python绘制分组柱状图

import numpy as np
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt

# 生成示例数据
data = np.array([[3, 5, 7, 9],
                 [4, 6, 8, 10],
                 [2, 4, 6, 8]])

# 设置图表的标签和颜色
labels = ['Column 1', 'Column 2', 'Column 3', 'Column 4']
colors = ['r', 'g', 'b']

# 获取数据的行数和列数
num_bars = len(data[0])
num_groups = len(data)

# 设置柱状图的宽度
bar_width = 0.2

# 设置每根柱子的位置
bar_positions = np.arange(num_bars)

# 创建图表
fig, ax = plt.subplots(figsize=(10, 5))

# 绘制每个组的柱状图
for i in range(num_groups):
    ax.bar(bar_positions + i * bar_width, data[i, :], bar_width, label=labels[i], color=colors[i])

# 设置 x 轴刻度在每组的中间
group_positions = bar_positions + (bar_width * (num_bars - 1)) / 2
ax.set_xticks(group_positions)
ax.set_xticklabels(['Group 1', 'Group 2', 'Group 3', 'Group 4'])

# 添加图例
ax.legend()

# 设置轴标签和标题
plt.xlabel('Groups')
plt.ylabel('Values')
plt.title('Grouped Bar Chart')

# 显示图表
plt.show()