实验目的
- 了解 udp C/S架构
- 掌握 udp C/S架构的实现
实验内容
- 实现UDP服务器(server)
- 实现UDP客户端(client)
实验原理
UDP协议没有建立来凝结特性,所以UDP协议没有自动记录对方IP和端口号的特点,每次发送数据时,必须亲自制定和对方的IP和端口号,只有这样才能把数据发送给对方
- UDP通信过程:
- 调用socket创建套接字
- bind绑定固定的IP和端口号
- 调用sendto和recvfrom函数,发送和接收数据
程序设计
udp send.c:
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <sys/types.h>
#include <sys/socket.h>
#include <arpa/inet.h>
#include <sys/stat.h>
#include <fcntl.h>
#define PORT 5555
int main()
{
int sockfd;
char buffer[1024];
struct sockaddr_in s_addr;
sockfd = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_DGRAM, 0);
if(sockfd <0)
{
perror("socket error!\n");
exit(1);
}
int opt = 1;
setsockopt(sockfd, SOL_SOCKET, SO_REUSEADDR, &opt, sizeof(opt));
bzero(&s_addr, sizeof(struct sockaddr_in));
s_addr.sin_family = AF_INET;
s_addr.sin_port = htons(PORT);
s_addr.sin_addr.s_addr = inet_addr("192.168.182.128");
if(bind(sockfd, (struct sockaddr *)(&s_addr), sizeof(struct sockaddr_in)) < 0)
{
perror("bind error!");
exit(1);
}
while(1)
{
bzero(&s_addr, sizeof(struct sockaddr_in));
s_addr.sin_family = AF_INET;
s_addr.sin_port = htons(5554);
s_addr.sin_addr.s_addr = inet_addr("192.168.182.128");
memset(buffer, 0, sizeof(buffer));
printf("Please input send message:\n");
scanf("%s", buffer);
sendto(sockfd, buffer, strlen(buffer), 0, (struct sockaddr*)(&s_addr), sizeof(struct sockaddr_in));
usleep(3);
}
return 0;
}
udp recv.c:
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <sys/types.h>
#include <sys/socket.h>
#include <arpa/inet.h>
#include <sys/stat.h>
#include <fcntl.h>
#define PORT 5554
int main()
{
int sockfd;
int addr_len;
char buffer[1024];
struct sockaddr_in s_addr;
struct sockaddr_in c_addr;
sockfd = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_DGRAM, 0);
if(sockfd < 0)
{
perror("socket error!\n");
exit(1);
}
int opt = 1;
setsockopt(sockfd, SOL_SOCKET, SO_REUSEADDR, &opt, sizeof(opt));
bzero(&s_addr, sizeof(struct sockaddr_in));
s_addr.sin_family = AF_INET;
s_addr.sin_port = htons(PORT);
s_addr.sin_addr.s_addr = inet_addr("192.168.182.128");
if(bind(sockfd, (struct sockaddr *)(&s_addr), sizeof(struct sockaddr_in)) < 0)
{
perror("bind error!");
exit(1);
}
while(1)
{
bzero(&s_addr, sizeof(struct sockaddr_in));
s_addr.sin_family = AF_INET;
s_addr.sin_port = htons(5554);
s_addr.sin_addr.s_addr = inet_addr("192.168.182.128");
memset(buffer, 0, sizeof(buffer));
addr_len = sizeof(struct sockaddr_in);
recvfrom(sockfd, buffer, sizeof(buffer), 0, (struct sockaddr*)(&c_addr), &addr_len);
printf("recv = %s\n", buffer);
usleep(3);
}
return 0;
}
运行结果
root@jsetc-virtual-machine:/0504# ./udps
Please input send message:
hello
Please input send message:
what is your name
Please input send message:
Please input send message:
Please input send message:
Please input send message:
^C
root@jsetc-virtual-machine:/0504# ./udpr
recv = hello
recv = what
recv = is
recv = your
recv = name
^C
实验总结
UDP的客户端实现和TCP的客户端实现可以说是一模一样的,但是UDP服务器和TCP略有不同!
由于UDP是“无连接”的,所以,服务器端不需要额外创建监听套接字,只需要指定好IP和port,然后监听该地址,等待客户端与之建立连接,即可通信,且UDP服务器不需要并发,也可以说本身就支持并发。