四级翻译热点词汇

文化类
1.阴历: lunar calendar

2.阳历: solar calendar

3.春节: the Spring Festival

4.除夕: Chinese New Year’s Eve

5.清明节: Tomb Sweeping Day

6.重阳节: the Double Ninth Festival

7.腊八节: the Laba Festival

8.元宵节: the Lantern Festival

9.劳动节: International Labour Day

10. 中秋节: the Mid-Autumn Festival

11. 端午节: the Dragon Boat Festival

12. 乞巧节（七夕节）: Double-Seventh Day

13. 法定节日: legal/statutory holiday

14. 春联: Spring Festival couplets; Lunar New Year couplets

15. 年画：Spring Festival picture； New Year picture

16. 剪纸：paper-cut; scissor-cut

17. 红包: red packet

18. 舞狮：lion dance

19. 舞龙: dragon dance

20. 灯笼: lantern

21. 灯谜: riddles written on a lantern

22. 灯会:lantern show/festival

23. 压岁钱:gift money

24. 祭祖宗:offer sacrifices to one’s ancestors

25. 元宵:sweet dumplings

26. 踩高跷:walk on stilts

27. 扫墓:sweep a grave-pay tribute to a dead person at his tomb

28. 扭秧歌:do the yangge dance

29. 赛龙舟:dragon boat race

30. 月饼: moon cake

31. 赏月：appreciate the glorious full moon; enjoy a bright full moon

32. 毛笔：Chinese writing brush

33. 书法：calligraphy

34. 楷体：formal/regular script

35. 行书：running script/hand

36. 风水：geomantic omen

37. 闰年：leap/intercalary year

38. 十二生肖：Chinese zodiac

39. 庙会：fair; temple fair

40. 放爆竹：let/set off firecrackers

41. 守岁：stay up later or all night on the New Year’s Eve

42. 拜年：pay a New Year visit

43. 团圆饭：family reunion dinner

44. 京剧：Peking opera; Beijing opera

45. 秦腔：Shaanxi opera

46. 功夫：kung fu

47. 太极：Tai Chi

48. 口技ventriloquism; vocal mimicry/ imitation

49. 木偶戏：puppet show

50. 皮影戏：shadow play

51. 折子戏：highlights from operas

52. 杂技：acrobatics

53. 相声：comic dialogue; crosstalk

54. 刺绣：embroidery

55. 苏绣：Suzhou embroidery

56. 泥人：clay figure

57. 中国画：traditional Chinese painting

58. 水墨画：wash painting

59. 中国结：traditional Chinese knot

60. 中国古代四大发明：the four great inventions of ancient China

61. 火药：gunpowder

62. 印刷术：printing

63. 造纸术：paper making technology

64. 指南针：compass

65. 青铜器：bronze ware

66. 瓷器：porcelain; china(ware)

67. 唐三彩：tri-colored glazed pottery of the Tang Dynasty; Tang tri-colour

68. 景泰蓝：cloisonne

69. 秋千：swing

70. 武术：martial arts

71. 旗袍：cheongsam

72. 中山装：Chinese tunic suit

73. 唐装：Tang suit; attire of traditional Chinese style

74. 儒家思想：Confucianism

75. 儒家文化：Confucian culture

76. 道教：Taoism

77. 墨家：Mohist school

78. 法家：Legalist school

79. 佛教：Buddhism

80. 孔子：Confucius

81. 孟子：Mencius

82. 老子：Lao Tzu

83. 庄子：Chuang Tzu

84. 孙子：Sun Tzu

85. 墨子：Mo Tzu

86. 象形文字：pictographic characters; pictograph

87. 文房四宝(笔墨纸砚)：four treasures of the study (writing brush, ink stick, ink slab and paper)

