Webpack实现VueCli创建的项目


highlight: an-old-hope

theme: cyanosis

以下webpack的配置详情,请查看以下地址:https://juejin.cn/post/7010284695850057735

一、安装

```bash

因为现在的默认版本是vue2,加@next安装的就是vue3

npm install vue@next ```

1、webpack的起始配置如下:

注:这个里面的配置使用参考webpack5+的基础配置。

javascript const path = require("path"); const { CleanWebpackPlugin } = require("clean-webpack-plugin"); const HtmlWebpackPlugin = require("html-webpack-plugin"); const { DefinePlugin } = require("webpack"); const CopyWebpackPlugin = require("copy-webpack-plugin") module.exports = { mode: "development", devtool: "source-map", entry: "./src/main.js", output: { path: path.resolve(__dirname, "./build"), filename: "js/main.js" // 指定js的打包目录 }, module: { rules: [ { test: /\.css$/, use: [ "style-loader", "css-loader", "postcss-loader", ] }, { test: /\.(jpe?g|png|gif|svg)$/, type: "asset", generator: { filename: "img/[name]_[hash:6][ext]", }, parser: { dataUrlCondition: { maxSize: 10 * 1024, } } }, { test: /\.(eot|ttf|woff2?)$/, type: "asset/resource", generator: { filename: "font/[name]-[hash:8][ext]" } }, { test: /\.js$/, loader: "babel-loader" } ] }, plugins: [ new CleanWebpackPlugin(), new HtmlWebpackPlugin({ title: "指定html打包模板", template: "./public/index.html", }), new DefinePlugin({ BASE_URL: " './' " }), new CopyWebpackPlugin({ patterns: [ { from: "public", to: "./", globOptions: { ignore: [ "**/index.html" ] } } ] }) ] }

注:下面这两个是从webpack中抽取出来的,也可以 选择不抽离。

1)babel.config.js里面的配置

javascript module.exports = { presets: [ /** * 这个里面可以写多个 * 给里面每个配置参数的写法如下: ["插件名",{}] */ "@babel/preset-env" ] }

2)postcss.config.js

javascript module.exports = { // 指定你使用的插件 plugins: [ // 自动给浏览器加上前缀 require("postcss-preset-env") ] }

2、依赖的下载文件

package.json

json { "name": "webpack-demo", "version": "1.0.0", "main": "index.js", "scripts": { "build": "webpack", "serve": "webpack serve" }, "author": "", "license": "ISC", "devDependencies": { "@babel/cli": "^7.15.4", "@babel/core": "^7.15.5", "@babel/plugin-transform-arrow-functions": "^7.14.5", "@babel/plugin-transform-block-scoping": "^7.15.3", "@babel/preset-env": "^7.15.6", "@vue/compiler-sfc": "^3.2.11", "autoprefixer": "^10.3.4", "babel-loader": "^8.2.2", "clean-webpack-plugin": "^4.0.0", "copy-webpack-plugin": "^9.0.1", "css-loader": "^6.2.0", "file-loader": "^6.2.0", "html-webpack-plugin": "^5.3.2", "less": "^4.1.1", "less-loader": "^9.0.0", "postcss": "^8.3.6", "postcss-cli": "^8.3.1", "postcss-loader": "^6.1.1", "postcss-preset-env": "^6.7.0", "style-loader": "^3.2.1", "vue-loader": "^16.5.0", "webpack": "^5.52.0", "webpack-cli": "^4.8.0", "webpack-dev-server": "^4.2.1", "webpack-merge": "^5.8.0" }, "dependencies": { "vue": "^3.2.11" }, "keywords": [], "description": "" }

二、使用

1、创建一个目录(这个是根目录)

1)在目录下创建public,里面有一个favicon.ico、和index.html

favicon.ico

html <!DOCTYPE html> <html lang=""> <head> <meta charset="utf-8"> <meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=edge"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width,initial-scale=1.0"> <link rel="icon" href="<%= BASE_URL %>favicon.ico"> <title><%= htmlWebpackPlugin.options.title %></title> </head> <body> <noscript> <strong>We're sorry but <%= htmlWebpackPlugin.options.title %> doesn't work properly without JavaScript enabled. Please enable it to continue.</strong> </noscript> <div id="app"></div> <!-- built files will be auto injected --> </body> </html>

2)在目录下 创建一个入口文件main.js

```javascript /* 下面这个是正确的写法 / // 引入vue 这个是可以解析template的 import { createApp } from "vue/dist/vue.esm-bundler"; /* * 如果使用SFC文件(.vue),这个时候的引入,可以是下面的这中形式,因为vue-loader会对他进行解析 * import { createApp } from "vue"; */

const app = createApp({ template: "

你好!

