CentOS安装Elasticsearch7.6.2及bug汇总

版本信息：

CentOS：CentOS Linux release 7.9.2009 (Core)

Elasticsearch：7.6.2

Elasticsearch 安装

下载 Elasticsearch

wget https://artifacts.elastic.co/downloads/elasticsearch/elasticsearch-7.6.2-linux-x86_64.tar.gz

或者直接访问官网：https://www.elastic.co/cn/downloads/elasticsearch

解压 Elasticsearch

tar -zxvf elasticsearch-7.6.2-linux-x86_64.tar.gz

运行 Elasticsearch

# 切换到 elasticsearch-7.6.2 目录下
cd elasticsearch-7.6.2

# 前台启动
bin/elasticsearch

# 后台启动
bin/elasticsearch -d

访问 Elasticsearch

使用：curl 127.0.0.1:9200 访问，返回如下信息

{
  "name" : "localhost.localdomain",
  "cluster_name" : "elasticsearch",
  "cluster_uuid" : "NzGdP6LDS3qEAFn81M9_QQ",
  "version" : {
    "number" : "7.6.2",
    "build_flavor" : "default",
    "build_type" : "tar",
    "build_hash" : "ef48eb35cf30adf4db14086e8aabd07ef6fb113f",
    "build_date" : "2020-03-26T06:34:37.794943Z",
    "build_snapshot" : false,
    "lucene_version" : "8.4.0",
    "minimum_wire_compatibility_version" : "6.8.0",
    "minimum_index_compatibility_version" : "6.0.0-beta1"
  },
  "tagline" : "You Know, for Search"
}

bug 汇总

1、JDK 版本问题

报错信息：

future versions of Elasticsearch will require Java 11; your Java version from [/opt/jdk1.8.0_141/jre] does not meet this requirement
[2022-06-03T18:47:51,635][ERROR][o.e.b.ElasticsearchUncaughtExceptionHandler] [localhost.localdomain] uncaught exception in thread [main]
org.elasticsearch.bootstrap.StartupException: java.lang.RuntimeException: can not run elasticsearch as root
	at org.elasticsearch.bootstrap.Elasticsearch.init(Elasticsearch.java:174) ~[elasticsearch-7.6.2.jar:7.6.2]
	at org.elasticsearch.bootstrap.Elasticsearch.execute(Elasticsearch.java:161) ~[elasticsearch-7.6.2.jar:7.6.2]
	at org.elasticsearch.cli.EnvironmentAwareCommand.execute(EnvironmentAwareCommand.java:86) ~[elasticsearch-7.6.2.jar:7.6.2]
	at org.elasticsearch.cli.Command.mainWithoutErrorHandling(Command.java:125) ~[elasticsearch-cli-7.6.2.jar:7.6.2]
	at org.elasticsearch.cli.Command.main(Command.java:90) ~[elasticsearch-cli-7.6.2.jar:7.6.2]
	at org.elasticsearch.bootstrap.Elasticsearch.main(Elasticsearch.java:126) ~[elasticsearch-7.6.2.jar:7.6.2]
	at org.elasticsearch.bootstrap.Elasticsearch.main(Elasticsearch.java:92) ~[elasticsearch-7.6.2.jar:7.6.2]
Caused by: java.lang.RuntimeException: can not run elasticsearch as root
	at org.elasticsearch.bootstrap.Bootstrap.initializeNatives(Bootstrap.java:105) ~[elasticsearch-7.6.2.jar:7.6.2]
	at org.elasticsearch.bootstrap.Bootstrap.setup(Bootstrap.java:172) ~[elasticsearch-7.6.2.jar:7.6.2]
	at org.elasticsearch.bootstrap.Bootstrap.init(Bootstrap.java:349) ~[elasticsearch-7.6.2.jar:7.6.2]
	at org.elasticsearch.bootstrap.Elasticsearch.init(Elasticsearch.java:170) ~[elasticsearch-7.6.2.jar:7.6.2]
	... 6 more
uncaught exception in thread [main]
java.lang.RuntimeException: can not run elasticsearch as root
	at org.elasticsearch.bootstrap.Bootstrap.initializeNatives(Bootstrap.java:105)
	at org.elasticsearch.bootstrap.Bootstrap.setup(Bootstrap.java:172)
	at org.elasticsearch.bootstrap.Bootstrap.init(Bootstrap.java:349)
	at org.elasticsearch.bootstrap.Elasticsearch.init(Elasticsearch.java:170)
	at org.elasticsearch.bootstrap.Elasticsearch.execute(Elasticsearch.java:161)
	at org.elasticsearch.cli.EnvironmentAwareCommand.execute(EnvironmentAwareCommand.java:86)
	at org.elasticsearch.cli.Command.mainWithoutErrorHandling(Command.java:125)
	at org.elasticsearch.cli.Command.main(Command.java:90)
	at org.elasticsearch.bootstrap.Elasticsearch.main(Elasticsearch.java:126)
	at org.elasticsearch.bootstrap.Elasticsearch.main(Elasticsearch.java:92)
For complete error details, refer to the log at /opt/elasticsearch-7.6.2/logs/elasticsearch.log

