Pytorch系列笔记（十）

我们来看看Basic CNN。就以上文中我们提到的手写识别举例。
以下为相关代码：

class Net(torch.nn.Module):
def __init__(self):
super(Net, self).__init__()
self.l1 = torch.nn.Linear(784, 512)
self.l2 = torch.nn.Linear(512, 256)
self.l3 = torch.nn.Linear(256, 128)
self.l4 = torch.nn.Linear(128, 64)
self.l5 = torch.nn.Linear(64, 10)
def forward(self, x):
x = x.view(-1, 784)
x = F.relu(self.l1(x))
x = F.relu(self.l2(x))
x = F.relu(self.l3(x))
x = F.relu(self.l4(x))
return self.l5(x)
model = Net()

上图就说明了具体的运算过程。
下面我们来看看卷积操作：
每一个像素块我们都进行下述的操作
我们通过一系列的计算就可以得到下述的结果：
最终我们把相关像素块进行求和。（三原色因此为三项求和）
以下为相关代码：

import torch
in_channels, out_channels= 5, 10
width, height = 100, 100
kernel_size = 3
batch_size = 1
input = torch.randn(batch_size,
in_channels,
width,
height)
conv_layer = torch.nn.Conv2d(in_channels,
out_channels,
kernel_size=kernel_size)
output = conv_layer(input)
print(input.shape)
print(output.shape)
print(conv_layer.weight.shape)

上述代码结果为下:
可以有助于我们理解相关维度的变化。
但是上述计算卷积也有一定的问题：对于边缘的相关数据利用率不好，因此我们可以使用下面的方法，在矩阵周围加上一周的数字（padding）。

相关代码如下：

import torch
input = [3,4,6,5,7,
2,4,6,8,2,
1,6,7,8,4,
9,7,4,6,2,
3,7,5,4,1]
input = torch.Tensor(input).view(1, 1, 5, 5)
conv_layer = torch.nn.Conv2d(1, 1, kernel_size=3, padding=1, bias=False)
kernel = torch.Tensor([1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9]).view(1, 1, 3, 3)
conv_layer.weight.data = kernel.data
output = conv_layer(input)
print(output)

可以注意到我们将padding设为了1，即可产生上述的效果，我们还可以缩小一周（stride）：
相关代码如下：

import torch
input = [3,4,6,5,7,
2,4,6,8,2,
1,6,7,8,4,
9,7,4,6,2,
3,7,5,4,1]
input = torch.Tensor(input).view(1, 1, 5, 5)
conv_layer = torch.nn.Conv2d(1, 1, kernel_size=3, stride=2, bias=False)
kernel = torch.Tensor([1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9]).view(1, 1, 3, 3)
conv_layer.weight.data = kernel.data
output = conv_layer(input)
print(output)

下面我们介绍以下最大池化（Max Pooling Layer）
相当于就是找出某一块中最大的数来进行降维，相关代码如下：

import torch
input = [3,4,6,5,
2,4,6,8,
1,6,7,8,
9,7,4,6,
]
input = torch.Tensor(input).view(1, 1, 4, 4)
maxpooling_layer = torch.nn.MaxPool2d(kernel_size=2)
output = maxpooling_layer(input)
print(output)

而对于我们的实际运用中我们可以交叉使用上述的操作：

以下为上图代码：

class Net(torch.nn.Module):
def __init__(self):
super(Net, self).__init__()
self.conv1 = torch.nn.Conv2d(1, 10, kernel_size=5)
self.conv2 = torch.nn.Conv2d(10, 20, kernel_size=5)
self.pooling = torch.nn.MaxPool2d(2)
self.fc = torch.nn.Linear(320, 10)
def forward(self, x):
# Flatten data from (n, 1, 28, 28) to (n, 784)
batch_size = x.size(0)
x = F.relu(self.pooling(self.conv1(x)))
x = F.relu(self.pooling(self.conv2(x)))
x = x.view(batch_size, -1) # flatten
x = self.fc(x)
return x
model = Net()

如果使用gpu来进行加速计算时可以使用下述操作：

class Net(torch.nn.Module):
def __init__(self):
super(Net, self).__init__()
self.conv1 = torch.nn.Conv2d(1, 10, kernel_size=5)
self.conv2 = torch.nn.Conv2d(10, 20, kernel_size=5)
self.pooling = torch.nn.MaxPool2d(2)
self.fc = torch.nn.Linear(320, 10)
def forward(self, x):
# Flatten data from (n, 1, 28, 28) to (n, 784)
batch_size = x.size(0)
x = F.relu(self.pooling(self.conv1(x)))
x = F.relu(self.pooling(self.conv2(x)))
x = x.view(batch_size, -1) # flatten
x = self.fc(x)
return x
model = Net()
device = torch.device("cuda:0" if torch.cuda.is_available() else "cpu")
model.to(device)

以下为训练函数：

def train(epoch):
running_loss = 0.0
for batch_idx, data in enumerate(train_loader, 0):
inputs, target = data
optimizer.zero_grad()
# forward + backward + update
outputs = model(inputs)
loss = criterion(outputs, target)
loss.backward()
optimizer.step()
running_loss += loss.item()
if batch_idx % 300 == 299:
print('[%d, %5d] loss: %.3f' % (epoch + 1, batch_idx + 1, running_loss / 2000))
running_loss = 0.0

def test():
correct = 0
total = 0
with torch.no_grad():
for data in test_loader:
inputs, target = data
inputs, target = inputs.to(device), target.to(device)
outputs = model(inputs)
_, predicted = torch.max(outputs.data, dim=1)
total += target.size(0)
correct += (predicted == target).sum().item()
print('Accuracy on test set: %d %% [%d/%d]' % (100 * correct / total, correct, total))

以下为运行结果：