AWT
AWT介绍
- 包含了很多类和接口。用于GUI编程:图形用户界面编程
- 元素:窗口,按钮,文本框
- java.awt
组件和容器
Frame
package com.akita.lesson01;
import java.awt.*;
//GUI的第一个界面
public class TestFrame {
public static void main(String[] args) {
//Frame对象
Frame frame = new Frame("我的第一个Java图形界面窗口");
//需要设置可见性
frame.setVisible(true);
//设置窗口大小
frame.setSize(400, 300);
//设置背景颜色
frame.setBackground(new Color(59, 63, 65));
//设置弹出的初始位置
frame.setLocation(200, 200);
//设置大小固定
frame.setResizable(false);
}
}
运行效果
问题:发现窗口无法关闭
简单封装一下快速建立三个窗口
package com.akita.lesson01;
import java.awt.*;
public class TestFrame2 {
public static void main(String[] args) {
MyFrame myFrame = new MyFrame(100, 100, 200, 200, Color.blue);
MyFrame myFrame1 = new MyFrame(400, 400, 200, 200, Color.red);
MyFrame myFrame2 = new MyFrame(600, 600, 200, 200, Color.gray);
}
}
class MyFrame extends Frame {
static int id = 0;
public MyFrame(int x, int y, int w, int h, Color color) {
super("MyFrame" + (++id));
setVisible(true);
setBounds(x, y, w, h);
setBackground(color);
}
}
运行效果
面板
解决了窗口关闭事件
package com.akita.lesson01;
import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.WindowAdapter;
import java.awt.event.WindowEvent;
public class TestPanel {
public static void main(String[] args) {
Frame frame = new Frame();
//new一个面板
Panel panel = new Panel();
//设置布局
frame.setLayout(null);
//坐标
frame.setBounds(300, 300, 500, 500);
frame.setBackground(new Color(24, 154, 74));
//panel设置坐标,相对于frame
panel.setBounds(50, 50, 400, 400);
panel.setBackground(new Color(243, 20, 20));
//frame添加一个panel
frame.add(panel);
frame.setVisible(true);
//监听事件,监听窗口关闭事件
frame.addWindowListener(new WindowAdapter() {
//窗口关闭要做的事情
@Override
public void windowClosing(WindowEvent e) {
super.windowClosing(e);
System.exit(0);
}
});
}
}
运行效果
三种布局管理器
流式布局
package com.akita.lesson01;
import java.awt.*;
public class TestFlowLayout {
public static void main(String[] args) {
Frame frame = new Frame();
//组件--按钮
Button button1 = new Button("button1");
Button button2 = new Button("button2");
Button button3 = new Button("button3");
Button button4 = new Button("button4");
//设置为流式布局
frame.setLayout(new FlowLayout(FlowLayout.LEFT));
frame.setSize(200, 200);
//添加按钮
frame.add(button1);
frame.add(button2);
frame.add(button3);
frame.add(button4);
frame.setVisible(true);
}
}
运行效果
东南西北中(BorderLayout)
package com.akita.lesson01;
import java.awt.*;
public class TestBorderLayout {
public static void main(String[] args) {
Frame frame = new Frame("TestBorderLayout");
frame.setBackground(new Color(1, 1, 1));
Button east = new Button("East");
Button west = new Button("West");
Button south = new Button("South");
Button north = new Button("North");
Button center = new Button("Center");
frame.add(east, BorderLayout.EAST);
frame.add(west, BorderLayout.WEST);
frame.add(south, BorderLayout.SOUTH);
frame.add(north, BorderLayout.NORTH);
frame.add(center, BorderLayout.CENTER);
frame.setSize(500, 500);
frame.setVisible(true);
}
}
运行效果
表格布局
package com.akita.lesson01;
import java.awt.*;
public class TestGridLayout {
public static void main(String[] args) {
Frame frame = new Frame("TestGridLayout");
Button btn1 = new Button("btn1");
Button btn2 = new Button("btn2");
Button btn3 = new Button("btn3");
Button btn4 = new Button("btn4");
Button btn5 = new Button("btn5");
Button btn6 = new Button("btn6");
frame.setLayout(new GridLayout(3, 2));
frame.add(btn1);
frame.add(btn2);
frame.add(btn3);
frame.add(btn4);
frame.add(btn5);
frame.add(btn6);
frame.setSize(200, 200);
frame.setBackground(new Color(1, 1, 1));
frame.setVisible(true);