解决方式

下载JDK11，配置即可

wget https://repo.huaweicloud.com/java/jdk/11+28/jdk-11_linux-x64_bin.tar.gz

解压到指定目录（我解压到/opt目录下了）。修改配置文件

[root@localhost bin]# pwd
/usr/local/src/elasticsearch/bin
[root@localhost bin]# vi elasticsearch

添加下列信息：

#配置自己的jdk11
export JAVA_HOME=/opt/jdk-11.0.1
export PATH=$JAVA_HOME/bin:$PATH


#添加jdk判断
if [ -x "$JAVA_HOME/bin/java" ]; then
        JAVA="/opt/jdk-11.0.1/bin/java"
else
        JAVA=`which java`
fi

为了方便参考，这里贴上完整的配置文件 elasticsearch

#!/bin/bash

# CONTROLLING STARTUP:
#
# This script relies on a few environment variables to determine startup
# behavior, those variables are:
#
#   ES_PATH_CONF -- Path to config directory
#   ES_JAVA_OPTS -- External Java Opts on top of the defaults set
#
# Optionally, exact memory values can be set using the `ES_JAVA_OPTS`. Note that
# the Xms and Xmx lines in the JVM options file must be commented out. Example
# values are "512m", and "10g".
#
#   ES_JAVA_OPTS="-Xms8g -Xmx8g" ./bin/elasticsearch

#配置自己的jdk11
export JAVA_HOME=/opt/jdk-11.0.1
export PATH=$JAVA_HOME/bin:$PATH

source "`dirname "$0"`"/elasticsearch-env

if [ -z "$ES_TMPDIR" ]; then
  ES_TMPDIR=`"$JAVA" -cp "$ES_CLASSPATH" org.elasticsearch.tools.launchers.TempDirectory`
fi

ES_JVM_OPTIONS="$ES_PATH_CONF"/jvm.options
JVM_OPTIONS=`"$JAVA" -cp "$ES_CLASSPATH" org.elasticsearch.tools.launchers.JvmOptionsParser "$ES_JVM_OPTIONS"`
ES_JAVA_OPTS="${JVM_OPTIONS//\$\{ES_TMPDIR\}/$ES_TMPDIR}"

#添加jdk判断
if [ -x "$JAVA_HOME/bin/java" ]; then
        JAVA="/opt/jdk-11.0.1/bin/java"
else
        JAVA=`which java`
fi

