ABAP实用新语法

1. DATA(ls_data) = gt_data[ index ].
   使用此语法，可以省去read,直接读取指定行号的数据，但需要判断gt_data不是否有指定index行，需要catch 异常CX_SY_ITAB_LINE_NOT_FOUND异常，会直接dump.
2. Line_exists

 IF line_exists( gt_data[ field1 = ' '  field2 = ' ' ] ). ENDIF.

使用此语法，可判断内表中行是否有满足条件的，无需LOOP判断，省去好多代码。
3. Select 内表
select 内表，可以i对内表使用sql的语法。例如：取内表某一列的最大值，就可以直接MAX，无需排序后，读第一行，
需要append a表 to B表时，但A表字段与B表字段数量不一致时，可以使用

   SELECT FROM @a表 AS a
          FIELDS field1
          APPENDING CORRESPONDING FIELDS OF TABLE @b表.

4. 前导0处理

 lv_field = |{ lv_field ALPHA = OUT }|.//去前导0

  lv_field = |{ lv_field ALPHA = IN }|.//加前导0

5. Value

 lr_data[] = VALUE #( sign = 'I' option = 'BT' ( low = 1 high = 2 )
                                             ( low = 3 high = 4 )
                                             ( low = 4 high = 5 )
                               option = 'EQ' ( low = 6 ) ).

对range表赋值，非常简便。

lt_data[]  = value #( for wa in gt_data
										  where  ( field1 = '01' and field2 = '02 )   ( wa ) ).

赋值指定条件的数据
6.Group 分组循环

loop	at lt_data into data(ls_data) group by ( field = ls_data-field )
							 ascending  assigning field-symbol(<group>).
	loop	at group <group> assigning field-symbol(<fs>).
		
	end loop.
endloop.	

分组处理，不像at end of 那样需要调整字段顺序。
7. Replace

lv_string1 = 'statements'.
lv_string2 = 'asffasfa'..
write:  replace(    val = lv_string1
                    sub = 'sta'
                    case = abap_true
                    with = to_upper( lv_string2 ) "如果发现sta,用lv_char2的大写替换
                    occ = 2  )."如果occ为正，则从左边开始计数;如果occ为负，则从右数。值1、2、....表示第一，第二，事件。取值为-1、-2、....表示最后一个，倒数第二个，。

8. Conv

WRITE: |Converte Date: { CONV d( sy-datum + 7 ) DATE = USER } |."CONV conversion data type

转换为当前用户的日期格式
9. Case

    TRY.
        
      CATCH cx_root INTO DATA(exc).
        CASE TYPE OF exc.
          WHEN TYPE cx_sy_arithmetic_error.
            out->display( 'Arithmetic error' ).
          WHEN TYPE cx_sy_conversion_error.
            out->display( 'Conversion error' ).
          WHEN OTHERS.
            out->display( 'Other error' ).
        ENDCASE.
    ENDTRY.

抓异常，分异常类型报错
10. Conditional Operator
根据不同条件赋值，一般是写Case或If,下面这些可以在定义时赋值，并且在else中抓取异常

COND:

    DATA(time) = COND string(
          WHEN sy-timlo < '120000' THEN |{ sy-timlo TIME = ISO } AM|
          WHEN sy-timlo > '120000' THEN |{ CONV t( sy-timlo - 12 * 3600 ) TIME = ISO } PM|
          WHEN sy-timlo = '120000' THEN |High Noon|
          ELSE THROW cx_cant_be( ) ).

Switch:

  DATA(number) = SWITCH string( sy-index
                                WHEN 1 THEN 'one'
                                WHEN 2 THEN 'two'
                                WHEN 3 THEN 'three'
                                ELSE THROW cx_overflow( ) ).

11. CORRESPONDING

Mapping:
lt_datax = CORRESPONDING #( lt_data MAPPING row = row1 ).
Except:
lt_datax = CORRESPONDING #( lt_data MAPPING row = row1 EXCEPT col  ).
lookup:
TYPES:BEGIN OF ty_data,
        row TYPE c,
        col TYPE c,
      END OF ty_data.
DATA:lt_data  TYPE STANDARD TABLE OF ty_data WITH NON-UNIQUE SORTED KEY mkey COMPONENTS row,
     lt_datax TYPE TABLE OF ty_data,
     lt_temp TYPE TABLE OF ty_data.
DATA:lv_str TYPE string.

lt_data = VALUE #(  ( row = '1' col = 'A' )
                    ( row = '2' col = 'B' ) ).
lt_datax = VALUE #( ( row = '1' col = '' )
                    ( row = '1' col = '' )
                    ( row = '2' col = '' ) ).
lt_datax = CORRESPONDING #( lt_datax FROM lt_data USING key mkey row = row EXCEPT row ).
输出结果：
ROW	COL
1	A
1	A
2	B