JavaWeb实现文件上传与下载（超详细）

文件的上传与下载实现

首先需要创建一个Web项目，并配置好Tomcat等相关配置，并引入commons-fileupload-1.3.3.jar和commons-io-2.4.jar，如果是maven创建的项目在web.XML中引入依赖

commons-fileupload-1.3.3.jar

jar下载地址：https://repo1.maven.org/maven2/commons-fileupload/commons-fileupload/1.3.3/commons-fileupload-1.3.3.jar

<!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/commons-fileupload/commons-fileupload -->
<dependency>
    <groupId>commons-fileupload</groupId>
    <artifactId>commons-fileupload</artifactId>
    <version>1.3.3</version>
</dependency>

commons-io-2.4.jar

jar下载地址：https://repo1.maven.org/maven2/commons-io/commons-io/2.4/commons-io-2.4.jar

<!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/commons-io/commons-io -->
<dependency>
    <groupId>commons-io</groupId>
    <artifactId>commons-io</artifactId>
    <version>2.4</version>
</dependency>

以Form表单实现文件的上传为例

文件上传下载页面代码

<div>
        <h1>${message}</h1>
        //文件上传
        <form action="fileServlet?action=upload" method="post" enctype="multipart/form-data">
            用户名：<input type="text"  name="username" ><br>
            文件上传：<input type="file" name="file"><br>
            <input type="submit" value="上传"><br>
        </form>
		//文件下载
        <form action="fileServlet?action=download" method="post">
            <input type="submit" value="下载">   
        </form>

    </div>

注意事项

1. input标签type 属性为file <input type="file" name="file">
2. form表单中method属性为post method="post"
3. form表单中entype属性为multipart/form-data enctype="multipart/form-data"

文件上传

if (action.equals("upload")){
			//判断文件是否为表单域（上传是否为文件）
            if (ServletFileUpload.isMultipartContent(request)){
            //创建DiskFileItemFactory 工厂
            DiskFileItemFactory diskFileItemFactory=new DiskFileItemFactory();
            //创建文件上传解析器
            ServletFileUpload servletFileUpload=new ServletFileUpload(diskFileItemFactory);
            servletFileUpload.setHeaderEncoding("UTF-8");
            try {
                List<FileItem> list=servletFileUpload.parseRequest(request);
                for (FileItem item:list) {
                    if (item.isFormField()){//判断上传是否为文件
                        System.out.println(item.getFieldName());
                        System.out.println(item.getString("UTF-8"));
                    }else{
                        System.out.println(item.getFieldName());
                        System.out.println(item.getName());
                        //将文件写到本地磁盘
                        item.write(new File("D:\\file\\"+item.getName()));
                        request.setAttribute("message","upload successful");
                        //上传成功页面跳转
                        request.getRequestDispatcher("filedeal.jsp").forward(request,response);
                    }
                }
            } catch (Exception e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
        }

文件下载

 if (action.equals("download")){
            String downloadFilename="阿里巴巴Java开发手册-2021最新嵩山版.pdf";                    //文件名
            ServletContext servletContext = getServletContext();
            String mimeType = servletContext.getMimeType("/file/" + downloadFilename);//获取文件的类型
            System.out.println(mimeType);
            response.setContentType(mimeType);

            if (request.getHeader("User-Agent").contains(" Firefox")){
                //response.setHeader("Content-Disposition", "attachment; filename==?UTF-8?B?" + new BASE64Encoder().encode("中国.jpg".getBytes("UTF-8")) + "?=");
            }
            //设置请求头文件名
            else {
                response.setHeader("Content-Disposition","attachment; filename="+ URLEncoder.encode(downloadFilename,"UTF-8"));
            }

            //得到文件对象
            InputStream resourceAsStream = servletContext.getResourceAsStream("/file/"+downloadFilename);
            //输出流
            OutputStream outputStream=response.getOutputStream();
            //文件下载
            IOUtils.copy(resourceAsStream,outputStream);
            request.setAttribute("message","download successful");
        }