# manual parsing to find out, if process should be detached
if ! echo $* | grep -E '(^-d |-d$| -d |--daemonize$|--daemonize )' > /dev/null; then
  exec \
    "$JAVA" \
    $ES_JAVA_OPTS \
    -Des.path.home="$ES_HOME" \
    -Des.path.conf="$ES_PATH_CONF" \
    -Des.distribution.flavor="$ES_DISTRIBUTION_FLAVOR" \
    -Des.distribution.type="$ES_DISTRIBUTION_TYPE" \
    -Des.bundled_jdk="$ES_BUNDLED_JDK" \
    -cp "$ES_CLASSPATH" \
    org.elasticsearch.bootstrap.Elasticsearch \
    "$@"
else
  exec \
    "$JAVA" \
    $ES_JAVA_OPTS \
    -Des.path.home="$ES_HOME" \
    -Des.path.conf="$ES_PATH_CONF" \
    -Des.distribution.flavor="$ES_DISTRIBUTION_FLAVOR" \
    -Des.distribution.type="$ES_DISTRIBUTION_TYPE" \
    -Des.bundled_jdk="$ES_BUNDLED_JDK" \
    -cp "$ES_CLASSPATH" \
    org.elasticsearch.bootstrap.Elasticsearch \
    "$@" \
    <&- &
  retval=$?
  pid=$!
  [ $retval -eq 0 ] || exit $retval
  if [ ! -z "$ES_STARTUP_SLEEP_TIME" ]; then
    sleep $ES_STARTUP_SLEEP_TIME
  fi
  if ! ps -p $pid > /dev/null ; then
    exit 1
  fi
  exit 0
fi

exit $?

2、权限问题

java.lang.RuntimeException: can not run elasticsearch as root

报错信息：

Java HotSpot(TM) 64-Bit Server VM warning: Option UseConcMarkSweepGC was deprecated in version 9.0 and will likely be removed in a future release.
[2022-06-03T19:33:53,347][ERROR][o.e.b.ElasticsearchUncaughtExceptionHandler] [localhost.localdomain] uncaught exception in thread [main]
org.elasticsearch.bootstrap.StartupException: java.lang.RuntimeException: can not run elasticsearch as root
	at org.elasticsearch.bootstrap.Elasticsearch.init(Elasticsearch.java:174) ~[elasticsearch-7.6.2.jar:7.6.2]
	at org.elasticsearch.bootstrap.Elasticsearch.execute(Elasticsearch.java:161) ~[elasticsearch-7.6.2.jar:7.6.2]
	at org.elasticsearch.cli.EnvironmentAwareCommand.execute(EnvironmentAwareCommand.java:86) ~[elasticsearch-7.6.2.jar:7.6.2]
	at org.elasticsearch.cli.Command.mainWithoutErrorHandling(Command.java:125) ~[elasticsearch-cli-7.6.2.jar:7.6.2]
	at org.elasticsearch.cli.Command.main(Command.java:90) ~[elasticsearch-cli-7.6.2.jar:7.6.2]
	at org.elasticsearch.bootstrap.Elasticsearch.main(Elasticsearch.java:126) ~[elasticsearch-7.6.2.jar:7.6.2]
	at org.elasticsearch.bootstrap.Elasticsearch.main(Elasticsearch.java:92) ~[elasticsearch-7.6.2.jar:7.6.2]
Caused by: java.lang.RuntimeException: can not run elasticsearch as root
	at org.elasticsearch.bootstrap.Bootstrap.initializeNatives(Bootstrap.java:105) ~[elasticsearch-7.6.2.jar:7.6.2]
	at org.elasticsearch.bootstrap.Bootstrap.setup(Bootstrap.java:172) ~[elasticsearch-7.6.2.jar:7.6.2]
	at org.elasticsearch.bootstrap.Bootstrap.init(Bootstrap.java:349) ~[elasticsearch-7.6.2.jar:7.6.2]
	at org.elasticsearch.bootstrap.Elasticsearch.init(Elasticsearch.java:170) ~[elasticsearch-7.6.2.jar:7.6.2]
	... 6 more
uncaught exception in thread [main]
java.lang.RuntimeException: can not run elasticsearch as root
	at org.elasticsearch.bootstrap.Bootstrap.initializeNatives(Bootstrap.java:105)
	at org.elasticsearch.bootstrap.Bootstrap.setup(Bootstrap.java:172)
	at org.elasticsearch.bootstrap.Bootstrap.init(Bootstrap.java:349)
	at org.elasticsearch.bootstrap.Elasticsearch.init(Elasticsearch.java:170)
	at org.elasticsearch.bootstrap.Elasticsearch.execute(Elasticsearch.java:161)
	at org.elasticsearch.cli.EnvironmentAwareCommand.execute(EnvironmentAwareCommand.java:86)
	at org.elasticsearch.cli.Command.mainWithoutErrorHandling(Command.java:125)
	at org.elasticsearch.cli.Command.main(Command.java:90)
	at org.elasticsearch.bootstrap.Elasticsearch.main(Elasticsearch.java:126)
	at org.elasticsearch.bootstrap.Elasticsearch.main(Elasticsearch.java:92)
For complete error details, refer to the log at /opt/elasticsearch-7.6.2/logs/elasticsearch.log

