(ubuntu18.04+cuda9.0)
ubuntu18.04
首先GCC 降级,由于CUDA 9.0仅支持GCC 6.0及以下版本,而Ubuntu 18.04预装GCC版本为7.3,故手动进行降级,这里我降到4.8版本
sudo apt-get install gcc-4.8
sudo apt-get install g++-4.8
cd /usr/bin
ls -l gcc*
sudo mv gcc gcc.bak #备份
sudo ln -s gcc-4.8 gcc #重新链接
sudo mv g++ g++.bak
sudo ln -s g++-4.8 g++
gcc -v
g++ -v
均显示gcc version 4.8 ,说明gcc 4.8安装成功。
显卡驱动与CUDA版本对应表:
另附上cuda与torch对应版本:
到NVIDIA官网CUDA9.0 下载页面下载runfile,选择ubuntu16.04,18.04版本的系统能够安装16.04版本对应的CUDA:
sudo sh cuda_9.0.176_384.81_linux.run
Please make sure that
- PATH includes /usr/local/cuda-9.0/bin
- LD_LIBRARY_PATH includes /usr/local/cuda-9.0/lib64, or, add /usr/local/cuda-9.0/lib64 to /etc/ld.so.conf and run ldconfig as root
环境设置:
sudo gedit /etc/profile
export PATH=$PATH:/usr/local/cuda/bin
sudo rm -rf /usr/local/cuda #删除之前生成的软链接
sudo ln -s /usr/local/cuda-9.0 /usr/local/cuda #设置cuda软链接
sudo gedit ~/.bashrc
export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$LD_LIBRARY_PATH:/usr/local/cuda/lib64
重启
换源
sudo gedit /etc/apt/sources.list
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic-security main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic-updates main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic-proposed main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic-backports main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic-security main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic-updates main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic-proposed main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic-backports main restricted universe multiverse
deb https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic main restricted universe multiverse
deb https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic-updates main restricted universe multiverse
deb https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic-backports main restricted universe multiverse
deb https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic-security main restricted universe multiverse
deb https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic-proposed main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic-updates main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic-backports main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic-security main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic-proposed main restricted universe multiverse
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get upgrade
禁止系统自动更新
安装输入法
sudo apt-get install fcitx-bin #相关的依赖库和框架都会自动安装上
sudo apt-get install fcitx-table #安装输入法
修改键盘输入法系统:fcitx
点击Ubuntu右上角顶栏的小键盘图标中打开,配置。
也可以安装搜狗输入法。
安装anaconda
官网下载:Anaconda3-2020.02-Linux-x86_64.sh
bash Anaconda3-2020.02-Linux-x86_64.sh
常用使用方法:
conda env list #查看有哪些环境
conda list #查看安装了哪些包
conda activate xxx #激活环境
conda create -n xxx python=3.6 #创建环境
conda remove -n xxx --all #删除环境
conda换源:
conda config --show-sources #查看当前使用源
sudo gedit ~/.condarc
channels:
- https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/anaconda/pkgs/free/
- defaults
show_channel_urls: yes
pip换源:
mkdir ~/.pip
sudo gedit ~/.pip/pip.conf
[global]
index-url = https://pypi.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/simple
trusted-host = pypi.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn
[global]
index-url = https://mirrors.aliyun.com/pypi/simple
trusted-host = mirrors.aliyun.com
pycharm安装
下载Pycharm社区版 解压 :
运行
cd pycharm-community-2020.1.2/bin/
sh ./pycharm.sh
添加快捷方式:
cd /usr/share/applications
sudo gedit pycharm.desktop
添加以下内容:
[Desktop Entry]
Type = Application
Name =pycharm
Exec = 安装路径/pycharm-community-2020.1.2/bin/pycharm.sh
Icon = 安装路径/pycharm-community-2020.1.2/bin/pycharm.png
Terminal=false
Categories=Pycharm
cudnn安装
下载对应的cudnn版本,解压:
sudo cp cuda/include/cudnn.h /usr/local/cuda/include/
sudo cp cuda/lib64/libcudnn* /usr/local/cuda/lib64/
ffmpeg安装
下载ffmpeg源码:
git clone git://source.ffmpeg.org/ffmpeg.git ffmpeg
安装编译需要的环境:
sudo apt-get install -y autoconf automake build-essential git libass-dev libfreetype6-dev libsdl2-dev libtheora-dev libtool libva-dev libvdpau-dev libvorbis-dev libxcb1-dev libxcb-shm0-dev libxcb-xfixes0-dev pkg-config texinfo wget zlib1g-dev
sudo apt-get install libavformat-dev libavcodec-dev libswresample-dev libswscale-dev libavutil-dev libsdl1.2-dev
sudo apt-get install yasm
sudo apt-get install aptitude
sudo aptitude install libx264-dev
sudo apt install pkg-config
sudo apt-get install libx265-dev
编译安装:
./configure --enable-shared --prefix=/usr/local/ffmpeg --enable-gpl --enable-libx264 --enable-libx265
make
sudo make install
设置动态链接库:
sudo gedit ~/.bashrc
export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=/usr/local/ffmpeg/lib:$LD_LIBRARY_PATH
重启后可以使用