}
}
运行效果
总结
- Frame是一个顶级窗口
- Panel无法单独显示,必须添加到一个容器中
- 布局管理器:
- 流式布局
- 东西南北中
- 表格布局
- 大小,定位,背景颜色,可见性,监听。
- 综合运用代码如下:
package com.akita.lesson01;
import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.WindowAdapter;
import java.awt.event.WindowEvent;
public class TestHomework {
public static void main(String[] args) {
Frame frame = new Frame("布局的综合使用");
frame.setSize(400, 400);
frame.setLocation(300, 300);
frame.setLayout(new GridLayout(2, 1));
frame.setBackground(new Color(1, 1, 1));
Panel panel1 = new Panel(new BorderLayout());
Panel panel2 = new Panel(new GridLayout(2, 1));
Panel panel3 = new Panel(new BorderLayout());
Panel panel4 = new Panel(new GridLayout(2, 2));
panel2.add(new Button("p2-btn-1"));
panel2.add(new Button("p2-btn-2"));
panel1.add(new Button("East-1"), BorderLayout.EAST);
panel1.add(new Button("West-1"), BorderLayout.WEST);
panel1.add(panel2, BorderLayout.CENTER);
for (int i = 0; i < 4; i++) {
panel4.add(new Button("p4-btn-" + i));
}
panel3.add(new Button("East-3"), BorderLayout.EAST);
panel3.add(new Button("West-3"), BorderLayout.WEST);
panel3.add(panel4, BorderLayout.CENTER);
frame.add(panel1);
frame.add(panel3);
frame.addWindowListener(new WindowAdapter() {
@Override
public void windowClosing(WindowEvent e) {
System.exit(0);
}
});
frame.setVisible(true);
}
}
运行效果
事件监听
事件监听:当某个事情发生的时候,干什么?
事件监听代码演示
package com.akita.lesson02;
import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.ActionEvent;
import java.awt.event.ActionListener;
import java.awt.event.WindowAdapter;
import java.awt.event.WindowEvent;
public class TestActionEvent {
public static void main(String[] args) {
//按下按钮,触发一些事件
Frame frame = new Frame();
frame.setBackground(new Color(1, 1, 1));
frame.setSize(200, 200);
windowClose(frame);
Button button = new Button("test");
//因为,addActionListener需要一个ActionListener,所以我们构造了一个ActionListener
MyActionListener myActionListener = new MyActionListener();
button.addActionListener(myActionListener);
frame.add(button, BorderLayout.CENTER);
frame.setVisible(true);
}
private static void windowClose(Frame frame) {
frame.addWindowListener(new WindowAdapter() {
@Override
public void windowClosing(WindowEvent e) {
System.exit(0);
}
});
}
}
class MyActionListener implements ActionListener {
@Override
public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
System.out.println("aaaa");
}
}
多个按钮共享一个事件监听器
package com.akita.lesson02;
import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.ActionEvent;
import java.awt.event.ActionListener;
public class TestActionEvent2 {
public static void main(String[] args) {
Frame frame = new Frame("开始和停止");
frame.setSize(400, 400);
frame.setBackground(new Color(1, 1, 1));
//两个按钮实现同一个监听
Button button1 = new Button("开始");
Button button2 = new Button("停止");
//可以显示的定义触发返回的命令,如果不定义会走默认值
//这个可以实现多个按钮只用一个监听类
button2.setActionCommand("button2-stop");
MyMonitor myMonitor = new MyMonitor();
button1.addActionListener(myMonitor);
button2.addActionListener(myMonitor);
frame.add(button1, BorderLayout.NORTH);
frame.add(button2, BorderLayout.SOUTH);
frame.setVisible(true);
}
}
class MyMonitor implements ActionListener {
@Override
public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
//获得按钮的信息
System.out.println("按钮被点击了" + e.getActionCommand());
}
}
输入框TextFiled的事件监听
package com.akita.lesson02;
import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.ActionEvent;
import java.awt.event.ActionListener;
public class TestText01 {
public static void main(String[] args) {
MyFrame myFrame = new MyFrame();
}
}
