原生Ajax请求

最新推荐文章于 2024-01-13 22:40:12 发布

小陈冲呀

最新推荐文章于 2024-01-13 22:40:12 发布

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分类专栏： java web

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/qq_45220351/article/details/110147337

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用到的jar包：gson-2.2.4.jar
ajax.xml文件

<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html>
	<head>
		<meta http-equiv="pragma" content="no-cache" />
		<meta http-equiv="cache-control" content="no-cache" />
		<meta http-equiv="Expires" content="0" />
		<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
		<title>Insert title here</title>
		<!--
		ajax是一种浏览器通过js异步发起请求。局部更新页面的技术
		 -->
		<script type="text/javascript">
			//在这里使用javascript语言发起Ajax请求，访问服务器AjaxServlet中javaScriptAjax
			function ajaxRequest() {
// 				1、我们首先要创建XMLHttpRequest
				var xmlhttprequest=new XMLHttpRequest();
// 				2、调用open方法设置请求参数
				xmlhttprequest.open("Get","http://localhost:8080/json_ajax_i18n/ajax?action=javaScriptAjax",true);
// 4、在send方法前绑定onreadystatechange事件，处理请求完成后的操作。
				xmlhttprequest.onreadystatechange=function (){
					if(xmlhttprequest.readyState==4&&xmlhttprequest.status==200){
						let parse = JSON.parse(xmlhttprequest.responseText);
						document.getElementById("div01").innerHTML="编号"+parse.id+"name:"+parse.name;
					}
				}
// 				3、调用send方法发送请求
				xmlhttprequest.send();
			}
		</script>
	</head>
	<body>	
		<button onclick="ajaxRequest()">ajax request</button>
		<div id="div01">
		</div>
	</body>
</html>

baseservlet类：

import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.lang.reflect.Method;

public abstract class BaseServlet extends HttpServlet {

    @Override
    protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
        doPost(req, resp);
    }

    protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
        // 解决post请求中文乱码问题
        // 一定要在获取请求参数之前调用才有效
        req.setCharacterEncoding("UTF-8");
        // 解决响应中文乱码问题
        resp.setContentType("text/html; charset=UTF-8");

        String action = req.getParameter("action");
        try {
            // 获取action业务鉴别字符串，获取相应的业务 方法反射对象
            Method method = this.getClass().getDeclaredMethod(action, HttpServletRequest.class, HttpServletResponse.class);
//            System.out.println(method);
            // 调用目标业务 方法
            method.invoke(this, req, resp);
        } catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }
}

ajaxservlet继承baseservlet类：

import com.atshangqiu.pojo.Person;
import com.google.gson.Gson;

import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import java.io.IOException;

public class AjaxServlet extends BaseServlet{
    protected void javaScriptAjax(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
        System.out.println("ajax请求过来了");
        //返回字符串给客户端
        //json格式的字符串
        Person person=new Person(1,"chen");
        Gson gs=new Gson();
        String s = gs.toJson(person);
        resp.getWriter().write(s);
    }
}

配置web.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app xmlns="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_4_0.xsd"
         version="4.0">
    <servlet>
        <servlet-name>AjaxServlet</servlet-name>
        <servlet-class>com.atshangqiu.servlet.AjaxServlet</servlet-class>
    </servlet>
    <servlet-mapping>
        <servlet-name>AjaxServlet</servlet-name>
        <url-pattern>/ajax</url-pattern>
    </servlet-mapping>
</web-app>