa
      password: 123456
      maximum-pool-size: 50

• 测试

  @Autowired
  private JdbcTemplate jdbcTemplate;
   
  @Test
  void testJdbcTemplateSave(){
      String sql = "insert into t_book values (3, 'spring3', 'spring3', 'spring3')";
      int update = jdbcTemplate.update(sql);
      System.out.println(update);
  }

---

使用MyBatis-Plus来连接H2

        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.h2database</groupId>
            <artifactId>h2</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.baomidou</groupId>
            <artifactId>mybatis-plus-boot-starter</artifactId>
            <version>3.4.2</version>
        </dependency>

• 配置

mybatis-plus:
  global-config:
    db-config:
      table-prefix: t_
      id-type: auto
  configuration:
    log-impl: org.apache.ibatis.logging.stdout.StdOutImpl # 标准的日志输出

spring:
  h2:
    console:
      enabled: true
      path: /h2
  datasource:
    url: jdbc:h2:~/test
    hikari:
      driver-class-name: org.h2.Driver
      username: sa
      password: 123456
      maximum-pool-size: 50

• 测试

    @Autowired
    private BookDao bookDao;

    @Test
    void contextLoads() {
        bookDao.selectById(1);
    }

HSQL

Derby

技术选型

NoSQL

Redis

Redis简介

• key-value存储结构的内存级NoSQL数据库

  支持多种数据存储格式
  支持持久化
  支持集群

• 服务端启动命令

redis-server.exe redis.windows.conf

• 客户端启动命令

redis-cli.exe

• 添加数据

set a1 aa1
hset keya a1 aa1

Spring Boot整合Redis

• 导入依赖

<dependency>
    <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-data-redis</artifactId>
</dependency>

• 配置文件

spring:
  redis:
    host: localhost
    port: 6379

• 测试

@SpringBootTest
class Springboot13RedisApplicationTests {

    @Autowired
    private RedisTemplate redisTemplate;

    @Test
    void set() {
        ValueOperations ops = redisTemplate.opsForValue();
        ops.set("age",41);
    }
    @Test
    void get() {
        ValueOperations ops = redisTemplate.opsForValue();
        Object age = ops.get("age");
        System.out.println(age);
    }

    @Test
    void hset() {
        HashOperations hops = redisTemplate.opsForHash();
        hops.put("info","name","ssc");
    }
    @Test
    void hget() {
        HashOperations hops = redisTemplate.opsForHash();
        Object o = hops.get("info", "name");
        System.out.println(o);
    }
}

• 各种redis操作的API
  

Spring Boot读写Redis客户端

Mongo

启动

• 服务端启动

mongod --dbpath=..\data\db

• 客户端启动

mongo --host=127.0.0.1 --port=27017

mongo基础操作

• 增

db.book.save({"name":"springBoot"})

• 查

db.getCollection('book').find({})
db.book.find({type:"springBoot"})

• 删

db.book.remove({type:"springBoot"})

• 改

// 遇到第一条满足条件的就修改
db.book.update({name:"springBoot"},{$set:{name:"springBoot2"}})

整合MongoDB

• 整合

<dependency>
    <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-data-mongodb</artifactId>
</dependency>

• 必要配置

spring:
  data:
    mongodb:
      uri: mongodb://localhost/ssc

• 测试

@SpringBootTest
class SpringBoot14MongoApplicationTests {

    @Autowired
    private MongoTemplate mongoTemplate;

    @Test
    void testSave() {
        Book book = new Book();
        book.setId(2);
        book.setName("哈哈哈");
        book.setType("文学");
        book.setDescription("这是一本文学书");
        mongoTemplate.save(book);
    }

    @Test
    void testFind() {
        List<Book> all = mongoTemplate.findAll(Book.class);
        System.out.println(all);
    }
}

ES

• Elasticsearch是一个分布式全文搜索引擎

启动ES

双击bin目录下面的 elasticsearch.bat文件

基本操作

http://localhost:9200/books/

• 遵循restFul风格的API请求
• 创建索引时携带的请求体

{
    "mappings":{
        "properties":{
            "id":{
                "type":"keyword"
            },
            "name":{
                "type":"text",
                "analyzer":"ik_max_word",
                "copy_to":"all"
            },
            "type":{
                 "type":"keyword"
            },
            "description":{
                "type":"text",
                "analyzer":"ik_max_word",
                "copy_to":"all"
            },
            "all":{
                "type":"text",
                "analyzer":"ik_max_word"
            }
        }
    }
}

创建文档

查询

删除

修改

低版本Elasticsearch整合

• 导入依赖

<dependency>
	<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
	<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-data-elasticsearch</artifactId>
</dependency>

• 配置

spring:
  datasource:
    druid:
      driver-class-name: com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver
      url: jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/mybatis?serverTimezone=UTC
      username: root
      password: 123456
  elasticsearch:
    rest:
      uris: http://localhost:9200

mybatis-plus:
  global-config:
    db-config:
      table-prefix: t_
      id-type: auto
  configuration:
    log-impl: org.apache.ibatis.logging.stdout.StdOutImpl

• 测试

注入ES的bean 通过bean来获取低版本的各种操作

高版本Elasticsearch整合

• 导入依赖

<dependency>
    <groupId>org.elasticsearch.client</groupId>
    <artifactId>elasticsearch-rest-high-level-client</artifactId>
</dependency>

• 测试（通过setup和tearDown来统一创建客户端连接和关闭连接）

@SpringBootTest
class Springboot15EsApplicationTests {
    //@Autowired
    //private ElasticsearchRestTemplate template; // 低级别

    private RestHighLevelClient client;
	 
	 // 造个客户端
    @BeforeEach
    void setUp() {
        HttpHost host = HttpHost.create("http://localhost:9200");
        RestClientBuilder builder = RestClient.builder(host);
        client = new RestHighLevelClient(builder);
    }
	// 关闭客户端
    @AfterEach
    void tearDown() throws IOException {
        client.close();
    }

    @Test
    void testCreateIndex() throws IOException {
        CreateIndexRequest request = new CreateIndexRequest("books");
        client.indices().create(request, RequestOptions.DEFAULT);
    }
}

添加文档

• postman中不会出现问题，但是IDEA中会出现问题

    @Test
    void testCreateIndexByIk() throws IOException {
        CreateIndexRequest request = new CreateIndexRequest("books");
        String json = "{\n" +
                "    \"mappings\":{\n" +
                "        \"properties\":{\n" +
                "            \"id\":{\n" +
                "                \"type\":\"keyword\"\n" +
                "            },\n" +
                "            \"name\":{\n" +
                "                \"type\":\"text\",\n" +
                "                \"analyzer\":\"ik_max_word\",\n" +
                "                \"copy_to\":\"all\"\n" +
                "            },\n" +
                "            \"type\":{\n" +
                "                 \"type\":\"keyword\"\n" +
                "            },\n" +
                "            \"description\":{\n" +
                "                \"type\":\"text\",\n" +
                "                \"analyzer\":\"ik_max_word\",\n" +
                "                \"copy_to\":\"all\"\n" +
                "            },\n" +
                "            \"all\":{\n" +
                "                \"type\":\"text\",\n" +
                "                \"analyzer\":\"ik_max_word\"\n" +
                "            }\n" +
                "        }\n" +
                "    }\n" +
                "}";
        // 设置请求中的参数
        request.source(json, XContentType.JSON);
        client.indices().create(request, RequestOptions.DEFAULT);
    }