[De1CTF 2019]SSRF Me

知识点：

• flask框架 python代码审计
• cookie设置

代码审计

#! /usr/bin/env python
#encoding=utf-8
from flask import Flask
from flask import request
import socket
import hashlib
import urllib
import sys
import os
import json
reload(sys)
sys.setdefaultencoding('latin1')

app = Flask(__name__)

secert_key = os.urandom(16)


class Task:
    def __init__(self, action, param, sign, ip):#python的构造方法
        self.action = action
        self.param = param
        self.sign = sign
        self.sandbox = md5(ip)
        if(not os.path.exists(self.sandbox)):          #SandBox For Remote_Addr
            os.mkdir(self.sandbox)

    def Exec(self):#定义命令执行的函数
        result = {}
        result['code'] = 500
        if (self.checkSign()):#检查sign值是否等于hashlib.md5(secert_key + param + action).hexdigest()
            if "scan" in self.action:
                tmpfile = open("./%s/result.txt" % self.sandbox, 'w')
                resp = scan(self.param)#调用scan自定义函数读取flag.txt
                if (resp == "Connection Timeout"):
                    result['data'] = resp
                else:
                    print resp#输出flag.txt
                    tmpfile.write(resp)
                    tmpfile.close()
                result['code'] = 200
            if "read" in self.action:#检查action值中是否含read
                f = open("./%s/result.txt" % self.sandbox, 'r')
                result['code'] = 200
                result['data'] = f.read()
            if result['code'] == 500:
                result['data'] = "Action Error"#没有返回Action Error
        else:
            result['code'] = 500
            result['msg'] = "Sign Error"#不等于返回Sign Error
        return result

    def checkSign(self):#校验函数
        if (getSign(self.action, self.param) == self.sign):
            return True
        else:
            return False


#generate Sign For Action Scan.
@app.route("/geneSign", methods=['GET', 'POST'])#这个路由用来读取Sign的值
def geneSign():
    param = urllib.unquote(request.args.get("param", ""))
    action = "scan"
    return getSign(action, param)


@app.route('/De1ta',methods=['GET','POST'])#最终注入点
def challenge():
    action = urllib.unquote(request.cookies.get("action"))
    param = urllib.unquote(request.args.get("param", ""))
    sign = urllib.unquote(request.cookies.get("sign"))
    ip = request.remote_addr
    if(waf(param)):
        return "No Hacker!!!!"
    task = Task(action, param, sign, ip)
    return json.dumps(task.Exec())
@app.route('/')#根目录路由，显示源码
def index():
    return open("code.txt","r").read()


def scan(param):
    socket.setdefaulttimeout(1)
    try:
        return urllib.urlopen(param).read()[:50]#读取flag
    except:
        return "Connection Timeout"



def getSign(action, param):#返回值要等与sign
    return hashlib.md5(secert_key + param + action).hexdigest()


def md5(content):
    return hashlib.md5(content).hexdigest()


def waf(param):#没什么用的waf
    check=param.strip().lower()
    if check.startswith("gopher") or check.startswith("file"):
        return True
    else:
        return False


if __name__ == '__main__':
    app.debug = False
    app.run(host='0.0.0.0')

首先读代码很重要，先看De1ta这个路由

action = urllib.unquote(request.cookies.get("action"))
param = urllib.unquote(request.args.get("param", ""))
sign = urllib.unquote(request.cookies.get("sign"))

用cookie获得action和sign
用get方法获得param
过了一个没什么用的waf
然后用我们获得的参数构造了一个Task对象，最后返回了task.Exec()。接着我们看Exec()方法。
详细的过程标在了源码里。大致的意思就是，检查检查sign值是否等于hashlib.md5(secert_key + param + action).hexdigest()。和 action必须含有read和scan

我们知道python的加号是字符串拼接。
根据scan，我们只要让param等于flag.txt（hint告诉我们flag在flag.txt里）且action等于readscan。
secert_key我们是不可能获取的。我们可以利用另一个路由来获取sign值。
获取到了sgin值。为什么是flag.txtread？
因为action本来是scan
这里进行了拼接这样就变成了secret_keyflag.txtreadscan
获得了secret_keyflag.txtreadscan的md5值也就是sgin，我们就可以构造，
获取了flag