报错的原因是：Elasticsearch 不能使用 root 用户进行启动

解决方式：

使用下面的命令新建一个用户即可（用户名没有限制），下面以新建一个 es 的用户名

# 新建用户 es
useradd es

# 设置密码。这个密码在测试环境下可以不设置
passwd es

# 切换为 es 用户
su es

3、新增的用户没有执行的权限

Exception in thread “main” java.nio.file.AccessDeniedException: /opt/elasticsearch-7.6.2/config/jvm.options

报错信息：

Exception in thread "main" java.nio.file.AccessDeniedException: /opt/elasticsearch-7.6.2/config/jvm.options
	at java.base/sun.nio.fs.UnixException.translateToIOException(UnixException.java:90)
	at java.base/sun.nio.fs.UnixException.rethrowAsIOException(UnixException.java:111)
	at java.base/sun.nio.fs.UnixException.rethrowAsIOException(UnixException.java:116)
	at java.base/sun.nio.fs.UnixFileSystemProvider.newByteChannel(UnixFileSystemProvider.java:215)
	at java.base/java.nio.file.Files.newByteChannel(Files.java:370)
	at java.base/java.nio.file.Files.newByteChannel(Files.java:421)
	at java.base/java.nio.file.spi.FileSystemProvider.newInputStream(FileSystemProvider.java:420)
	at java.base/java.nio.file.Files.newInputStream(Files.java:155)
	at org.elasticsearch.tools.launchers.JvmOptionsParser.main(JvmOptionsParser.java:64)

解决方式：

# 退出上一步登陆的 es 用户
exit

# 为 elasticsearch-7.6.2 文件夹的所有文件增加权限
chmod -R 755 /opt/elasticsearch-7.6.2

# 然后再次切换到 es 用户。启动

4、新增的用户没有写 log 文件的权限

报错信息：

Exception in thread "main" java.lang.RuntimeException: starting java failed with [1]
output:
[0.000s][error][logging] Error opening log file 'logs/gc.log': Permission denied
[0.000s][error][logging] Initialization of output 'file=logs/gc.log' using options 'filecount=32,filesize=64m' failed.
error:
Java HotSpot(TM) 64-Bit Server VM warning: Option UseConcMarkSweepGC was deprecated in version 9.0 and will likely be removed in a future release.
Could not rename log file 'logs/gc.log' to 'logs/gc.log.01' (Permission denied).
Invalid -Xlog option '-Xlog:gc*,gc+age=trace,safepoint:file=logs/gc.log:utctime,pid,tags:filecount=32,filesize=64m', see error log for details.
Error: Could not create the Java Virtual Machine.
Error: A fatal exception has occurred. Program will exit.
	at org.elasticsearch.tools.launchers.JvmErgonomics.flagsFinal(JvmErgonomics.java:123)
	at org.elasticsearch.tools.launchers.JvmErgonomics.finalJvmOptions(JvmErgonomics.java:88)
	at org.elasticsearch.tools.launchers.JvmErgonomics.choose(JvmErgonomics.java:59)
	at org.elasticsearch.tools.launchers.JvmOptionsParser.main(JvmOptionsParser.java:95)

解决方式：

# 退出上一步登陆的 es 用户
exit

# 为 elasticsearch-7.6.2 文件夹的所有文件增加权限
chmod -R 777 /opt/elasticsearch-7.6.2/logs/*

# 然后再次切换到 es 用户。启动

5、没有 data 目录

Unable to access 'path.data' (/opt/elasticsearch-7.6.2/data)

在elasticsearch目录下新建 data 目录，并修改权限

mkdir /opt/elasticsearch-7.6.2/data

chmod 777 /opt/elasticsearch-7.6.2/data