", data() { return {
}
},

}) // 在html中要有一个对应的元素 app.mount("#app") ```

注:

image-20210912152121251

上面这样写,页面视图并不会渲染,并且在控制台还会有一个警告:

image-20210912152233469

因为源代码解析有两个版本,所以我们要选择一个可以解析的版本:

vue版本一:runtime + compiler 这个是可以解析。

vue版本二: runtime + only 这个是默认的,用他的时候,页面渲染不出来demo元素。

2、目录结构如下:

image-20210912153730638

三、编写 App.vue 文件

1、把main.js里面的html和js、css进行分离

1)在src下创建App.vue

```html

你好!

```

2)在main.js中引入

javascript // 引入vue 这个是可以解析template的 import { createApp } from "vue/dist/vue.esm-bundler"; import App from "./App.vue"; const app = createApp(App) // 在html中要有一个对应的元素 app.mount("#app")

但是这个时候,你去npm run build他会编译失败,因为你有引入了一个新的文件格式,他不能进行识别,所以 你要下载 loader。

2、下载loader识别 .vue 文件

1)安装loader

```bash npm install vue-loader@next -D

vue-loader本身是依赖@vue/compiler-sfc这个的,这个包是对单文件进行解析的

npm install @vue/compiler-sfc -D ```

2)在webpack.config.js中进行配置

javascript const path = require("path"); const { CleanWebpackPlugin } = require("clean-webpack-plugin"); const HtmlWebpackPlugin = require("html-webpack-plugin"); const { DefinePlugin } = require("webpack"); const CopyWebpackPlugin = require("copy-webpack-plugin") // 引入vue-loader中的plugin const { VueLoaderPlugin } = require("vue-loader/dist/index") module.exports = { mode: "development", devtool: "source-map", entry: "./src/main.js", output: { path: path.resolve(__dirname, "./dist"), filename: "js/main.js" // 指定js的打包目录 }, module: { rules: [ { test: /\.css$/, use: [ "style-loader", "css-loader", "postcss-loader", ] }, { test: /\.(jpe?g|png|gif|svg)$/, type: "asset", generator: { filename: "img/[name]_[hash:6][ext]", }, parser: { dataUrlCondition: { maxSize: 10 * 1024, } } }, { test: /\.(eot|ttf|woff2?)$/, type: "asset/resource", generator: { filename: "font/[name]-[hash:8][ext]" } }, { test: /\.js$/, loader: "babel-loader" }, { test: /\.vue$/, loader: "vue-loader" } ] }, plugins: [ new CleanWebpackPlugin(), new HtmlWebpackPlugin({ title: "指定html打包模板", template: "./public/index.html", }), new DefinePlugin({ BASE_URL: " './' " }), new CopyWebpackPlugin({ patterns: [ { from: "public", to: "./", globOptions: { ignore: [ "**/index.html" ] } } ] }), new VueLoaderPlugin() ] }

3、配置别名和匹配 .vue 文件

webpack.config.js

javascript const path = require("path"); const { CleanWebpackPlugin } = require("clean-webpack-plugin"); const HtmlWebpackPlugin = require("html-webpack-plugin"); const { DefinePlugin } = require("webpack"); const CopyWebpackPlugin = require("copy-webpack-plugin") // 引入vue-loader中的plugin const { VueLoaderPlugin } = require("vue-loader/dist/index") module.exports = { target: "web", mode: "development", devtool: "source-map", entry: "./src/main.js", output: { path: path.resolve(__dirname, "./dist"), filename: "js/main.js" // 指定js的打包目录 }, devServer: { /** * 模块的热替换: * 模块热替换是指在 应用程序运行过程中,替换、添加、删除模块,而无需重新刷新整个页面 * 比如:你在使用计算器的时候,你不想修改代码之后,计算器的结果也丢失的情况下 使用 * */ hot: true, // host: "0.0.0.0", port: 7777, /** * 是否为静态文件开启gzip * 默认值是 false */ compress: true, }, resolve: { /** * 如果是一个文件: * 他会根据extensions里面写的自动给路径后面匹配,去文件夹中查找相应的文件 * extensions 里面的默认值有:[".js", ".json", ".mjs", ".wasm"] * 可以给下面加入 .vue .ts .jsx * 下面这样写,在引入vue文件的时候,就不用写后缀了 */ extensions: [".js", ".json", ".mjs", ".wasm", ".vue"], /** * 如果是一个文件夹 * 会在文件夹中根据 resolve.mainFiles配置选项中指定的文件顺序查找 * resolve.mainFiles的默认值是 ['index'] * 再根据 resolve.extensions来解析扩展名 * mainFiles 一般不配置 */ mainFiles: ["index"], /** * 是配置别名alias * "别名名字": path.resolve(__dirname, "相对与配置文件的相对路径") */ alias: { "@": path.resolve(__dirname, "./src") } }, module: { rules: [ { test: /\.css$/, use: [ "style-loader", "css-loader", "postcss-loader", ] }, { test: /\.(jpe?g|png|gif|svg)$/, type: "asset", generator: { filename: "img/[name]_[hash:6][ext]", }, parser: { dataUrlCondition: { maxSize: 10 * 1024, } } }, { test: /\.(eot|ttf|woff2?)$/, type: "asset/resource", generator: { filename: "font/[name]-[hash:8][ext]" } }, { test: /\.js$/, loader: "babel-loader" }, { test: /\.vue$/, loader: "vue-loader" } ] }, plugins: [ new CleanWebpackPlugin(), new HtmlWebpackPlugin({ title: "指定html打包模板", template: "./public/index.html", }), new DefinePlugin({ BASE_URL: " './' ", /** * 下面这两个的配置,请查看github文档: * https://github.com/vuejs/vue-next/tree/master/packages/vue#bundler-build-feature-flags */ __VUE_OPTIONS_API__: true, __VUE_PROD_DEVTOOLS__: false }), new CopyWebpackPlugin({ patterns: [ { from: "public", to: "./", globOptions: { ignore: [ "**/index.html" ] } } ] }), new VueLoaderPlugin() ] }

四、webpack.config.js 环境区分

1、下载

