【python笔记十一】python流程控制、for循环、while循环、if判断

python流程控制

python的条件语句

if…elif…else…分支语句

条件为真才执行if里面的语句

条件为假不执行if里面的语句

if 3>2:

​	print('你好')

#你好

elif 4>1:

​	print('hello')

#不执行

#当满足第一个条件时，后面的elif即使成立也不运行了

if 1>2:

​	print('你好')

elif 4>1:

​	print('hello')

elif 4>2:

​	print('123')

#hello

if 1>2:

​	print("hello")

else:

​	print("以上条件均不满足")

#以上条件均不满足

示例：

a = int(input('请输入你的成绩'))

if a>=85:

​	print("优秀")

elif a>=75:

​    print("良好")

elif a>=60:

​    print("及格")

else:

​	print("不及格")

#示例：输入99 输出优秀；输入59 输出不及格

for循环

for循环用来遍历序列

通过不使用下标的方式来实现对序列中每一个元素的访问

遍历列表、元组、字符串、集合

for i in [1,2,3]:

​	print(i)

#1

#2

#3

for i in "1,2,3":

​	print(i)

#1

#2

#3

for i in (1,2,3):

​	print(i)

#1

#2

#3

for i in {1,2,3}:

​	print(i)

#1

#2

#3

遍历字典

for i in {"名字"："KR","年龄":18}:

​	print(i)

#名字

#年龄

d = {

​	"名字"："KR",

​	"年龄":18

​	}

for a in d:

​	print(a)

#名字

#年龄

遍历字典键跟值

for i in d.items():

​	print(i)

#("名字"："KR")

#("年龄":18)

遍历数字range()

#取左不取右

for i in range(0,10):

​	print(i)

#0

#1

#2

#3

#4

#5

#6

#7

#8

#9

for i in range(0,10,2):

​	print(i)

#0

#2

#4

#6

#8

双层for循环

a = [1,2,3,[10,20,30],[100,200,300]]

for i in a:

​	print(a)

#1

#2

#3

#[10,20,30]

#[100,200,300]

if判断& isinstance()

isinstance()用来判断一个对象是否是一个已知的类型

for i in a:

​	printa(i)

​	if isinstance(i,list)

​		for x in i:

​			print(x)

#10

#20

#30

#100

#200

#300

while循环

while True

​	print("hello")

#会一直输出hello 不会停止

c = 0

while c<6:

​	print("hello")

​	c+=1

else:

​	ptint("循环终止")

#0

#1

#2

#3

#4

#5

#循环终止

循环中的关键字

break

语句可以跳出for和while的循环体

for i in "python":

​	print(i)

#p

#y

#t

#h

#o

#n

for i in "python":

​	break

​	print(i)

#不运行

for i in "python":

​	print(i)

​	break

#p

for i in "python":

​	if i == "t":

​		break

​	print(i)

#p

#y

for i in "python":

​	print(i)

​	if i == "t":

​		break

#p

#y

#t

c = 0

while c<6:

​	print("hello")

​	c+=1

#hello

#hello

#hello

#hello

#hello

#hello

c = 0
while c<6:

​	break

​	print("hello")

​	c+=1

#无输出

c = 0
while c<6:

​	print("hello")

​	c+=1

​	break

#hello

continue

语句被用来跳过当前循环块中的剩余语句，然后继续进行下一轮循环

for i in "python":

​	print(i)

#p

#y

#t

#h

#o

#n

for i in "python":

​	continue

​	print(i)

#无输出

for i in "python":

​	print(i)

​	continue

​	print("hello")

#p

#y

#t

#h

#o

#n

for i in "python":

​	if i == "t":

​		continue

​	print(i)

#p

#y

#h

#o

#n

for i in "python":

​	print(i)

​	if i == "t":

​		continue

#p

#y

#t

#h

#o

#n

c = 0

while c<6:

​	print("hello")

​	c+=1

​	continue

​	print("123")

#hello

#hello

#hello

#hello

#hello

#hello

c = 0

while c<6:

​	if c == 3:

​		continue

​	print("c")

​	c+=1

#0

#1

#2

c = 0
while c<6:

​	c+=1

​	if c == 3:

​		continue

​	print("c")

#1

#2

#3

#4

#5

#6

pass

空语句，为了保持程序结构的完整

用于哪些语法上必须要有什么语句，但是程序什么也不做的场合

for i in range(0,10):

​	pass