Problem Description
The counter-terrorists found a time bomb in the dust. But this time the terrorists improve on the time bomb. The number sequence of the time bomb counts from 1 to N. If the current number sequence includes the sub-sequence “49”, the power of the blast would add one point.
Now the counter-terrorist knows the number N. They want to know the final points of the power. Can you help them?
Input
The first line of input consists of an integer T (1 <= T <= 10000), indicating the number of test cases. For each test case, there will be an integer N (1 <= N <= 2^63-1) as the description.
The input terminates by end of file marker.
Output
For each test case, output an integer indicating the final points of the power.
Sample Input
3
1
50
500
Sample Output
0
1
15
Hint
From 1 to 500, the numbers that include the sub-sequence “49” are “49”,“149”,“249”,“349”,“449”,“490”,“491”,“492”,“493”,“494”,“495”,“496”,“497”,“498”,“499”,
so the answer is 15.
题意:找到【1,N】内数位里包含“49”子串的数的个数 |
思路(数位dp):
典型的数位dp题,我用dp[pos][sta][flag]来记录pos位置下,前面有无4(sta),以及之前有没有凑到过“49”(flag),然后枚举每个数位的各个数字即可,如果sta为真,就要对当前的‘9’分类讨论,遇到‘9’就flag置为真,然后往下继续搜索,到底了就看看flag是否为真,判断有没有凑到49.
AC代码:
#include <iostream>
#include <cstdio>
#include <cstring>
#include <string>
#include <vector>
#include <map>
#include <cmath>
#include <algorithm>
using namespace std;
typedef long long ll;
ll dp[100][2][2];
ll a[100];
ll dfs(ll pos, bool sta, bool flag, bool limit )
{
if(pos==-1) return flag;
if(!limit&&dp[pos][sta][flag]!=-1) return dp[pos][sta][flag];
ll up = limit?a[pos]:9;
ll ans = 0;
for(ll i=0;i<=up;i++)
{
if(sta&&i==9) ans += dfs(pos-1,i==4, true, limit&&i==a[pos]);
else ans += dfs(pos-1,i==4,flag, limit&&i==a[pos]);
}
if(!limit) dp[pos][sta][flag] = ans;
return ans;
}
ll solve(ll x)
{
ll pos = 0;
while(x)
{
a[pos++] = x%10;
x /= 10;
}
return dfs(pos-1,false, false, true);
}
int main()
{
memset(dp,-1,sizeof(dp));
int kase;
cin>>kase;
while(kase--)
{
ll x;
cin>>x;
cout<<solve(x)<<endl;
}
return 0;
}