```bash

合并webpack的配置文件

npm install webpack-merge -D ```

2、在跟目录下创建config

里面创建一下三个文件

webpack.common.config.js 公共的

webpack.dev.config.js 开发环境

webpack.prod.config.js 生产环境

3、在package.json中重新配置

以下的文件路径是指配置文件的相对路径。

json "scripts": { "build": "webpack --config ./config/webpack.prod.config.js", "serve": "webpack serve --config ./config/webpack.dev.config.js" },

4、文件里面的内容

1)webpack.common.config.js

```javascript const path = require("path"); const HtmlWebpackPlugin = require("html-webpack-plugin"); const { DefinePlugin } = require("webpack");

// 引入vue-loader中的plugin const { VueLoaderPlugin } = require("vue-loader/dist/index") module.exports = { target: "web", entry: "./src/main.js", output: { path: path.resolve(__dirname, "../dist"), filename: "js/main.js" // 指定js的打包目录 },

resolve: {
    extensions: [".js", ".json", ".mjs", ".wasm", ".vue"],
    // mainFiles: ["index"],
    alias: {
        "@": path.resolve(__dirname, "../src")
    }
},
module: {
    rules: [
        {
            test: /\.css$/,
            use: [
                "style-loader",
                "css-loader",
                "postcss-loader",
            ]
        },
        {
            test: /\.(jpe?g|png|gif|svg)$/,
            type: "asset",
            generator: {
                filename: "img/[name]_[hash:6][ext]",
            },
            parser: {
                dataUrlCondition: {
                    maxSize: 10 * 1024,
                }
            }
        },
        {
            test: /\.(eot|ttf|woff2?)$/,
            type: "asset/resource",
            generator: {
                filename: "font/[name]-[hash:8][ext]"
            }
        },
        {
            test: /\.js$/,
            loader: "babel-loader"
        },
        {
            test: /\.vue$/,
            loader: "vue-loader"
        }
    ]
},
plugins: [
    new HtmlWebpackPlugin({
        title: "指定html打包模板",
        template: "./public/index.html",
    }),
    new DefinePlugin({
        BASE_URL: " './' ",
        /**
         * 下面这两个的配置,请查看github文档:
         * https://github.com/vuejs/vue-next/tree/master/packages/vue#bundler-build-feature-flags
         */
        __VUE_OPTIONS_API__: true,
        __VUE_PROD_DEVTOOLS__: false
    }),
    new VueLoaderPlugin()
]

} ```

2)webpack.dev.config.js

javascript const { merge } = require('webpack-merge'); const commonConfig = require('./webpack.common.config'); const path = require("path"); module.exports = merge(commonConfig, { mode: "development", devtool: "source-map", devServer: { /** * webpack-dev-server4+ 以后更新了配置参数,具体的见下方文档: * https://webpack.docschina.org/configuration/dev-server/ */ static: { directory: path.join(__dirname, '../public'), }, // 在浏览器展示console.log编译进度 client: { progress: true, // 报错时浏览器全屏覆盖 overlay: true, }, hot: true, // host: "0.0.0.0", port: 7777, // open: true, // compress: true, } })

3)webpack.prod.config.js

```javascript /** * 生产环境 */ const { CleanWebpackPlugin } = require("clean-webpack-plugin"); const CopyWebpackPlugin = require("copy-webpack-plugin");

const { merge } = require("webpack-merge"); const commonConfig = require("./webpack.common.config"); module.exports = merge(commonConfig, { mode: "production", plugins: [ new CleanWebpackPlugin(), /* * 他会择机根据跟录下去查找 */ new CopyWebpackPlugin({ patterns: [ { from: "./public", to: "./", globOptions: { ignore: [ "*/index.html" ] } } ] }) ] }) ```

image-20210921185944336

代码地址:https://www.lanzouw.com/ifYk0ubka2d

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