class MyFrame extends Frame {
public MyFrame() {
setSize(400, 400);
TextField textField = new TextField();
add(textField);
//监听这个文本框输入的文字
MyActionListener2 myActionListener2 = new MyActionListener2();
//按下回车,就会触发这个输入框的事件
textField.addActionListener(myActionListener2);
//替换文字的演示
textField.setEchoChar('*');
setVisible(true);
}
}
class MyActionListener2 implements ActionListener {
@Override
public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
TextField textField = (TextField) e.getSource(); //获得一些资源
System.out.println(textField.getText());//获得输入框中的文本
textField.setText("");
}
}
画笔
package com.akita.lesson02;
import java.awt.*;
public class TestPaint {
public static void main(String[] args) {
new MyPaint().loadFrame();
}
}
class MyPaint extends Frame {
public void loadFrame() {
setBounds(500, 200, 600, 400);
setVisible(true);
}
@Override
public void paint(Graphics g) {
//画笔需要有颜色,画笔可以画画
g.setColor(Color.red);
//g.drawOval(100, 100, 100, 100);
g.fillOval(100, 100, 100, 100);
g.setColor(Color.GREEN);
g.fillRect(250, 250, 175, 100);
//养成习惯,画笔用完,将它恢复成默认的颜色
}
}
鼠标监听
package com.akita.lesson02;
import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.MouseAdapter;
import java.awt.event.MouseEvent;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Iterator;
//鼠标监听事件
public class TestMouseListener {
public static void main(String[] args) {
MyFrame frame = new MyFrame("画图");
}
}
class MyFrame extends Frame {
//画画需要画笔,需要监听鼠标当前位置,需要集合来存储这些点
private ArrayList points;
public MyFrame(String title) {
super(title);
points = new ArrayList<>();
setBounds(200, 200, 700, 550);
this.addMouseListener(new MyMouseListener());
setBackground(new Color(1, 1, 1));
setVisible(true);
}
@Override
public void paint(Graphics g) {
Iterator iterator = points.iterator();
while (iterator.hasNext()) {
Point point = (Point) iterator.next();
g.setColor(Color.blue);
g.fillOval(point.x, point.y, 10, 10);
}
}
//添加一个点
public void addpaint(Point point) {
points.add(point);
}
private class MyMouseListener extends MouseAdapter {
//鼠标点击 按下 弹起 按住不放
@Override
public void mousePressed(MouseEvent e) {
//按钮点击事件
MyFrame myFrame = (MyFrame) e.getSource();
//这个点是鼠标点击的点
myFrame.addpaint(new Point(e.getX(), e.getY()));
myFrame.repaint();
}
}
}
窗口监听
package com.akita.lesson02;
import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.WindowAdapter;
import java.awt.event.WindowEvent;
public class TestWindow {
public static void main(String[] args) {
new WindowFrame();
}
}
class WindowFrame extends Frame {
public WindowFrame() {
setBounds(200, 200, 500, 350);
setBackground(Color.CYAN);
this.addWindowListener(new WindowAdapter() {
//关闭窗口
@Override
public void windowClosing(WindowEvent e) {
System.out.println("windowClosing");
}
//激活窗口
@Override
public void windowActivated(WindowEvent e) {
System.out.println("windowActivated");
}
});
setVisible(true);
}
}
键盘监听
package com.akita.lesson02;
import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.KeyAdapter;
import java.awt.event.KeyEvent;
//按键监听
public class TestKeyListener {
public static void main(String[] args) {
new KeyFrame();
}
}
class KeyFrame extends Frame {
public KeyFrame() {
setBounds(200, 200, 600, 450);
setBackground(Color.CYAN);
this.addKeyListener(new KeyAdapter() {
//键盘按下触发
@Override
public void keyPressed(KeyEvent e) {
//获得键盘上的哪个按键按下,获得当前按键按下的键盘码
int keyCode = e.getKeyCode(); //不需要记住键盘码,使用KeyEvent.VK_UP静态属性
System.out.println(keyCode);
if (keyCode == KeyEvent.VK_UP) {
System.out.println("你按下了上键");
}
//根据不同的按键,产生不同的结果
}
});
setVisible(true);
}
}