C语言实现mosquitto发布、订阅消息

C语言实现mosquitto发布、订阅消息

1、安装mosquitto

1.1、编译安装

• 安装依赖

sudo apt-get install libssl-dev
sudo apt-get install uuid-dev
sudo apt-get install cmake

• 下载资源包
  下载地址：https://mosquitto.org/download/

wget https://mosquitto.org/files/source/mosquitto-1.6.12.tar.gz

• 解压

tar -zxvf mosquitto-1.6.12.tar.gz

• 进入源码目录

cd mosquitto-1.6.12/

• 编译、安装

make
sudo make install

• 链接
  当我们在使用mosquitto的时侯库要我们自己链接。

$(CC) mqtt_sub.c -I ./mosq/mosquitto-1.6.12/lib -L ./mosq/mosquitto-1.6.12/lib -lmosquitto

1.2、直接安装

• 安装服务器端

sudo apt-get install mosquitto

• 安装客户端

sudo apt install mosquitto-clients

2、发布

#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <string.h>
#include "mosquitto.h"

#define HOST "xxxxxx"
#define PORT  1883
#define KEEP_ALIVE 60
#define MSG_MAX_SIZE  512

static int running = 1;

void my_connect_callback(struct mosquitto *mosq, void *obj, int rc)
{
        printf("Call the function: my_connect_callback\n");

}

void my_disconnect_callback(struct mosquitto *mosq, void *obj, int rc)
{
        printf("Call the function: my_disconnect_callback\n");
        running = 0;
}

void my_publish_callback(struct mosquitto *mosq, void *obj, int mid)
{
        printf("Call the function: my_publish_callback\n");

}


int main()
{
        int ret;
        struct mosquitto *mosq;
		char buff[MSG_MAX_SIZE];
		
		//初始化libmosquitto库
        ret = mosquitto_lib_init();
        if(ret){
                printf("Init lib error!\n");
                return -1;
        }
		//创建一个发布端实例
        mosq =  mosquitto_new("pub_test", true, NULL);
        if(mosq == NULL){
                printf("New pub_test error!\n");
                mosquitto_lib_cleanup();
                return -1;
        }

		//设置回调函数
        mosquitto_connect_callback_set(mosq, my_connect_callback);
		mosquitto_disconnect_callback_set(mosq, my_disconnect_callback);
        mosquitto_publish_callback_set(mosq, my_publish_callback);

		// 连接至服务器
        // 参数：句柄、ip（host）、端口、心跳
        ret = mosquitto_connect(mosq, HOST, PORT, KEEP_ALIVE);
        if(ret){
                printf("Connect server error!\n");
                mosquitto_destroy(mosq);
                mosquitto_lib_cleanup();
                return -1;
        }

        printf("Start!\n");
		
        //mosquitto_loop_start作用是开启一个线程，在线程里不停的调用 mosquitto_loop() 来处理网络信息
		
		int loop = mosquitto_loop_start(mosq); 
		if(loop != MOSQ_ERR_SUCCESS)
		{
			printf("mosquitto loop error\n");
			return 1;
		}


		while(fgets(buff, MSG_MAX_SIZE, stdin) != NULL)
		{
			/*发布消息*/
			mosquitto_publish(mosq,NULL,"test",strlen(buff)+1,buff,0,0);
			memset(buff,0,sizeof(buff));
		}

        mosquitto_destroy(mosq);
        mosquitto_lib_cleanup();
        printf("End!\n");

        return 0;
}

3、订阅

#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>
#include "mosquitto.h"

#define HOST "xxxxxxx"
#define PORT  1883
#define KEEP_ALIVE 60
#define MSG_MAX_SIZE  512

// 定义运行标志决定是否需要结束
static int running = 1;

void my_connect_callback(struct mosquitto *mosq, void *obj, int rc)
{
        printf("Call the function: on_connect\n");

        if(rc){
                // 连接错误，退出程序
                printf("on_connect error!\n");
                exit(1);
        }else{
                // 订阅主题
                // 参数：句柄、id、订阅的主题、qos
                if(mosquitto_subscribe(mosq, NULL, "test", 2)){
                        printf("Set the topic error!\n");
                        exit(1);
                }
        }
}

void my_disconnect_callback(struct mosquitto *mosq, void *obj, int rc)
{
        printf("Call the function: my_disconnect_callback\n");
        running = 0;
}

void my_subscribe_callback(struct mosquitto *mosq, void *obj, int mid, int qos_count, const int *granted_qos)
{
        printf("Call the function: on_subscribe\n");
}

void my_message_callback(struct mosquitto *mosq, void *obj, const struct mosquitto_message *msg)
{
        printf("Call the function: on_message\n");
        printf("Recieve a message of %s : %s\n", (char *)msg->topic, (char *)msg->payload);

        if(0 == strcmp(msg->payload, "quit")){
                mosquitto_disconnect(mosq);
        }
}


int main()
{
        int ret;
        struct mosquitto *mosq;

        // 初始化mosquitto库
        ret = mosquitto_lib_init();
        if(ret){
                printf("Init lib error!\n");
                return -1;
        }

        // 创建一个订阅端实例
        // 参数：id（不需要则为NULL）、clean_start、用户数据
        mosq =  mosquitto_new("sub_test", true, NULL);
        if(mosq == NULL){
                printf("New sub_test error!\n");
                mosquitto_lib_cleanup();
                return -1;
        }

        // 设置回调函数
        // 参数：句柄、回调函数
        mosquitto_connect_callback_set(mosq, my_connect_callback);
		mosquitto_disconnect_callback_set(mosq, my_disconnect_callback);
        mosquitto_subscribe_callback_set(mosq, my_subscribe_callback);
        mosquitto_message_callback_set(mosq, my_message_callback);

        // 连接至服务器
        // 参数：句柄、ip（host）、端口、心跳
       ret = mosquitto_connect(mosq, HOST, PORT, KEEP_ALIVE);
        if(ret){
                printf("Connect server error!\n");
                mosquitto_destroy(mosq);
                mosquitto_lib_cleanup();
                return -1;
        }


         // 开始通信：循环执行、直到运行标志running被改变
        printf("Start!\n");
        while(running)
        {
                mosquitto_loop(mosq, -1, 1);
        }

        // 结束后的清理工作
        mosquitto_destroy(mosq);
        mosquitto_lib_cleanup();
        printf("End!\n");

        return 0;
}

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  这里我单独说一下回调函数，这里有几个回调函数,如下

mosquitto_connect_callback_set(mosq, my_connect_callback);
mosquitto_disconnect_callback_set(mosq, my_disconnect_callback);
mosquitto_subscribe_callback_set(mosq, my_subscribe_callback);
mosquitto_message_callback_set(mosq, my_message_callback);

• mosquitto_subscribe_callback_set()

这个函数叫做【中间函数】或者【登记回调函数】，他的职能是监控事件的发生。

• my_subscribe_callback

相应的这个函数就是回调函数，他是事件发生后实现的方法。

• 回调函数的执行主要分为一下几个步骤：

1、主函数需要调用回调函数

2、中间函数登记回调函数

3、触发回调函数事件

4、调用回调函数

5、响应回调事件

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  举一个例子，某天你去超市买东西，你要买的东西没有了，然后你给超市店员说你买的东西到了给你打电话，过了几天东西到了，店员给你打电话，然后你去超市买了东西。

  这个例子里面，店员是登记回调函数，电话号码是回调函数，东西到了是触发回调事件，店员给你打电话是调用回调函数，你去取东西是相应回调事件