目录
1.句子所有成分
- 主干部分:主语、谓语、表语、宾语
- 修饰成分:同位语、定语、状语、补语
主语:谓语动作的发出者
宾语:宾语动作的承受者
表语:说明主语状态(she is beautiful)
同位语:解释名词的成分
定语:修饰名词的成分
状语:修饰除了名词以外的所有的成分
补语:对宾语进行补充说明。其实相当于定语,不重要
- 主语:名词、代词、非谓语动词、从句
- 谓语:实义动词、系动词
- 宾语:名词、代词、非谓语动词、从句
- 表语:名词、代词、非谓语动词、从句、形容词、介词短语
- 同位语:名词、代词、非谓语动词、从句
- 定语:名词、代词、非谓语动词、从句、介词短语、形容词
- 状语:副词、介词短语、非谓语动词、从句
总结规律:
- 非谓语动词充当的成分、从句都能充当
- 主语、宾语、同位语一样:主语和宾语通过被动可以调换顺序
- 表语和定语的成分一样:表语有点像修饰主语的,定语是修饰名词的(主语是名词:名词、代词只替代名词出现、非谓语名词也叫动名词、从句叫名词性从句)
2.练习
例子1:my mother is an elegant lady
- my mother is a lady of elegance
- my mother is a lady as elegant as a lily(百合花)
- my mother is a lady looking as elegant as a lily(系动词没有被动)
- my mother is a lady who looks as elegant as a lily
例子2:she killed her husband
- she killed her husband with a sharp knife
- she,applying a sharp knife,killed her husband
- when she applied a sharp knife , she killed her husband
- she killed her husband cruelly
从句充当的成分,非谓语都可以充当
- that i met you is my honor
- meeting you is my honor
例子3:my dream is passing the national examination of postgraduates
- my dream is that i pass the national examination of postgraduates
3.长难句的模样
(状语),主语+(定语/同位语/状语)谓语+宾语(定语/同位语/状语)
- 句子肯定有主谓宾(表)
- 括号里面的可能有,也可能没有
练习:English is vital
- English ,a universal language throughout the world,is vital(同位语)
- English ,a universal language throughout the world,is vital although it is hard recite these words
练习:i will recommend you a tourist attraction
- i ,a university student in this university,will recommend you a tourist attraction(同位语)
- i ,a university student in this university,will recommend you a tourist attraction which keeps popular with Chinese travelers
拉长句子:
4.Tips
- 可数名词不能单独使用
- 所有的系动词都可以替换be动词
- 系动词没有被动
- 逗号不能连接两个句子
- 介词只替代名词出现
- 介词后面跟名词
- 状语的位置很灵活,随便放