88. 《大学》：The Great Learning

89. 《中庸》：The Doctrine of the Mean

90. 《论语》：The Analects of Confucius

91. 《孟子》：The Mencius

92. 《孙子兵法》：The Art of War

93. 《三国演义》：The Romance of the Three Kingdoms

94. 《西游记》：Journey to the West

95. 《红楼梦》：A Dream in Red Mansions

96. 《水浒传》：Water Margin

97. 《山海经》：The Classic of Mountains and Rivers

98. 《资治通鉴》：History as a Mirror

99. 《春秋》：The Spring and Autumn Annals

100. 《史记》：Historical Records

101. 《诗经》：The Book of Songs

102. 《易经》：The Book of Changes

103. 《礼记》：The Book of Rites

104. 《三字经》：Three-Character Scriptures

105. 八股文：eight-part essay

106. 五言绝句：pentasyllabic quatrain

107. 七言律诗：heptasyllabic regulated verse

108. 山东菜：Shandong cuisine

109. 川菜：Sichuan cuisine

110. 粤菜：Cantonese cuisine

111. 扬州菜：Yangzhou cuisine

112. 年糕：New Year cake

113. 油条：deep-fried twisted dough sticks

114. 豆浆：soya milk

115. 馒头：steamed bun

116. 花卷：steamed twisted roll

117. 包子：steamed stuffed bun

118. 北京烤鸭：roast Beijing duck

119. 拉面：hand-stretched noodles

120. 馄饨：wonton

121. 豆腐：tofu

122. 麻花：fried dough twist

123. 烧饼：sesame seed cake

124. 皮蛋：preserved duck egg

125. 蛋炒饭：rice fried with eggs

126. 糖葫芦：sugar-coated haws on a stick

127. 火锅：hotpot

128. 长城：the Great Wall

129. 烽火台：beacon tower

130. 秦始皇陵：Mausoleum of the First Qin Emperor

131. 兵马俑：Terracotta Army

132. 大雁塔：Giant Wild Goose Pagoda

133. 丝绸之路：the Silk Road

134. 莫高窟：Mogao Grottoes

135. 华清池：Huaqing Hot Spring

136. 五台山：Mount Wutai

137. 九华山：Mount Jiuhua

138. 峨眉山：Mount Emei

139. 泰山：Mount Tai

140. 黄山：Mount Huang

141. 故宫：the Imperial Palace

142. 天坛：the Temple of Heaven

143. 午门：the Meridian Gate

144. 大运河：the Grand Canal

145. 护城河：city moat

146. 回音壁：the Echo Wall

147. 居庸关：Juyongguan Pass

148. 九龙壁：the Nine Dragon Wall

149. 黄帝陵：the Mausoleum of the Yellow Emperor

150. 苏州园林：Suzhou garden

151. 西湖：West Lake

152. 九寨沟：Jiuzhaigou Valley

153. 日月潭：Riyuetan Lake; Sun Moon Lake

154. 布达拉宫：Potala Palace

155. 鼓楼：drum tower

156. 四合院：quadrangle dwelling

157. 孔庙：Confucian temple

158. 乐山大佛：Leshan Giant Buddha

159. 十八罗汉：the eighteen arhats

160. 喇嘛：Lama

政治类

1. 新思想：new thought

2. 新常态：new normal

3. 新增长目标：new growth target

4. 新反腐模式：new anti-corruption model

5. 民生：people’s livelihood

6. 扶贫：poverty alleviation

7. 国防：national defense

8. 改革开放40周年：40 years of reform and opening up

9. 中国梦：the Chinese Dream

10. 人类命运共同体：a community with shared future for humanity

11. 五位一体：economic, political, cultural, social and ecological progress

12. 四个全面：the four-pronged comprehensive strategy

13. 一带一路：the Belt and Road Initiative

14. 文化自信：cultural confidence

15. 获得感：sense of benefit

16. 成就感：sense of achievement

17. 城市群：city cluster

18. 低碳城市：low-carbon cities

19. 智能制造：intelligent manufacturing

20. 中国制造2025：Made in China 2025

21. 工匠精神：craftsmanship spirit

22. 中国天眼：500米口径球面射电望远镜：China’s Eye of Heaven：The Five-hundred-meter Aperture Spherical Telescope ( FAST)

23. 国产航母：domestically built aircraft carrier

24. 国产客机：homemade passenger jet

25. 数字家庭：digital homes

26. 数字经济：digital economy

27. 人工智能：artificial intelligence

28. 第五代移动通信5G：mobile communications

29. 自媒体：We-Media

30. 自贸试验区：pilot free trade zones

31. 医疗改革：medical reform

32. 国内生产总值：Gross Domestic Product(GDP)

33. 居民消费价格：Consumer Price Index(CPI)

