长难句——考研英语刘晓燕#7

句子所有成分大总结

句子所有成分

主干成分：主语、谓语、宾语、表语(说明主语的状态)

修饰成分：同位语、定语、状语、补语

主语：名词、代词、非谓语动词、从句
谓语：实义动词、系动词
宾语：名词、代词、非谓语动词、从句
表语：名词、代词、非谓语动词、从句、形容词、介词短语
I am a teacher.（n.）
Teacher is me. (代词)

同位语：名词，代词，非谓语动词，从句
定语：名词 (of +n.)，代词，非谓语，从句，形容词、介词短语
状语：副词，介词短语、非谓语动词、从句

主语、宾语和同位语是一样的，同位语一般都放在主语和宾语后面。
介词短语只能作定语（名词后）、表语（系动词后）和状语（实义动词后）。

e.g.
修饰主语
My ma is an elegant lady. （名词）
My ma is a lady of elegance. （名词短语）
My ma is a lady as elegant as a lily. (介词短语)
My ma is a lady looking as elegant as lily. (非谓语动词)
系动词没有被动语态
My ma is a lady who looks as elegant as lily. （从句）

状语
She killed her husband with a sharp knife.
She, applying a sharp knife, killed her husband.
When she applied a sharp knife, she killed her husband.
She killed her husband cruelly

从句和非谓语可作的成分一致

主语从句
That I met you is my honor.
Meeting you is my honor.

表语从句
My dream is to pass the examination of postgraduates.
My dream is that pass the examination of postgraduates.

长难句的样子

（状语/As非限制定语），主语（定语/同位语/状语）+谓语+宾语（定语/同位语/状语）