34. 税收减免：tax reduction and exemption

35. 去产能：reducing excess capacity

36. 房地产去库存：reducing real estate inventory

37. 供给侧结构性改革：supply-side structural reform

38. 补短板：strengthening areas of weakness

39. 生态保护红线：ecological wealth

40. 蓝色经济：blue economy

41. 绿色发展：green development

42. 纵向横向经济轴带：north-south and east-west intersecting economic belts

43. 全球伙伴关系网：global partnership network

44. 利益共同体：community of shared interests

45. 无现金支付：cashless payment

46. 扫脸支付：face scan payment

47. 二维码支付：two-dimensional barcode payment

48. 点赞：give a like

49. 虚拟现实：virtual reality

50. 宜居城市：habitable city

51. 分享经济：sharing economy

52. 互联网金融：online finance

53. 提现：cash withdrawal

54. 金融科技：fintech

55. 一小时通勤圈：one-hour commuting circle

56. 智能制造：smart manufacturing

57. 需求侧管理：demand-size regulation

58. 逆全球化：deglobalization

59. 网络直播：live streaming

60. 薪酬改革：salary reform

61. 副中心：subcenter

62. 网红经济：internet celebrity economy

63. 网络空间命运共同体：community of shared future in cyberspace

64. 网络侵权：internet copyright infringement

65. 养老服务：elderly care service

66. 人道主义支援：humanitarian relief

67. 可载人无人机：passenger-carrying drone

68. 可替代能源汽车：alternative energy vehicle

69. 京津冀一体化：Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei integration

70. 清洁能源：clean energy

71. 带薪休假：paid leave

72. 非物质文化遗产：intangible cultural heritage

73. 城际高铁：inter-city high-speed rail

74. 城市住房公积金：urban housing fund

75. 城乡一体化：rural-urban integration

76. 创新型政府：pro-innovation government

77. 出口关税：export duty

78. 互联网+：Internet Plus

79. 冬奥会：Olympic Winter Games

80. 二孩经济：second-child economy

81. 房产税：property tax

82. 分级医疗制度：hierarchical medical system

83. 跨越式发展：leapfrog development

84. 个人信用记录：personal credit records

85. 过度包装：excessive packaging

86. 互联网保险：online insurance

87. 互联网从业者：internet professional

88. 饥饿营销：hunger marketing

89. 积分落户制度：points-based hukou system

90. 基层社区：grassroots community

91. 实名认证：real-name authentication

92. 年度考核：annual assessment

93. 企业文化：corporate culture

94. 创新型人才：innovative talent

95. 人脸识别：facial identification

96. 代驾服务业：designated driver business

97. 交易费：transaction fee

98. 跟团游：package tour

99. 自由行：independent travel

100. 免税店：duty-free store

101. 一个中国原则：the one-China principle

102. 与时俱进：keep pace with the times

103. 综合国力：overall national strength

104. 共同愿望：common desire

105. “走出去”战略：going global

106. 不结盟：non-alignment

107. 单边主义：unilateralism

108. 多边政策：multilateralism

109. 多极世界：multipolar world

110. 人口老龄化：aging of population

111. 人口出生率：birth rate

112. 社区服务：community service

113. 道德法庭：court of ethics

114. 盗用公款：embezzlement

经济类

1. 市场经济：market economy

2. 计划经济：planned economy

3. 可持续发展战略：strategy of sustainable development

4. 消费观：consumption concept

5. 改革开放：reform and opening up

6. 经济特区：special economic zone

7. 社会主义市场经济：socialist market economy

8. 合作论坛：Cooperation Forum

9. 资本主义：capitalism

10. 证券市场：stock market

11. 总需求：aggregate demand

12. 总供给：aggregate supply

13. 企业形象：corporate image; enterprise image

14. 跨国公司：cross-national /multinational /transnational corporation

15. 创业精神：enterprising/pioneering spirit

16. 外资企业：foreign-funded/foreign-owned enterprise

17. 猎头公司：head hunter; headhunting company

18. 假日经济：holiday economy

19. 人力资本：human capital

20. 航空和航天工业：aerospace industry

21. 飞机制造工业：aircraft industry

22. 电子工业：electronic industry

23. 汽车制作工业：car industry

24. 信息产业：information industry

25. 知识密集型产业：knowledge-intensive industry

26. 国有大中型企业：large and medium-sized state-owned enterprises

27. 轻工业：light industry

28. 博彩业：lottery/gambling industry

29. 制造业：manufacturing industry

30. 垄断行业：monopoly industry

31. 市场多元化：market diversification

32. 市场监督：market supervision

33. 购买力：purchasing power

34. 熊市：bear market

35. 牛市：bull market

36. 城镇化：urbanization

37. 房地产：real estate

38. 首付：down-payment

39. 个人购房贷款：individual housing loan

40. 经济全球化：economic globalization

41. 经济特区：special economic zones(SEZ)

42. 经济增长：economic growth

43. 泡沫经济：bubble economy

44. 关税：tariff

45. 纳税人：taxpayer

46. 宏观经济：macro economy

47. 货币投放量：the size of money supply

48. 流动性过剩：excess liquidity

49. 经济过热：overheated economy

50. 小康水平：comparatively well-off level

教育类

1. 义务教育：compulsory education

2. 教育部：Ministry of Education

3. 职业学校：vocational school

4. 大学文凭：university diploma

5. 高等教育：higher education

6. 留守儿童：left-behind children

7. 偏远地区：remote area

8. 课外班：extracurricular classes

9. 应届生：fresh graduate

10. 乡村教师：rural teachers

11. 启发式教学：heuristic teaching

12. 人才交流：talent exchange

13. 人才战：competition for talented people

14. 商务英语证书：Business English Certificate(BEC)

15. 适龄儿童入学率：enrollment rate for schools of school age

16. 升学率：proportion of students entering schools of a higher grade

17. 成人夜校：night school for adults

18. 在职进修班：om-the-job training course; in-service training course

19. 政治思想教育：political and ideological education

20. 毕业生分配：graduate placement; assignment of graduate

21. 充电：update one’s knowledge

22. 初等教育：elementary/primary education

23. 大学城：college town

24. 大学社区：college community

25. 高等教育“211”工程：the “211 project” for higher education

26. 高等学府：institution of higher learning

27. 综合性大学：comprehensive university

28. 文科院校：college of (liberal) arts

29. 理工科大学：university of science and engineering

30. 师范：teacher-training school; normal school

31. 高分低能：high scores and low abilities

32. 高考：college entrance examination

33. 高校扩招：the college expansion plan

34. 教育界：education circle

35. 教育投入：educational input

36. 考研：take examination for a graduate programme

37. 课外活动：extracurricular activities

38. 必修课：required/compulsory course

39. 选修课：elective/optional course

40. 基础课：basic courses; foundation course

41. 专业课：specialized course

42. 课程表：school schedule/timetable

43. 教学大纲：teaching programme; syllabus

44. 学习年限：period of schooling

45. 学历：record of formal schooling

46. 学分：(course) credit

科技类
1 纺车：spinning wheel

2 蒸汽机动车：steam engine

3 发明专利：patent of invention

4 创新精神：creative spirit

5 设计创意：design creativity

6 工业革命：industrial revolution

7 信息技术：information technology

8 创新成果：innovation achievement

9 高速列车：high-speed train

10 导航系统：navigation system

11 能源消耗：energy consumption

12 可替代燃料：alternative fuel

13 科学探索：scientific exploration

14 电子设备：electronic equipment

15 造福人类：bring benefit to mankind

16 试验田：experiment plot/field

健康类
1 糖尿病：diabetes

2 肥胖症：obesity

3 肺炎：pneumonia

4 禁烟令：smoking bans

5 无偿献血：donate blood

6 营养不良：malnutrition

7 体检：physical examination

8 均衡的饮食：a well-balanced diet

9 中医：traditional Chinese medicine

10 医疗保健：preventive medical and healthcare

安全类

1. 雾霾：fog and haze

2. 核泄漏：nuclear leak

3. 热带风暴：tropical storm

4. 病毒携带者：virus carrier

5. 救灾工作：rescue/relief effort

6. 安全保障措施：safety precaution

7. 交通安全：traffic/road safety

8. 泥石流：mud-slide; debris flow

9. 受灾地区：stricken/afflicted area

10. 环境污染：environment pollution

体育类

1. 田径：track and field

2. 举重：weightlifting

3. 击剑：fencing

4. 赛艇：rowing

5. 射箭：archery; toxophily

6. 锦标赛；冠军赛：championship; tournament

7. 奥运会：the Olympic Games

8. 纪录保持者：record holder

9. 申办城市：the bidding city

10. 开幕式：opening ceremony